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منځپانگې ته ورتلل
ويکيپېډيا
پلټنه

هولميوم

د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا
(لهHolmium نه مخ گرځېدلی)
Holmium,  67Ho
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation/ˈhəʊlmiəm/
HOHL-mee-əm
Appearancesilvery white
Holmium پهدوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
–
↑
Ho
↓
Es
dysprosium ←holmium →erbium‍
اټومي شمیره(Z)67
گروپ,پیریودgroup n/a,period 6
بلاکf-block
Element category lanthanide
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f11 6s2
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت(at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى1734 K ​(1461 °C, ​2662 °F)
يشنا ټکی2873 K ​(2600 °C, ​4712 °F)
Density near r.t.8.79 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.8.34 g/cm3
Heat of fusion17.0 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization251 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity27.15 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)14321584(1775)(2040)(2410)(2964)
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states3, 2, 1 ​(a basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.23
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 581.0 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1140 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2204 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 176 pm
Covalent radius192±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure ​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for holmium
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for holmium
Speed of sound thin rod2760 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansionpoly: 11.2 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه16.2 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivitypoly: 814 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Young's modulus64.8 GPa
Shear modulus26.3 GPa
Bulk modulus40.2 GPa
Poisson ratio0.231
Vickers hardness410–600 MPa
Brinell hardness500–1250 MPa
CAS Number7440-60-0
History
DiscoveryJacques-Louis Soret (1878)
Mainisotopes of holmium
آيسو­ټوپAbun­danceنیم ژوند(t1/2)Decay modePro­duct
163Hosyn4570 yε163Dy
164Hosyn29 minε164Dy
165Ho100%stable
166Hosyn26.763 hβ−166Er
167Hosyn3.1 hβ−167Er
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| references | in Wikidata

هولميوم (پهانگرېزي:Holmium) لهکیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې پهتناوبي جدول کې دHo سمبول او ۶vاتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

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سرچينې

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  1. ↑Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016)."Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure Appl. Chem.88 (3): 265–91.doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.{{cite journal}}:Unknown parameter|displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)

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