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| عمومي خواص |
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| Pronunciation | /ˈθjuːliəm/ or/ˈθuːliəm/
THEW-lee-əm orTHOO-lee-əm |
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| Appearance | silvery gray |
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| Thulium پهدوراني جدول کې |
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| اټومي شمیره(Z) | 69 |
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| گروپ,پیریود | group n/a,period 6 |
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| بلاک | f-block |
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| Element category | lanthanide |
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| معياري اټومي وزن (Ar) | کينډۍ:Val[۱] |
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| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f13 6s2 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2 |
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| فزیکي خواص |
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| حالت(at STP) | جامد |
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| دويلې کيدو ټکى | 1818 K (1545 °C, 2813 °F) |
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| يشنا ټکی | 2223 K (1950 °C, 3542 °F) |
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| Density near r.t. | 9.32 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid, at m.p. | 8.56 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 16.84 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of vaporization | 191 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 27.03 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapor pressure| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
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| at T (K) | 1117 | 1235 | 1381 | 1570 | (1821) | (2217) |
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| اټومي خواص |
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| Oxidation states | 2,3 (abasic oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.25 |
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| Ionization energies | - 1st: 596.7 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 1160 kJ/mol
- 3rd: 2285 kJ/mol
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 176 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 190±10 pm |
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| Miscellanea |
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| Crystal structure | hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for thulium |
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| Thermal expansion | poly: 13.3 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.) |
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| د تودوخې تېرېدنه | 16.9 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | poly: 676 nΩ·m (at r.t.) |
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| Magnetic ordering | paramagnetic (at 300 K) |
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| Magnetic susceptibility(χmol) | +25,500·10−6 cm3/mol (291 K)[۲] |
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| Young's modulus | 74.0 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 30.5 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 44.5 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.213 |
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| Vickers hardness | 470–650 MPa |
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| Brinell hardness | 470–900 MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-30-4 |
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| History |
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| Naming | afterThule, a mythical region in Scandinavia |
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| Discovery and first isolation | Per Teodor Cleve (1879) |
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| Mainisotopes of thulium |
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|
| | references | in Wikidata |
