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Multicenter Study
.2013 Nov 14;8(11):e80151.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080151. eCollection 2013.

A phenotypic structure and neural correlates of compulsive behaviors in adolescents

Collaborators, Affiliations
Multicenter Study

A phenotypic structure and neural correlates of compulsive behaviors in adolescents

Chantale Montigny et al. PLoS One..

Abstract

Background: A compulsivity spectrum has been hypothesized to exist across Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD), Eating Disorders (ED), substance abuse (SA) and binge-drinking (BD). The objective was to examine the validity of this compulsivity spectrum, and differentiate it from an externalizing behaviors dimension, but also to look at hypothesized personality and neural correlates.

Method: A community-sample of adolescents (N=1938; mean age 14.5 years), and their parents were recruited via high-schools in 8 European study sites. Data on adolescents' psychiatric symptoms, DSM diagnoses (DAWBA) and substance use behaviors (AUDIT and ESPAD) were collected through adolescent- and parent-reported questionnaires and interviews. The phenotypic structure of compulsive behaviors was then tested using structural equation modeling. The model was validated using personality variables (NEO-FFI and TCI), and Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) analysis.

Results: Compulsivity symptoms best fit a higher-order two factor model, with ED and OCD loading onto a compulsivity factor, and BD and SA loading onto an externalizing factor, composed also of ADHD and conduct disorder symptoms. The compulsivity construct correlated with neuroticism (r=0.638; p ≤ 0.001), conscientiousness (r=0.171; p ≤ 0.001), and brain gray matter volume in left and right orbitofrontal cortex, right ventral striatum and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The externalizing factor correlated with extraversion (r=0.201; p ≤ 0.001), novelty-seeking (r=0.451; p ≤ 0.001), and negatively with gray matter volume in the left inferior and middle frontal gyri.

Conclusions: Results suggest that a compulsivity spectrum exists in an adolescent, preclinical sample and accounts for variance in both OCD and ED, but not substance-related behaviors, and can be differentiated from an externalizing spectrum.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests:Gareth J. Barker received honoraria for teaching from General Electric during the course of this study. Trevor W. Robbins consults for Cambridge Cognition, E Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck Sharpe, Lundbeck and Dohme, Teva and Shire Pharmaceuticals, and has received recent research grants from Lilly, GSK and Lundbeck. Tobias Banaschewski served in an advisory or consultancy role for Bristol Myers-Squibb, Develco Pharma, Lilly, Medice, Novartis, Shire and Viforpharma and received conference attendance support and conference support or received speaker's fee from Lilly, Janssen McNeil, Medice, Novartis and Shire. He is/has been involved in clinical trials conducted by Lilly and Shire. The present work is unrelated to the Tobias Banaschewski's grants and relationships. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. One-factor model (A).
Higher-order model (B). (N = 1938).
Figure 2
Figure 2. Higher-order model with personality correlates as predictors.
(N = 1938).
Figure 3
Figure 3. Anatomical locations for the four significant clusters correlated with Compulsivity and three correlated with Externalizing Behaviors identified in the VBM analysis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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