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.2004 Aug 24;101(34):12588-91.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0404957101. Epub 2004 Aug 16.

Tissue-specific codon usage and the expression of human genes

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Tissue-specific codon usage and the expression of human genes

Joshua B Plotkin et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A..

Abstract

A diverse array of mechanisms regulate tissue-specific protein levels. Most research, however, has focused on the role of transcriptional regulation. Here we report systematic differences in synonymous codon usage between genes selectively expressed in six adult human tissues. Furthermore, we show that the codon usage of brain-specific genes has been selectively preserved throughout the evolution of human and mouse from their common ancestor. Our findings suggest that codon-mediated translational control may play an important role in the differentiation and regulation of tissue-specific gene products in humans.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
A dendogram reflecting the codon usage of 26 genes selectively expressed in human testis (red) and 16 genes selectively expressed in uterus (blue). Genes are denoted by their GI number. The pairwise distances underlying this tree reflect the degree to which the genes differ in their codon usage. As this tree demonstrates, testis-expressed genes can generally be distinguished from uterus-expressed genes purely on the basis of their synonymous codon usage. The observed separation between these two classes of genes would not have occurred by random chance (P = 0.0008)
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
A dendogram reflecting the codon usage of 44 brain-specific genes (red) and 34 liver-specific genes (blue). The observed separation between these two classes of genes would not have occurred by random chance (P = 0.00018).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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