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Review
.2006 Nov 15;58(11):1243-57.
doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2006.07.021. Epub 2006 Sep 15.

Current status of gene delivery and gene therapy in lacrimal gland using viral vectors

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Review

Current status of gene delivery and gene therapy in lacrimal gland using viral vectors

Shivaram Selvam et al. Adv Drug Deliv Rev..

Abstract

Gene delivery is one of the biggest challenges in the field of gene therapy. It involves the efficient transfer of transgenes into somatic cells for therapeutic purposes. A few major drawbacks in gene delivery include inefficient gene transfer and lack of sustained transgene expression. However, the classical method of using viral vectors for gene transfer has circumvented some of these issues. Several kinds of viruses, including retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and herpes simplex virus, have been manipulated for use in gene transfer and gene therapy applications. The transfer of genetic material into lacrimal epithelial cells and tissues, both in vitro and in vivo, has been critical for the study of tear secretory mechanisms and autoimmunity of the lacrimal gland. These studies will help in the development of therapeutic interventions for autoimmune disorders such as Sjögren's syndrome and dry eye syndromes which are associated with lacrimal dysfunction. These studies are also critical for future endeavors which utilize the lacrimal gland as a reservoir for the production of therapeutic factors which can be released in tears, providing treatment for diseases of the cornea and posterior segment. This review will discuss the developments related to gene delivery and gene therapy in the lacrimal gland using several viral vector systems.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
In vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory gene therapy. This schematic describes an in vitro method for activating autologous lymphocytes in a mixed cell reaction and suppression of the lymphocyte activation by gene transfer. [Ref: 37].
Figure 2
Figure 2
This schematic describes the method used to induce autoimmune dacryoadenitis and the effect of gene therapy on the clinical symptoms and gland histopathology [Ref: 46,75,19].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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