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منځپانگې ته ورتلل
ويکيپېډيا
پلټنه

کرېپټون

د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا
(لهKrypton نه مخ گرځېدلی)
Krypton,  36Kr
A krypton-filleddischarge tube glowing white
Spectral lines of krypton
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation/ˈkrɪptɒn/
KRIP-ton
Appearancecolorless gas, exhibiting a whitish glow in an electric field
Krypton پهدوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Ar
↑
Kr
↓
Xe
bromine ←krypton →rubidium‍
اټومي شمیره(Z)36
گروپ,پیریودgroup 18 (noble gases),period 4
بلاکp-block
Element category noble gas
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 8
فزیکي خواص
حالت(at STP)گاز
دويلې کيدو ټکى115.78 K ​(−157.37 °C, ​−251.27 °F)
يشنا ټکی119.93 K ​(−153.415 °C, ​−244.147 °F)
کثافت(at STP)3.749 g/L
when liquid, at b.p.2.413 g/cm3[۲]
Triple point115.775 K, ​73.53 kPa[۳][۴]
Critical point209.48 K, 5.525 MPa[۴]
Heat of fusion1.64 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization9.08 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity20.95[۵] J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)5965748499120
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states2, 1,0 ​(rarely more than 0; unknownoxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 3.00
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1350.8 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2350.4 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3565 kJ/mol
Covalent radius116±4 pm
Van der Waals radius202 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure ​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for krypton
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for krypton
Speed of sound(gas, 23 °C) 220 m·s−1
(liquid) 1120m/s
د تودوخې تېرېدنه9.43×10−3  W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[۶]
Magnetic susceptibility(χmol)−28.8·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[۷]
CAS Number7439-90-9
History
Discovery and first isolationWilliam Ramsay andMorris Travers (1898)
Mainisotopes of krypton
آيسو­ټوپAbun­danceنیم ژوند(t1/2)Decay modePro­duct
78Kr0.36%9.2×1021 y[۸]εε78Se

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay3

80Kr2.29%stable

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2

82Kr11.59%stable
83Kr11.50%stable
84Kr56.99%stable
85Krsyn11 yβ−85Rb
86Kr17.28%stable
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| references | in Wikidata

کرېپټون (پهانگرېزي:Krypton) لهکیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې پهتناوبي جدول کې دKr سمبول او ۳۶اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

مشخصات

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تاریخچه

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مرکبات

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د استعمال ځایونه

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سرچينې

[سمول]
  1. ↑Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016)."Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure Appl. Chem.88 (3): 265–91.doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.{{cite journal}}:Unknown parameter|displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. ↑Krypton. encyclopedia.airliquide.com
  3. ↑"Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Melting, boiling, triple, and critical temperatures of the elements".CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 2005.
  4. ↑۴٫۰۴٫۱کينډۍ:RubberBible92nd
  5. ↑Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.
  6. ↑Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, inLide, D. R., ed. (2005).CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press.ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  7. ↑Weast, Robert (1984).CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110.ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  8. ↑Patrignani, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2016). "Review of Particle Physics".Chinese Physics C.40 (10): 100001.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/40/10/100001. See p. 768

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