Tourette's syndrome: from behaviour to biology
- PMID:15721825
- DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(05)01012-4
Tourette's syndrome: from behaviour to biology
Abstract
Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by motor and vocal tics. Diagnosis is based solely on clinical criteria. The prevalence of this syndrome is estimated to be between one and ten per 1000 children and adolescents and the outcome is generally favourable; most patients improve by their late teens or early adulthood. Affected individuals are at increased risk of various comorbid neurobehavioural problems, the negative effects of which commonly exceed those of tics. Despite evidence that TS is an inherited disorder, the exact genetic abnormality is unknown. Environmental factors might have an important role in the expression of tics, and a poststreptococcal autoimmune cause has been proposed but is unproven. Brain imaging, neurophysiological, and post-mortem studies support involvement of cortical-striatal-thalamocortical pathways, but the definitive pathophysiological mechanism or neurotransmitter abnormality is unknown. Recent evidence, however, suggests a prefrontal dopaminergic abnormality. Traditional neuroleptics are the standard treatment for TS, but there is increasing interest in non-neuroleptic drugs, behavioural therapies, and surgical approaches.
Similar articles
- [Neurobiology, clinical characteristics and therapy in Tourette's syndrome].Neuner I, Ludolph AG.Neuner I, et al.Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2011 Dec;79(12):724-32. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1281853. Epub 2011 Dec 9.Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2011.PMID:22161167Review.German.
- [Tourette's syndrome - a review].Riederer F, Stamenkovic M, Schindler SD, Kasper S.Riederer F, et al.Nervenarzt. 2002 Sep;73(9):805-19. doi: 10.1007/s00115-002-1270-y.Nervenarzt. 2002.PMID:12215871Review.German.
- "Dude, you don't have Tourette's:" Tourette's syndrome, beyond the tics.Schapiro NA.Schapiro NA.Pediatr Nurs. 2002 May-Jun;28(3):243-6, 249-53.Pediatr Nurs. 2002.PMID:12087644Review.
- Costs of control: decreased motor cortex engagement during a Go/NoGo task in Tourette's syndrome.Thomalla G, Jonas M, Bäumer T, Siebner HR, Biermann-Ruben K, Ganos C, Orth M, Hummel FC, Gerloff C, Müller-Vahl K, Schnitzler A, Münchau A.Thomalla G, et al.Brain. 2014 Jan;137(Pt 1):122-36. doi: 10.1093/brain/awt288. Epub 2013 Oct 30.Brain. 2014.PMID:24176975
- Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.Faridi K, Suchowersky O.Faridi K, et al.Can J Neurol Sci. 2003 Mar;30 Suppl 1:S64-71. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100003267.Can J Neurol Sci. 2003.PMID:12691479Review.
Cited by
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, tics and Tourette's syndrome: the relationship and treatment implications. A commentary.Robertson MM.Robertson MM.Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Feb;15(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s00787-006-0505-z.Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006.PMID:16514504Review.
- Abnormal baseline brain activity in drug-naïve patients with Tourette syndrome: a resting-state fMRI study.Cui Y, Jin Z, Chen X, He Y, Liang X, Zheng Y.Cui Y, et al.Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Jan 2;7:913. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00913. eCollection 2014.Front Hum Neurosci. 2014.PMID:24427134Free PMC article.
- Putting the Pieces Together in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome: Exploring the Link Between Clinical Observations and the Biological Basis of Dysfunction.Hashemiyoon R, Kuhn J, Visser-Vandewalle V.Hashemiyoon R, et al.Brain Topogr. 2017 Jan;30(1):3-29. doi: 10.1007/s10548-016-0525-z. Epub 2016 Oct 25.Brain Topogr. 2017.PMID:27783238Free PMC article.Review.
- Near-infrared spectroscopy in child and adolescent neurodevelopmental disorders.Yamamuro K.Yamamuro K.PCN Rep. 2022 Nov 30;1(4):e59. doi: 10.1002/pcn5.59. eCollection 2022 Dec.PCN Rep. 2022.PMID:38868653Free PMC article.Review.
- The Role of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Tourette Syndrome: A Review and Preliminary Findings.Eapen V, Baker R, Walter A, Raghupathy V, Wehrman JJ, Sowman PF.Eapen V, et al.Brain Sci. 2017 Dec 8;7(12):161. doi: 10.3390/brainsci7120161.Brain Sci. 2017.PMID:29292730Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Related information
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical