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.2010 Mar;48(3):915-20.
doi: 10.1128/JCM.01664-09. Epub 2010 Jan 6.

Comprehensive analysis of a norovirus-associated gastroenteritis outbreak, from the environment to the consumer

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Comprehensive analysis of a norovirus-associated gastroenteritis outbreak, from the environment to the consumer

Françoise S Le Guyader et al. J Clin Microbiol.2010 Mar.

Abstract

Noroviruses have been recognized to be the predominant agents of nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans, and their transmission via contaminated shellfish consumption has been demonstrated. Norovirus laboratory experiments, volunteer challenge studies, and community gastroenteritis outbreak investigations have identified human genetic susceptibility factors related to histo-blood group antigen expression. Following a banquet in Brittany, France, in February 2008, gastroenteritis cases were linked to oyster consumption. This study identified an association of the norovirus illnesses with histo-blood group expression, and oyster contamination with norovirus was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative analyses. The secretor phenotype was associated with illness, especially for the non-A subgroup. The study showed that, in addition to accidental climatic events that may lead to oyster contamination, illegal shellfish collection and trading are also risk factors associated with outbreaks.

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Onset of symptoms for banquet participants. Oysters were consumed for lunch on 5 February 2008 (arrow). Each box represents one new clinical case identified in 4-h intervals (x axis), and the number of cases is recorded (y axis). The number in each box corresponds to the number of oysters consumed, and the circle identify people from whom stool samples were collected for analysis. Black boxes, type A secretors; gray boxes, type O secretors; box with horizontal stripe, a type AB secretor; boxes with diagonal stripes, type B secretors; boxes with dots, nonsecretors; white box, no saliva collected.
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