Practical pituitary pathology: what does the pathologist need to know?
- PMID:18684022
- DOI: 10.5858/2008-132-1231-PPPWDT
Practical pituitary pathology: what does the pathologist need to know?
Abstract
Context: The sellar region is the site of frequent pathology. The pituitary is affected by a large number of pathologic entities arising from the gland itself and from adjacent anatomical structures including brain, blood vessels, nerves, and meninges. The surgical pathology of this area requires the accurate characterization of primary adenohypophysial tumors, craniopharyngiomas, neurologic neoplasms, germ cell tumors, hematologic malignancies, and metastases as well as nonneoplastic lesions such as cysts, hyperplasias, and inflammatory disorders.
Objective: To provide a practical approach to the diagnosis of pituitary specimens.
Data sources: Literature review and primary material from the University of Toronto.
Conclusions: The initial examination requires routine hematoxylin-eosin to establish whether the lesion is a primary adenohypophysial proliferation or one of the many other types of pathology that occur in this area. The most common lesions resected surgically are pituitary adenomas. These are evaluated with a number of special stains and immunohistochemical markers that are now available to accurately classify these tumors. The complex subclassification of pituitary adenomas is now recognized to reflect specific clinical features and genetic alterations that predict targeted therapies for patients with pituitary disorders.
Similar articles
- My approach to pathology of the pituitary gland.Al-Brahim NY, Asa SL.Al-Brahim NY, et al.J Clin Pathol. 2006 Dec;59(12):1245-53. doi: 10.1136/jcp.2005.031187.J Clin Pathol. 2006.PMID:17142570Free PMC article.Review.
- Novel aspects in histopathology of the pituitary gland.Tortosa F, Webb SM.Tortosa F, et al.Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017 Mar;64(3):152-161. doi: 10.1016/j.endinu.2016.10.004. Epub 2017 Feb 23.Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017.PMID:28440754Review.English, Spanish.
- Membranous layers of the pituitary gland: histological anatomic study and related clinical issues.Songtao Q, Yuntao L, Jun P, Chuanping H, Xiaofeng S.Songtao Q, et al.Neurosurgery. 2009 Mar;64(3 Suppl):ons1-9; discussion ons9-10. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000327688.76833.F7.Neurosurgery. 2009.PMID:19240557
- Pituitary gland.Horvath E, Kovacs K.Horvath E, et al.Pathol Res Pract. 1988 Apr;183(2):129-42. doi: 10.1016/S0344-0338(88)80041-4.Pathol Res Pract. 1988.PMID:3290865Review.
- The pituitary gland in patients with breast carcinoma: a histologic and immunocytochemical study of 125 cases.Marin F, Kovacs KT, Scheithauer BW, Young WF Jr.Marin F, et al.Mayo Clin Proc. 1992 Oct;67(10):949-56. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60925-2.Mayo Clin Proc. 1992.PMID:1434855
Cited by
- A radiologic score to distinguish autoimmune hypophysitis from nonsecreting pituitary adenoma preoperatively.Gutenberg A, Larsen J, Lupi I, Rohde V, Caturegli P.Gutenberg A, et al.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009 Oct;30(9):1766-72. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1714. Epub 2009 Jul 23.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009.PMID:19628625Free PMC article.
- Pituitary adenomas: historical perspective, surgical management and future directions.Theodros D, Patel M, Ruzevick J, Lim M, Bettegowda C.Theodros D, et al.CNS Oncol. 2015;4(6):411-29. doi: 10.2217/cns.15.21. Epub 2015 Oct 26.CNS Oncol. 2015.PMID:26497533Free PMC article.Review.
- Evolution in endoscopic endonasal approach for the management of hypothalamic-pituitary region metastasis: A single-institution experience.Baiano C, Somma T, Franca RA, Di Costanzo M, Scala MR, Cretella P, Esposito F, Cavallo LM, Cappabianca P, Solari D.Baiano C, et al.Front Oncol. 2022 Jul 28;12:975738. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.975738. eCollection 2022.Front Oncol. 2022.PMID:35965539Free PMC article.
- CD151 up-regulation contributes to the invasion of pituitary adenomas.Li S, Wu C, Gao H, Wu X, Yu L, Tao B, Hong Y.Li S, et al.Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2018 Mar 1;11(3):1538-1545. eCollection 2018.Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2018.PMID:31938251Free PMC article.
- LOW O6-METHYLGUANINE-DNA METHYTRANSFERASE (MGMT) AND PAN-CYTOKERATIN (PAN-CK) EXPRESSION VIA IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN PITUITARY ADENOMAS.Basaran R, Onoz M, Bolukbasi FH, Efendioglu M, Sav A.Basaran R, et al.Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2017 Jul-Sep;13(3):282-293. doi: 10.4183/aeb.2017.282.Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2017.PMID:31149189Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Related information
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical