The morphological basis of proestrus endometrial bleeding in canines
- PMID:21112080
- DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.04.022
The morphological basis of proestrus endometrial bleeding in canines
Abstract
Endometrial bleeding during proestrus is a well-known phenomenon in the bitch. However, the exact events on the cellular level have not been studied. In the present investigation, immunohistochemical methods and transmission electron microscopy were employed to obtain more information about this cyclic event in canines. Long, stretched blood vessels were seen in H&E stained sections during proestrus. These vessels showed mitotic activity, as evidenced by Ki67 immunostaining. Although the endothelial lining and basement membrane of endometrial blood vessels seemed continuous, as indicated by immunohistochemical staining for laminin and Von Willebrand factor, transmission electron microscopy showed an extreme thinning and even interruption of the vascular wall in endometrial venules. Platelets were frequently seen in those areas, and also detected by immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, all endometrial capillaries examined by electron microscopy had an intact wall. We therefore postulate the endometrial venules to be the blood vessels that are mainly responsible for proestrus endometrial bleeding, rather than subepithelial capillaries.
Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Similar articles
- Proliferation patterns in the canine endometrium during the estrous cycle.Van Cruchten S, Van den Broeck W, D'haeseleer M, Simoens P.Van Cruchten S, et al.Theriogenology. 2004 Aug;62(3-4):631-41. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.11.015.Theriogenology. 2004.PMID:15226018
- Wall discontinuities and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 in endometrial blood vessels of women with menorrhagia.Mints M, Hultenby K, Zetterberg E, Blomgren B, Falconer C, Rogers R, Palmblad J.Mints M, et al.Fertil Steril. 2007 Sep;88(3):691-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.190. Epub 2007 Mar 6.Fertil Steril. 2007.PMID:17336974
- Pathways of blood flow to and through superficial lymph nodes in the dog.Belz GT, Heath TJ.Belz GT, et al.J Anat. 1995 Oct;187 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):413-21.J Anat. 1995.PMID:7592004Free PMC article.
- [Ultrastructure of the subepithelial capillaries and venules in the forestomach of sheep].Karmona Kh, Kovachev G.Karmona Kh, et al.Vet Med Nauki. 1986;23(3):42-51.Vet Med Nauki. 1986.PMID:3727386Bulgarian.
- Bleeding with menopausal hormone therapy: physiological or pathological?Hickey M.Hickey M.Menopause Int. 2007 Dec;13(4):188-90. doi: 10.1258/175404507783004005.Menopause Int. 2007.PMID:18088532Review.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical