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CREATE EXTENSION
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CREATE EXTENSION

CREATE EXTENSION — install an extension

Synopsis

CREATE EXTENSION [ IF NOT EXISTS ]extension_name    [ WITH ] [ SCHEMAschema_name ]             [ VERSIONversion ]             [ FROMold_version ]             [ CASCADE ]

Description

CREATE EXTENSION loads a new extension into the current database. There must not be an extension of the same name already loaded.

Loading an extension essentially amounts to running the extension's script file. The script will typically create newSQL objects such as functions, data types, operators and index support methods.CREATE EXTENSION additionally records the identities of all the created objects, so that they can be dropped again ifDROP EXTENSION is issued.

Loading an extension requires the same privileges that would be required to create its component objects. For most extensions this means superuser or database owner privileges are needed. The user who runsCREATE EXTENSION becomes the owner of the extension for purposes of later privilege checks, as well as the owner of any objects created by the extension's script.

Parameters

IF NOT EXISTS

Do not throw an error if an extension with the same name already exists. A notice is issued in this case. Note that there is no guarantee that the existing extension is anything like the one that would have been created from the currently-available script file.

extension_name

The name of the extension to be installed.Postgres Pro will create the extension using details from the fileSHAREDIR/extension/extension_name.control.

schema_name

The name of the schema in which to install the extension's objects, given that the extension allows its contents to be relocated. The named schema must already exist. If not specified, and the extension's control file does not specify a schema either, the current default object creation schema is used.

If the extension specifies aschema parameter in its control file, then that schema cannot be overridden with aSCHEMA clause. Normally, an error will be raised if aSCHEMA clause is given and it conflicts with the extension'sschema parameter. However, if theCASCADE clause is also given, thenschema_name is ignored when it conflicts. The givenschema_name will be used for installation of any needed extensions that do not specifyschema in their control files.

Remember that the extension itself is not considered to be within any schema: extensions have unqualified names that must be unique database-wide. But objects belonging to the extension can be within schemas.

version

The version of the extension to install. This can be written as either an identifier or a string literal. The default version is whatever is specified in the extension's control file.

old_version

FROMold_version must be specified when, and only when, you are attempting to install an extension that replaces an“old style” module that is just a collection of objects not packaged into an extension. This option causesCREATE EXTENSION to run an alternative installation script that absorbs the existing objects into the extension, instead of creating new objects. Be careful thatSCHEMA specifies the schema containing these pre-existing objects.

The value to use forold_version is determined by the extension's author, and might vary if there is more than one version of the old-style module that can be upgraded into an extension. For the standard additional modules supplied with pre-9.1PostgreSQL, useunpackaged forold_version when updating a module to extension style.

CASCADE

Automatically install any extensions that this extension depends on that are not already installed. Their dependencies are likewise automatically installed, recursively. TheSCHEMA clause, if given, applies to all extensions that get installed this way. Other options of the statement are not applied to automatically-installed extensions; in particular, their default versions are always selected.

Notes

Before you can useCREATE EXTENSION to load an extension into a database, the extension's supporting files must be installed. Information about installing the extensions supplied withPostgres Pro can be found in Additional Supplied Modules.

The extensions currently available for loading can be identified from thepg_available_extensions orpg_available_extension_versions system views.

Caution

Installing an extension as superuser requires trusting that the extension's author wrote the extension installation script in a secure fashion. It is not terribly difficult for a malicious user to create trojan-horse objects that will compromise later execution of a carelessly-written extension script, allowing that user to acquire superuser privileges. However, trojan-horse objects are only hazardous if they are in thesearch_path during script execution, meaning that they are in the extension's installation target schema or in the schema of some extension it depends on. Therefore, a good rule of thumb when dealing with extensions whose scripts have not been carefully vetted is to install them only into schemas for which CREATE privilege has not been and will not be granted to any untrusted users. Likewise for any extensions they depend on.

The extensions supplied withPostgres Pro are believed to be secure against installation-time attacks of this sort, except for a few that depend on other extensions. As stated in the documentation for those extensions, they should be installed into secure schemas, or installed into the same schemas as the extensions they depend on, or both.

For information about writing new extensions, seeSection 35.15.

Examples

Install thehstore extension into the current database, placing its objects in schemaaddons:

CREATE EXTENSION hstore SCHEMA addons;

Another way to accomplish the same thing:

SET search_path = addons;CREATE EXTENSION hstore;

Update a pre-9.1 installation ofhstore into extension style:

CREATE EXTENSION hstore SCHEMA public FROM unpackaged;

Be careful to specify the schema in which you installed the existinghstore objects.

Compatibility

CREATE EXTENSION is aPostgres Pro extension.