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.2013 Jun;8(5):515-22.
doi: 10.1093/scan/nss025. Epub 2012 Feb 20.

Insular and hippocampal contributions to remembering people with an impression of bad personality

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Insular and hippocampal contributions to remembering people with an impression of bad personality

Takashi Tsukiura et al. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci.2013 Jun.

Abstract

Our impressions of other people are formed mainly from the two possible factors of facial attractiveness and trustworthiness. Previous studies have shown the importance of orbitofrontal-hippocampal interactions in the better remembering of attractive faces, and psychological data have indicated that faces giving an impression of untrustworthiness are remembered more accurately than those giving an impression of trustworthiness. However, the neural mechanisms of the latter effect are largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we investigated neural activities with event-related fMRI while the female participants rated their impressions of the personalities of men in terms of trustworthiness. After the rating, memory for faces was tested to identify successful encoding activity. As expected, faces that gave bad impressions were remembered better than those that gave neutral or good impressions. In fMRI data, right insular activity reflected an increasing function of bad impressions, and bilateral hippocampal activities predicted subsequent memory success. Additionally, correlation between these insular and hippocampal regions was significant only in the encoding of faces associated with a bad impression. Better memory for faces associated with an impression of bad personality could reflect greater interaction between the avoidance-related insular region and the encoding-related hippocampal region.

Keywords: fMRI; face; hippocampus; insula; memory.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Task paradigm. During encoding, female participants were required to rate the facial impression of badness for male faces using an eight-point scale (from 1: very bad, to 8: very good). During retrieval, previously studied and new faces were presented one by one. For each face, participants indicated whether the face was judged as (1) a studied face with high confidence (definitely old: DO), (2) a studied face with low confidence (probably old: PO), (3) an unstudied face with low confidence (probably new: PN) or (4) an unstudied face with high confidence (definitely new: DN).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Proportion of hitsvs false alarms with high confidence. HH, high-confidence hits; FH, high-confidence false alarms. Error bars represent standard error. **P < 0.01.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Badness-related activity and activation profile in the right insular cortex. Error bars represent standard error.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Encoding-related activity and activation profile in the bilateral hippocampi. Error bars represent standard error. HH, high-confidence hits; HL, low-confidence hits; Miss, misses.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Correlation between badness-related insular activity and encoding-related hippocampal (left) activity, separately for faces with a bad impression (green), faces with a neutral impression (blue) and faces with a good impression (orange). Insular and hippocampal activations were significantly correlated for faces with a bad impression (**P < 0.01), but not for faces with a neutral or good impression.
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