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Review
.2005 Feb;7(1):65-70.
doi: 10.1016/j.jfms.2004.08.005.

Dual-subtype FIV vaccine (Fel-O-Vax FIV) protection against a heterologous subtype B FIV isolate

Affiliations
Review

Dual-subtype FIV vaccine (Fel-O-Vax FIV) protection against a heterologous subtype B FIV isolate

Ruiyu Pu et al. J Feline Med Surg.2005 Feb.

Abstract

Vaccine trials were undertaken to determine whether the Fel-O-Vax FIV, a commercial dual-subtype (subtypes A and D) feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine, is effective against a subtype B FIV isolate. Current results demonstrate the Fel-O-Vax FIV to be effective against a subtype B virus, a subtype reported to be the most common in the USA.

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Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1
The phylogenetic tree distribution (panel A), amino acid comparison (panel B), and recombination analysis (panel C) of the vaccine viruses and challenge virus used in current studies 1 and 2, and the virus (FIVBang) reported for prototype dual-subtype FIV vaccine studies (Pu et al 2001). The two vaccine viruses (boxes) and two challenge viruses (ovals), along with known FIV strains, are displayed in a phylogenetic tree of the FIV envelope (env). An unrooted phylogenetic tree was created using the BLOSUM matrix and neighbor-joining algorithm based on the Kimura two-parameter correction (Saitou and Nei 1987, Kimura 1980). Support at each internal node was assessed using 1000 bootstrap samplings and each tree was visualized using Tree View (Felsenstein 1989, Page 1996). All full-length isolates from NCBI data bank (Accession numbers M36968, X60725, M73964, L06312, X57002, M25381, L00607, D37813, X69496, X57001, X69494, D37811, D37815, AF474246, AF452126, D37812, D37816, D37814, E03581, AY621093, D37817, AY621094, U11820, AY620002) have been used with the exception of those based on partial sequences, which are designated in italics (CaBCpady02C, LP-24, LP-20, M2) (Accession numbers U02392, AB027304, AB027302, X69501). Isolates from Japan are designated with Jn, and isolates from USA are designated with the state abbreviation followed by the name of the virus. The amino acid (aa) sequence comparisons (panel B) between the vaccine and challenge strains used in our studies further demonstrate that both vaccine strains (FIVPet and FIVShi) had the greatest % aa difference from subtype B FIVFC1 at all viral proteins (Gag, Pol, Env) analyzed. The recombination analysis (panel C) of structural and polymerase genes of the vaccine and challenge strains was based on phylogenetic tree distributions of the FIV group-specific antigen (gag, tree not shown), FIV polymerase (pol, tree not shown), and FIVenv (panel A). FIVBang is a recombinant of subtypes A and B, and FIVFC1 belongs to subtype B atgag,pol andenv.
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References

    1. Bachmann M.H., Mathiason-Dubard C., Learn G.H., Rodrigo A.G., Sodora D.L., Mazzetti P., Hoover E.A., Mullins J.I. Genetic diversity of feline immunodeficiency virus: dual infection, recombination, and indistinct evolutionary rates among envelope sequence clades, Journal of Virology 71, 1997, 4241–4253. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Berlinski PJ, Gibson JK, Forester NJ, Martin S. (2003) Further investigation into the increased susceptibility of cats to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) after vaccination with parenteral vaccines. In: 21st Annual American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine's Forum, Charlotte, North Carolina, June 4–8, 2003, Abstract #11.
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    1. Felsenstein J. PHYLIP-phylogeny inference package, Cladistics 5, 1989, 164–166.
    1. Ford R.B. Sounding board. Response from the author, North American Veterinary Conference Clinician's Brief 2, 2003, 17.

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