9.1. Logical Operators#
The usual logical operators are available:
boolean
AND
boolean
→boolean
boolean
OR
boolean
→boolean
NOT
boolean
→boolean
SQL uses a three-valued logic system with true, false, and The operatorsnull
, which represents“unknown”. Observe the following truth tables:a
b
a
ANDb
a
ORb
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE NULL NULL TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE NULL FALSE NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL a
NOT a
TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE NULL NULL AND
andOR
are commutative, that is, you can switch the left and right operands without affecting the result. (However, it is not guaranteed that the left operand is evaluated before the right operand. SeeSection 4.2.14 for more information about the order of evaluation of subexpressions.)