Review
doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2012.04.011. Epub 2012 Jun 2.Entamoeba histolytica: a snapshot of current research and methods for genetic analysis
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- PMID:22664276
- PMCID: PMC3424301
- DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2012.04.011
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Review
Entamoeba histolytica: a snapshot of current research and methods for genetic analysis
Laura Morf et al. Curr Opin Microbiol.2012 Aug.
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Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica represents one of the leading causes of parasitic death worldwide. Although identified as the causative agent of amebiasis since 1875, the molecular mechanisms by which the parasite causes disease are still not fully understood. Studying Entamoeba reveals insights into a eukaryotic cell that differs in many ways from better-studied model organisms. Thus, much can be learned from this protozoan parasite on evolution, cell biology, and RNA biology. In this review we discuss selected research highlights in Entamoeba research and focus on the development of molecular biological techniques to study this pathogen. We end by highlighting some of the many questions that remain to be answered in order to fully understand this important human pathogen.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Several RNAi based gene knockdown techniques have been established inE. histolytica such as feeding of bacteria expressing dsRNA to a gene of interest, stem-loop expression of dsRNA as well as soaking of the parasites in dsRNA. Alternatively the G3 cell line, in which gene silencing occurs based on an RNAi based mechanism, can be used to achieve gene knockdown. Evaluation of the “gene knockdown” cell lines can be performed using a wide variety of assays to evaluate for fitness (migration assay, host cell adhesion assay, motility assay) and pathogenic potential (phagocytosis assay, human colonic explant model, cytotoxicity assay, host cell monolayer destruction).
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