See thetrouble anddisgrace main page, as well as theFAQ and thePoliticalGraveyard privacy policy, for important explanations anddisclaimers. in chronological order | |  Jacob Leisler (c.1640-1691) — of New York,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Bockenheim, Holy Roman Empire (now part of Frankfurt am Main,Germany),about 1640.Fur trader;tobaccobusiness; following the English Revolution of 1688, which broughtProtestant rulers William and Mary to power, he led "Leisler'sRebellion" and seized control of the colony;ColonialGovernor of New York, 1689-91; provided land for a settlement ofFrench Huguenot refugees (now the city of New Rochelle); followingthe arrival of a new royal governor, he wasousted.Arrested,charged withtreason,tried,convicted,andsentenced todeath;executedbyhanginganddecapitation,in New York,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,May16,1691 (ageabout 51years). Four years later, he was posthumously exonerated by anact of Parliament.Original interment ata private or family graveyard, New York County, N.Y.;subsequent interment atDutchChurch Burial Ground, Manhattan, N.Y.; reinterment to unknownlocation; statue atBroadview Avenue, New Rochelle, N.Y. | | James Alexander (1691-1756) — Born in Muthill, Perthshire,Scotland,May27,1691.In Scotland, he joined the Jacobite Rising of 1715, arevoltthat attempted to install James Francis Edward Stuart (the "OldPretender") as king; to avoidprosecutionfortreason, hefledto New York;surveyor;lawyer;member New York governor's council, 1721-32, 1737;ColonialAttorney-General of New York, 1721-23.Member,AmericanPhilosophical Society.Died in New York,April 2,1756 (age64 years, 311days).Interment atTrinityChurchyard, Manhattan, N.Y. | | Robert Alexander (c.1740-1805) — of Maryland. Born in Elkton,CecilCounty, Md., about 1740.Planter;lawyer;Delegateto Continental Congress from Maryland, 1775-76.Episcopalian.When the Declaration of Independence was promulgated,fledfrom Maryland to the British Fleet; in 1780, he wasadjudgedguilty ofhigh treason, and his property wasconfiscated.Died in London,England,November20, 1805 (ageabout 65years).Burial location unknown. | | Andrew Allen (1740-1825) — of Philadelphia,PhiladelphiaCounty, Pa.Born in Philadelphia,PhiladelphiaCounty, Pa.,1740.Lawyer;Delegateto Continental Congress from Pennsylvania, 1775-76.Disapproved of the Declaration of Independence, and withdrew from theContinental Congress in June 1776; when the British Army entered NewYork, he took the oath of allegiance to the King, and went toEngland; he wasattaintedoftreason, and his estates in Pennsylvania wereconfiscated.Died in London,England,March7, 1825 (ageabout 84years).Burial location unknown. | | David Mathews (d. 1800) — of New York,New YorkCounty, N.Y.;NovaScotia.Lawyer;mayorof New York City, N.Y., 1776-83.In 1776, the New York Provincial Congress ordered hisarrestover hisinvolvement in a plot topoisonGen.GeorgeWashington; continued serving as mayor during British occupationof the city; in 1783, hefled toNova Scotia with other Loyalists.Died near Sydney,NovaScotia,1800.Burial location unknown. | | John Joachim Zubly (1724-1781) — of Savannah,ChathamCounty, Ga.Born in St. Gall,Switzerland,August27, 1724.Ordainedminister;Delegateto Continental Congress from Georgia, 1775-76;accusedoftreason against the Continental Congress andbanishedin 1777; half of his estate wasconfiscated;returned to Savannah in 1779.Presbyterian.Swissancestry.Died in Savannah,ChathamCounty, Ga.,July 23,1781 (age56 years, 330days).Interment atColonialPark Cemetery, Savannah, Ga. | | Joseph Galloway (1731-1803) — of Pennsylvania. Born in West River,AnneArundel County, Md.,1731.Member ofPennsylvaniastate house of representatives, 1757-75;Delegateto Continental Congress from Pennsylvania, 1774-75.Opposed independence for the Colonies and remained loyal to KingGeorge; joined the British Army; moved to England; in 1778, theGeneral Assembly of Pennsylvaniaconvictedhim ofhigh treason andconfiscatedhis estates.Died in Watford, Hertfordshire,England,August29, 1803 (ageabout 72years).Burial location unknown. | | Abraham Jones — ofRichmondCounty, N.Y.Member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from Richmond County, 1777-78; removed 1778.Expelledfrom the New York Assembly (his seat was declared vacant) on June 8,1778, for "being with the enemy.".Died on shipboard in theNorthAtlantic Ocean, en route back from Canada.Buried at sea in North Atlantic Ocean. | | Isaac Low (1735-1791) — of New York. Born in Raritan Landing (now part of Piscataway),MiddlesexCounty, N.J.,April13, 1735.Delegateto Continental Congress from New York, 1774.Was opposed to armed conflict with Great Britain;accusedoftreason andimprisoned;his property wasconfiscatedthrough abill ofattainder in 1779; moved to England in 1783.Died in Cowes, Isle of Wight,England,July25, 1791 (age56 years, 103days).Burial location unknown. | | Matthew Lyon (1749-1822) — of Eddyville,LyonCounty, Ky.Born in County Wicklow,Ireland,July14, 1749.Served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War; memberofVermontstate house of representatives, 1779-83;U.S.Representative from Vermont 1st District, 1797-1801; member ofKentuckystate house of representatives, 1802;U.S.Representative from Kentucky 1st District, 1803-11; defeated,1810.Convictedand jailed in 1789 under theSedition Act.Slaveowner. Died in Spadra Bluff,JohnsonCounty, Ark.,August1, 1822 (age73 years, 18days).Original interment atSpadraBluff Cemetery, Spadra Bluff, Ark.; reinterment in 1833 atRiverView Cemetery, Eddyville, Ky. | | Joseph Roffignac (1766-1846) — also known asLouis Philippe Joseph de Rouffignac — of New Orleans,OrleansParish, La.Born in Angoulême,France,1766.FledFrance in 1789 toescape theguillotine, presumably overdisloyalty to therevolutionary regime;mayorof New Orleans, La., 1820-28.Frenchancestry.Suffered astroke,and dropped the gun he was holding, whichaccidentallydischarged,shootinghim in the head and killing him, in Périgueux,France,1846(ageabout80 years).Burial location unknown. | | William Blount (1749-1800) — Born in Windsor,BertieCounty, N.C.,April 6,1749.Served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War; memberofNorthCarolina house of commons, 1781, 1783;Delegateto Continental Congress from North Carolina, 1782-83, 1786-87;member,U.S. Constitutional Convention, 1787; member ofNorthCarolina state senate, 1788;Governorof Southwest Territory, 1790-96;delegateto Tennessee state constitutional convention, 1796;U.S.Senator from Tennessee, 1796-97; member ofTennesseestate senate, 1798-1800; died in office 1800;Speakerof the Tennessee State Senate, 1798-99.Presbyterian.Became involved in aconspiracy to turn Florida over toBritish control; when this plot was uncovered in 1797, wasexpelledfrom the U.S. Senate; afterwards, on July 7, 1797, he wasimpeached,but the Senate dropped the matter for lack of jurisdiction.Slaveowner. Died in Knoxville,KnoxCounty, Tenn.,March21, 1800 (age50 years, 349days).Interment atFirstPresbyterian Church Cemetery, Knoxville, Tenn. | | Benjamin Sebastian — of Kentucky.Judge,Kentucky Court of Appeals, 1792-1806.Accused of being apaid agent of Spain; the charge wasinvestigatedby the Kentucky legislature, and heresigned indisgrace.Burial location unknown. | | Samuel Swartwout (1783-1856) — of New York,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Poughkeepsie,DutchessCounty, N.Y.,November17, 1783.He was participant inAaronBurr's "Western Conspiracy"; delivered a message from Burr toGen. James Wilkinson in New Orleans; subsequentlyarrestedin November 1806 formisprision of treason, but released a fewmonths later; early promoter ofrailroads;openly supported the Texas Republic in its war for independence fromMexico; served in the U.S. Army during the War of 1812;U.S.Collector of Customs at New York, N.Y., New York, 1829-38; in1838, it was alleged that he hadembezzledmore than $1.2 million from the New York customs house, andfledto England; later investigation implicated a subordinate of his ashaving obtained most of that money;forfeitedhis property and returned to the U.S. in 1841.Died in New York,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,November21, 1856 (age73 years, 4days).Interment atTrinityChurchyard, Manhattan, N.Y. | | Jonathan Dayton (1760-1824) — of Elizabethtown, Essex County (now Elizabeth,UnionCounty), N.J.Born in Elizabethtown, Essex County (now Elizabeth,UnionCounty), N.J.,October16, 1760.Served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War; memberofNewJersey state house of assembly from Essex County, 1786-87, 1790,1814-15;Delegateto Continental Congress from New Jersey, 1787-89;member,U.S. Constitutional Convention, 1787;U.S.Representative from New Jersey at-large, 1791-99;Speaker ofthe U.S. House, 1795-99;U.S.Senator from New Jersey, 1799-1805.Episcopalian.Member,Societyof the Cincinnati;Freemasons.Arrestedin 1807 onchargesof conspiring withAaronBurr intreasonable projects; gave bail and was released,but never brought to trial.Died in Elizabethtown, Essex County (now Elizabeth,UnionCounty), N.J.,October9, 1824 (age63 years, 359days).Entombed atSt.John's Churchyard, Elizabeth, N.J. | | John Smith (c.1735-1824) — of Columbia (now part of Cincinnati),HamiltonCounty, Ohio.Born about 1735. Democrat. Member ofNorthwestTerritory legislature, 1799-1803;delegateto Ohio state constitutional convention from Hamilton County,1802;U.S.Senator from Ohio, 1803-08; resigned 1808.Indictedin Richmond, Virginia, 1807 onchargesof participating intreasonous schemes withAaronBurr; the charges were dropped after Burr was acquitted. Laterthat year, a Senate committee chaired byJohnQuincy Adams recommended that Smith beexpelledfrom the Senate for hisassociation with Burr. Atrialwas held in April 1808; Smith was represented byFrancisScott Key andRobertGoodloe Harper. Theexpulsionresolution failed on a vote of 19 to 10, one vote short of thetwo-thirds required.Slaveowner. Died in St. Francisville,WestFeliciana Parish, La.,July 30,1824 (ageabout 89years).Burial location unknown. | | Aaron Burr (1756-1836) — also known asAaron Edwards — of New York,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Newark,EssexCounty, N.J.,February6, 1756.Democrat. Colonel in the Continental Army during the RevolutionaryWar;lawyer;member ofNew Yorkstate assembly, 1784-85, 1797-99, 1800-01 (New York County1784-85, 1797-99, Orange County 1800-01);New Yorkstate attorney general, 1789-91; appointed 1789;U.S.Senator from New York, 1791-97;VicePresident of the United States, 1801-05; KilledAlexanderHamilton in aduel,July 11, 1804;triedfortreason in 1807; found not guilty.Presbyterian.Slaveowner. Died, after severalstrokes,at the Winants or Port RichmondHotel,Port Richmond, Staten Island,RichmondCounty, N.Y.,September14, 1836 (age80 years, 221days).Interment atPrincetonCemetery, Princeton, N.J.| |  Relatives: Sonof Aaron Burr (1716-1757) and Esther (Edwards) Burr; brother of SarahBurr (who marriedTappingReeve); married,July 2,1782, to Theodosia (Bartow) Prevost (first cousin twice removedofFrancisStebbins Bartow); married1833 to Eliza(Bowen) Jumel; father of Theodosia Burr (who marriedJosephAlston); nephew ofPierpontEdwards; third great-grandson ofThomasWillett; ancestor ofKarlaBallard; first cousin ofTheodoreDwight andHenryWaggaman Edwards; first cousin four times removed ofAnsonFoster Keeler; second cousin ofJohnDavenport andJamesDavenport; second cousin once removed ofTheodoreDavenport; second cousin twice removed ofCharlesRobert Sherman; second cousin thrice removed ofCharlesTaylor Sherman,WilliamTecumseh Sherman,LampsonParker Sherman,JohnSherman andEvertHarris Kittell; second cousin four times removed ofChaunceyMitchell Depew,EzekielGilbert Stoddard,StillmanStephen Light andBlancheM. Woodward; second cousin five times removed ofAlfredWalstein Bangs,JohnClarence Keeler,LouisEzekiel Stoddard,JohnCecil Purcell andArthurCallen Kittell Jr.; third cousin ofBenjaminTallmadge; third cousin once removed ofFrederickAugustus Tallmadge; third cousin twice removed ofEliThacher Hoyt,GeorgeSmith Catlin,JohnAppleton,HowkinBulkley Beardslee,JosephPomeroy Root andEdwardWilliams Hooker; third cousin thrice removed ofGreeneCarrier Bronson,AbijahCatlin,DavidMunson Osborne,GeorgeLandon Ingraham,DwightArthur Silliman andCharlesDunsmore Millard; fourth cousin ofNoahPhelps andHezekiahCase; fourth cousin once removed ofParmenioAdams,ElishaPhelps,AmbroseTuttle,JesseHoyt,AbielCase,HenryFisk Janes,JairusCase,JohnLeslie Russell,GeorgeWashington Wolcott,WilliamDean Kellogg andAlmonCase. | | | | Political family:Keeler-Russellfamily of Canton, New York (subset of theFourThousand Related Politicians). | | | | Cross-reference:JonathanDayton —NathanielPendleton —JohnSmith —JohnTayler —WalterD. Corrigan, Sr. —CowlesMead —LutherMartin —WilliamP. Van Ness —SamuelSwartwout —WilliamWirt —TheophilusW. Smith | | | | See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Wikipedia article —NNDBdossier —Find-A-Gravememorial | | | | Books about Aaron Burr: Milton Lomask,AaronBurr: The Years from Princeton to Vice President,1756-1805 — Milton Lomask,AaronBurr: The Conspiracy and Years of Exile, 1805-1836 —Joseph Wheelan,Jefferson'sVendetta : The Pursuit of Aaron Burr and theJudiciary — Buckner F. Melton Jr.,AaronBurr : Conspiracy to Treason — Thomas Fleming,Duel:Alexander Hamilton, Aaron Burr, and the Future ofAmerica — Arnold A. Rogow,AFatal Friendship: Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr —H. W. Brands,TheHeartbreak of Aaron Burr — David O. Stewart,AmericanEmperor: Aaron Burr's Challenge to Jefferson'sAmerica — Donald Barr Chidsey,Thegreat conspiracy: Aaron Burr and his strange doings in theWest — Mike Resnick, ed.,AlternatePresidents [anthology] | | | | Fiction about Aaron Burr: Gore Vidal,Burr |
| | Lorenzo de Zavala (1788-1836) — also known asManuel Lorenzo Justiniano de Zavala ySáenz —of Mérida,Yucatan;La Porte,HarrisCounty, Tex.Born in Tecoh,Yucatan,October3, 1788.Active in politics in Mexico, 1812-34;imprisonedin 1814-17 by Mexican authorities over hisadvocacy of democraticreforms;delegateto Texas Consultation of 1835 from District of Harrisburg, 1835;delegateto Texas Republic Republic constitutional convention fromDistrict of Harrisburg, 1836;signer,Texas Declaration of Independence, 1836;VicePresident of the Texas Republic, 1836.Died, ofpneumonia,November15, 1836 (age48 years, 43days).Interment atdeZavala Family Cemetery, La Porte, Tex.| | Relatives: Sonof Anastasio de Zavala=y=Velázquez and Maria BárbaraSáenz=y=Castro; married1807 to TeresaCorrea=y=Correa; married,November12, 1831, to Emily West. | | | | Zavala County,Tex. is named for him. |
| | Albert Lange (1801-1869) — of Terre Haute,VigoCounty, Ind.Born in Charlottenburg, Prussia (now part of Berlin,Germany),December16, 1801.Republican. He belonged to a secret society whichadvocateda constitutional government for the German Empire; in 1824, theconspiracy was uncovered; he wasconvictedoftreason andsentencedto fifteen years in inprison;pardonedin 1829, and left Germany for the United States; U.S. Consul inAmsterdam, 1849-50;Indianastate auditor, 1861-63;mayorof Terre Haute, Ind., 1863-67.Died in Terre Haute,VigoCounty, Ind.,July 25,1869 (age67 years, 221days).Interment atWoodlawnCemetery, Terre Haute, Ind. | | Stephen Fuller Austin (1793-1836) — also known asStephen F. Austin;"Father ofTexas" —Born inWytheCounty, Va.,November3, 1793.Member ofMissouriterritorial legislature, 1814-19;delegateto Texas Convention of 1832 from District of San Felipe deAustin, 1832; took petition to Mexico City for the establishment ofTexas as a separate Mexican state, 1832;chargedwithattempting revolution, andimprisoneduntil 1835;delegateto Texas Convention of 1833 from District of Austin, 1833;delegateto Texas Consultation of 1835 from District of San Felipe deAustin, 1835; candidate forPresidentof the Texas Republic, 1836;TexasRepublic Secretary of State, 1836; died in office 1836.Member,Freemasons.Died ofpneumonia,inBrazoriaCounty, Tex.,December27, 1836 (age43 years, 54days).Original interment atPeachPoint Cemetery, Gulf Prairie, Tex.; reinterment in 1910 atTexasState Cemetery, Austin, Tex.| | Relatives: Sonof Moses Austin and Maria (Brown) Austin. | | | | Austin County,Tex. is named for him. | | | | ThecityofAustin,Texas, isnamed forhim. — Stephen F. AustinStateUniversity,Nacogdoches,Texas, isnamed forhim. — AustinCollege,Sherman,Texas, isnamed forhim. | | | | See alsoWikipediaarticle —NNDBdossier —Handbookof Texas Online | | | | Books about Stephen F. Austin: GreggCantrell,StephenF. Austin : Empresario of Texas |
| | Henry P. Scholte (1805-1868) — of Pella,MarionCounty, Iowa.Born in Amsterdam,Netherlands,September25, 1805.Republican.Preacher;joined the dissenters from the national church of the Netherlands;tried in1834 forteaching heresy,expelledfrom the church,fined,andimprisoned;helped organize a group which emigrated to Iowa in 1847;lawyer;postmaster;delegate to Republican National Convention from Iowa,1860.Dutchancestry.DiedAugust25, 1868 (age62 years, 335days).Interment atOakwoodCemetery, Pella, Iowa. | | Lorenzo Brentano (1813-1891) — also known asLorenz Peter Carl Brentano — of Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.Born in Mannheim,Germany,November4, 1813.Republican. In Germany, he participated in the 1849revolution; arrested andsentencedto lifeimprisonment;escapedto the United States; member ofIllinoisstate house of representatives 61st District, 1863-65; delegateto Republican National Convention from Illinois,1864;Republican Presidential Elector for Illinois,1868;U.S. Consul inDresden, 1872-76;U.S.Representative from Illinois 3rd District, 1877-79.Germanancestry.Died in Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.,September18, 1891 (age77 years, 318days).Interment atGracelandCemetery, Chicago, Ill. | | Joseph Barker (c.1806-1862) — of Pittsburgh,AlleghenyCounty, Pa.Born inAlleghenyCounty, Pa., about 1806.Mayorof Pittsburgh, Pa., 1850-51; defeated, 1851, 1852.In 1849, after ananti-Catholicspeech, he wasarrested,chargedwith usingobscenelanguage,obstructingthe streets, andcausing a riot,convicted,andsentencedto a year inprison;elected mayor in 1850 while still incarcerated. While mayor, he wastwicearrestedonchargesofassaultand battery. In 1851, he wasconvictedofriot.Struck and killed by arailroadtrain, in Ross Township,AlleghenyCounty, Pa.,August2, 1862 (ageabout 56years).Interment atAlleghenyCemetery, Pittsburgh, Pa.  | Patrick F. Egan (1841-1919) — of Lincoln,LancasterCounty, Neb.Born in County Longford,Ireland,August13, 1841.Republican. Irish home rule advocate;prosecutedin Dublin, 1880, forsedition;grain elevatorbusiness; delegate to Republican National Convention fromNebraska,1888;U.S. Minister toChile, 1889-93; caused a diplomatic rift between Chile and theUnited States, which almost led to war.Catholic.Irishancestry.Died in Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.,September30, 1919 (age78 years, 48days).Interment atSt.Raymond's Old Cemetery, Bronx, N.Y. | | Robert William Wilcox (1855-1903) — also known asRobert W. Wilcox — of Honolulu, Island of Oahu,HonoluluCounty, Hawaii.Born in Kahalu, Honuaula, Island of Maui,MauiCounty, Hawaii,February15, 1855.Delegateto U.S. Congress from Hawaii Territory, 1900-03.Leader of the Hawaiian revolution of 1889;triedfortreason, but acquitted by a jury. Was involved in therebellion of 1895 and subsequentlycourt-martialed,foundguilty, andsentenced todeath; the sentence was later commuted to 35 years;pardonedby the Hawaiian president in 1898.Died in Honolulu, Island of Oahu,HonoluluCounty, Hawaii,October23, 1903 (age48 years, 250days).Interment atCatholicCemetery, Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii. | | John Hays Hammond (1855-1936) — ofSanFrancisco, Calif.;SouthAfrica;Washington,D.C.; Gloucester,EssexCounty, Mass.Born inSanFrancisco, Calif.,March31, 1855.Republican.Miningengineer;worked on mines in Mexico and South Africa; worked for Cecil Rhodes;in 1895, he took part in the Jameson raid, anattempt tooverthrow the Boer government in South Africa; wasarrestedwith other leaders andsentencedto be hanged; his sentence was commuted, and he was eventuallyreleased to return to the U.S.; candidate for Republican nominationfor Vice President,1908;chair, U.S. Coal Commission, 1922-23.Member,AmericanAcademy of Arts and Sciences.Died, fromcoronaryocclusion, in Gloucester,EssexCounty, Mass.,June 8,1936 (age81 years, 69days).Interment atGreen-WoodCemetery, Brooklyn, N.Y. | | James Mark Sullivan (1873-1933) — also known asJames M. Sullivan — of New York. Born inIreland,1873.U.S. Minister toDominican Republic, 1913-15.Participated in the 1916 Easter Uprising in Ireland;arrestedby the British authorities, but not executed due to his Americandiplomaticpassport.Died in1933(ageabout60 years).Interment atGlasnevinCemetery, Dublin, Ireland. | | Earl Russel Browder (1891-1973) — also known asEarl Browder — of Yonkers,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.Born in Wichita,SedgwickCounty, Kan.,May 20,1891.Communist. As a result of his opposition to U.S. participation inWorld War I, he wasconvictedin 1917 ofconspiracyagainstthe draft laws andsentencedto sixteen months inprison;imprisonedagain in 1919;pardonedin 1933; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York, 1930 (6th District), 1932 (20thDistrict), 1940 (14th District); General Secretary of the CommunistParty of the U.S., 1934-44; candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1936, 1940;arrestedin 1939 for apassportviolation,convicted,andsentencedto four years inprison(sentence commuted after fourteen months); expelled from theCommunist Party, 1946.Died in Princeton,MercerCounty, N.J.,June 27,1973 (age82 years, 38days).Burial location unknown.  | Victor Luitpold Berger (1860-1929) — also known asVictor L. Berger — of Milwaukee,MilwaukeeCounty, Wis.Born in Nieder-Rehbach,Austria,February28, 1860.Socialist. Emigrated to the United States in 1878;schoolteacher;newspapereditor;U.S.Representative from Wisconsin 5th District, 1911-13, 1919,1923-29; defeated, 1904, 1920; candidate forU.S.Senator from Wisconsin, 1918; delegate to Socialist NationalConvention from Wisconsin, 1920; Chairman of Socialist Party, 1927-29.Jewishancestry. Member,InternationalTypographical Union.He andEugeneV. Debs founded the Socialist Party. HeopposedU.S. entry into World War I; in Chicago in 1918, he wastriedandconvictedunder theEspionage Act, andsentencedto twenty years inprison;elected to Congress anyway, he wasdenied aseat in 1919-21 to to allegeddisloyalty. In 1921, theU.S. Supreme Court reversed his conviction; the cases against himwere withdrawn; he resumed his seat in Congress in 1923.Injured in astreetcaraccident, and subsequently died, in Milwaukee,MilwaukeeCounty, Wis.,August7, 1929 (age69 years, 160days).Interment atForestHome Cemetery, Milwaukee, Wis.  | Eugene Victor Debs (1855-1926) — also known asEugene V. Debs — of Terre Haute,VigoCounty, Ind.Born in Terre Haute,VigoCounty, Ind.,November5, 1855.Socialist.Locomotivefireman on the Terre Haute and IndianapolisRailroad;secretary-treasurerof the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen in 1880-93; member ofIndianastate house of representatives, 1885;founder in1893 andpresident(1893-97) of the American Railway Union;arrestedduring astrikein 1894 andchargedwithconspiracyto commit murder; the charges were dropped, but he wasjailedfor six months forcontemptof court; became a Socialist while incarcerated; candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1900 (Social Democratic), 1904 (Socialist),1908 (Socialist), 1912 (Socialist), 1920 (Socialist); in 1905, was afounderof the Industrial Workers of the World ("Wobblies"), which hoped toorganize all workers in "One Big Union";convictedunder theSedition and Espionage Act for ananti-warspeech he made in 1918, andsentencedto ten years in federalprison;released in 1921.Member,Knightsof Pythias;American CivilLiberties Union.Died in LindlahrSanitarium,Elmhurst,DuPageCounty, Ill.,October20, 1926 (age70 years, 349days).Interment atHighlandLawn Cemetery, Terre Haute, Ind. | | Rose Pastor Stokes — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Communist.Indictedin 1918 forsedition over a speech she made in Kansas City,and released on bail;arrestedin Stamford, Conn., in September, 1921, to prevent her from giving aspeech there; candidate forboroughpresident of Manhattan, New York, 1921.Female.Burial location unknown. | | William F. Kruse (1894-1952) — also known asBill Kruse — of Illinois. Born in Hoboken,HudsonCounty, N.J.,1894.Bookkeeper;indictedin Chicago, 1918, along with former U.S. Rep.VictorL. Berger, and three others, for makingspeechesthat encourageddisloyalty and obstructedmilitaryrecruitment;triedandconvicted;sentencedto twenty years inprison;the conviction was later overturned; Socialist candidate forU.S.Representative from Illinois 6th District, 1918, 1920; delegateto Socialist National Convention from Illinois, 1920; Socialistcandidate forsecretaryof state of Illinois, 1921; Workers candidate forGovernor ofIllinois, 1928.GermanandDanishancestry.Died in1952(ageabout58 years).Burial location unknown. | | John Louis Engdahl (1884-1932) — also known asJ. Louis Engdahl — of Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.; Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Minneapolis,HennepinCounty, Minn.,November11, 1884.Telegraphoperator;newspaperreporter; later,writer andeditorfor Socialist and Communist publications;indictedin Chicago, 1918, along with former U.S. Rep.VictorL. Berger, and three others, for makingspeechesthat encourageddisloyalty and obstructedmilitaryrecruitment;triedandconvicted;sentencedto twenty years inprison;the conviction was later overturned; Socialist candidate forU.S.Representative from Illinois 7th District, 1918; delegate toSocialist National Convention from Illinois, 1920; candidate forU.S.Senator from Illinois, 1924 (Workers), 1926 (Workers Communist);Communist candidate forLieutenantGovernor of New York, 1930; Communist candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 7th District, 1931.Swedishancestry.Died, ofpneumonia,in Moscow,Russia,November21, 1932 (age48 years, 10days).Cremated. | | Irwin St. John Tucker — of Illinois. Socialist.Lecturer;indictedin Chicago, 1918, along with former U.S. Rep.VictorL. Berger, and three others, for makingspeechesthat encourageddisloyalty and obstructedmilitaryrecruitment;triedandconvicted;sentencedto twenty years inprison;the conviction was later overturned; candidate forU.S.Representative from Illinois 10th District, 1918; delegate toSocialist National Convention from Illinois, 1920.Burial location unknown. | | Adolph Germer (1881-1966) — of Belleville,St. ClairCounty, Ill.; Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Wehlau, East Prussia (now Znamensk,KaliningradOblast),January15, 1881.Socialist.Miner;unionofficial in various capacities for the United Mine Workers ofAmerica, 1906-16; member of Socialist National Committee fromIllinois, 1911; candidate forIllinoisstate house of representatives, 1912; candidate forU.S.Senator from Illinois, 1914; National Executive Secretary,Socialist Party of America, 1916-19;indictedin Chicago, 1918, along with former U.S. Rep.VictorL. Berger, and three others, for makingspeechesthat encourageddisloyalty and obstructedmilitaryrecruitment;triedandconvicted;sentencedto twenty years inprison;the conviction was later overturned; candidate forNew Yorkstate assembly from New York County 16th District, 1921.Member,UnitedMine Workers.Died in Rockford,WinnebagoCounty, Ill., May,1966(age85years, 0 days).Burial location unknown. | | Emil M. Herman (1879-1928) — of Seattle,KingCounty, Wash.; Everett,SnohomishCounty, Wash.Born in Kamnitz, Bohemia (now Kamienice,Czechia),August22, 1879.Socialist. Socialist candidate for Seattle city council, 1904;candidate forU.S.Representative from Washington, 1906 (at-large), 1908 (2ndDistrict), 1909 (2nd District); State Secretary, Socialist Party ofWashington, 1916-18;arrestedin 1918, andconvictedunder theEspionage Act;sentencedto ten years inprison;served three years and four months; candidate forGovernor ofWashington, 1924.Germanancestry. Member,IndustrialWorkers of the World.DiedOctober10, 1928 (age49 years, 49days).Burial location unknown.  | Elmer T. Allison (1883-1982) — of Seattle,KingCounty, Wash.; Cleveland,CuyahogaCounty, Ohio; Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Bethel,FairfieldCounty, Conn.; Washington.Born in Houstonia,PettisCounty, Mo.,December5, 1883.Communist.Sawmillworker;arrestedin Cleveland, 1919, onchargesof violating the state'scriminal syndicalism law; Workerscandidate forNew Yorkstate senate 14th District, 1926;poet.Member,IndustrialWorkers of the World.Died in Olympia,ThurstonCounty, Wash.,July 18,1982 (age98 years, 225days).Interment atWoodbineCemetery, Puyallup, Wash. | | Charlotte Anita Whitney (c.1868-1955) — also known asAnita Whitney — of California. Born about 1868. Communist.Socialworker; in 1919, she gave aradicalspeech in Oakland, California; as a result, she wasarrested,tried,andfoundguilty of violating the state'ssyndicalism law;pardonedby GovernorC. C.Young.; candidate forU.S.Senator from California, 1928, 1940 (Communist).Female.Died inSanFrancisco, Calif.,February4, 1955 (ageabout 87years).Burial location unknown. | | Benjamin Gitlow (1891-1965) — of Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.Born in Elizabeth,UnionCounty, N.J.,December22, 1891.Communist.Organizerandpresident,Retail Clerks Union of New York, 1913; member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from Bronx County 3rd District, 1918; defeated(Socialist), 1918;convictedoncriminal anarchycharges,1920;sentencedto five to ten years inprison;lost an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1925; candidate formayorof New York City, N.Y., 1921 (Communist), 1925 (Workers);candidate forVicePresident of the United States, 1924, 1928; Workers candidate forGovernorof New York, 1926; after 1939, he became an anti-Communistwriter andlecturer.Died in Crompond,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.,July 19,1965 (age73 years, 209days).Burial location unknown. | | G. August Gerber — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Socialist.Arrestedfor makingseditious utterances on March 26, 1920, inPhiladelphia, when police broke up aprotestmeeting, andchargedwithinciting to riot; released when the charges were droppedthe next day; candidate forNew Yorkstate assembly from New York County 18th District, 1921, 1922;candidate forU.S.Representative from New York, 1930 (19th District), 1932(at-large).Burial location unknown. | | Samuel Orr (1890-1981) — of Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.BornJuly 11,1890.Socialist.Lawyer;member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from Bronx County 4th District, 1918, 1920, 1921;defeated, 1918; expelled 1920; resigned 1920; delegate to SocialistNational Convention from New York, 1920; candidate forNew Yorkstate senate, 1922 (22nd District), 1928 (22nd District), 1933(21st District); candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 23rd District, 1926, 1930, 1932,1934; New York City Magistrate, 1941-51.Jewish.Expelledfrom the New York State Assembly over allegeddisloyalty,along with the other four Socialist members, April 1, 1920;re-elected to the same seat in a special election, but resigned inprotest when three other Socialist members were expelled again.Died, in MontefioreHospital,Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.,August29, 1981 (age91 years, 49days).Burial location unknown. | | Louis Waldman (1892-1982) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.Born in Yancherudnia, Russia (nowUkraine),January5, 1892.Socialist.Civilengineer;lawyer;member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from New York County 8th District, 1918, 1920;defeated, 1916 (New York County 10th District); expelled 1920, 1920;defeated, 1920 (New York County 8th District); candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 14th District, 1922; candidate forNew Yorkstate attorney general, 1924; candidate forJustice ofNew York Supreme Court 2nd District, 1927 (Socialist), 1937(American Labor); candidate forGovernor ofNew York, 1928, 1930, 1932;delegateto New York convention to ratify 21st amendment, 1933.JewishandUkrainianancestry.Expelledfrom the New York State Assembly over allegeddisloyalty,along with the other four Socialist members, April 1, 1920;re-elected to the same seat in a special election, andexpelledagain on September 21.Suffered a severestroke,and died four years later, in the JewishHomeand Hospital for the Aged, Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,September12, 1982 (age90 years, 250days).Burial location unknown. | | Charles Solomon (1889-1963) — of Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.BornOctober29, 1889.Socialist.Newspaperman;lawyer;member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from Kings County 23rd District, 1919-20, 1921;expelled 1920, 1920; defeated, 1927; delegate to Socialist NationalConvention from New York, 1920;expelledfrom the New York State Assembly over allegeddisloyalty,along with the other four Socialist members, April 1, 1920;re-elected to the same seat in a special election;expelledagain on September 21; candidate forLieutenantGovernor of New York, 1924; candidate forJustice ofNew York Supreme Court 2nd District, 1928, 1938; candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 8th District, 1930; candidate forU.S.Senator from New York, 1932; candidate formayorof New York City, N.Y., 1933; candidate forGovernor ofNew York, 1934; American Labor candidate fordelegateto New York state constitutional convention at-large, 1937.Jewish.DiedDecember8, 1963 (age74 years, 40days).Interment atMt.Lebanon Cemetery, Glendale, Queens, N.Y. | | August Claessens (1885-1954) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.; Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.Born inSwitzerland,1885.Schoolteacher; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York, 1914 (Socialist, 15th District),1924 (Socialist, 23rd District), 1928 (Socialist, 14th District),1930 (Socialist, 18th District), 1932 (Socialist, 14th District),1934 (Socialist, at-large), 1946 (Liberal, 10th District), 1948(Liberal, 8th District), 1950 (Liberal, 8th District); member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from New York County 17th District, 1918-20, 1922;defeated, 1915 (Socialist, New York County 26th District), 1916(Socialist, New York County 26th District); expelled 1920, 1920;defeated, 1920 (Socialist, New York County 17th District), 1922(Socialist, New York County 17th District), 1923 (Socialist, New YorkCounty 17th District), 1925 (Socialist, Bronx County 4th District),1937 (American Labor, Kings County 4th District), 1938 (AmericanLabor, Kings County 14th District), 1954 (Liberal, Kings County 14thDistrict); delegate to Socialist National Convention from New York,1920; Socialist candidate forLieutenantGovernor of New York, 1926; American Labor candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 11th District, 1940.Expelledfrom the New York State Assembly over allegeddisloyalty,along with the other four Socialist members, April 1, 1920;re-elected to the same seat in a special election, andexpelledagain on September 21.Died, following aheartattack, at Brooklyn JewishHospital,Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.,December9, 1954 (ageabout 69years).Interment atCedarGrove Cemetery, Flushing, Queens, N.Y.  | Samuel Aaron De Witt (1891-1963) — also known asSamuel A. De Witt;Sam DeWitt —of Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.; Queens,QueensCounty, N.Y.Born in1891.Socialist.Machinerydealer;poet;playwright;member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from Bronx County 3rd District, 1920; expelled1920; resigned 1920; defeated, 1920 (Bronx County 3rd District), 1924(Bronx County 7th District), 1926 (Bronx County 7th District), 1927(Bronx County 3rd District), 1929 (Bronx County 3rd District), 1932(Queens County 4th District), 1933 (Queens County 4th District);candidate forboroughpresident of Bronx, New York, 1925; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York, 1928 (22nd District), 1934 (2ndDistrict), 1935 (2nd District), 1936 (2nd District).Expelledfrom the New York State Assembly over allegeddisloyalty,along with the other four Socialist members, April 1, 1920;re-elected to the same seat in a special election, but resigned inprotest when three other Socialist members were expelled again.Died in Yonkers,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.,January22, 1963 (ageabout 71years).Burial location unknown. | | William Bross Lloyd (1875-1946) — also known asWilliam B. Lloyd;"The MillionaireSocialist" —of Winnetka,CookCounty, Ill.Born in Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.,February27, 1875.Socialist. Candidate forU.S.Senator from Illinois, 1918;arrestedin downtown Chicago, 1918, for refusing to remove aredflag from his limo; co-founder of Communist Labor Party, 1919;indictedforsedition, 1920; represented attrial byClarenceDarrow;convicted,sentencedto 1-5 years inprison;his sentence was commuted in 1922.Died, ofcancer,in the Ritz-CarltonHotel,Boston,SuffolkCounty, Mass.,June 30,1946 (age71 years, 123days).Cremated;ashes scattered in North Atlantic Ocean.| | Relatives: Sonof Henry Demarest Lloyd and Jessie (Bross) Lloyd; married to LolaMaverick and Madge Bird; grandson ofWilliamBross. |
| | George Edward Powers (b. 1892) — also known asGeorge E. Powers — of Watertown,MiddlesexCounty, Mass.; Astoria, Queens,QueensCounty, N.Y.; Detroit,WayneCounty, Mich.Born in Boston,SuffolkCounty, Mass.,February15, 1892.Sheet metalworker; candidate forboroughpresident of Queens, New York, 1929 (Workers), 1933 (Communist);Workers candidate forU.S.Senator from Michigan, 1930; in April 1932, he wasarrestedat City Hall Park, during ademonstrationwhich was characaterized as "riot";convictedof unlawful assembly, but the sentence was suspended; also in 1932,he was publiclyaccusedof taking part in an allegedCommunist conspiracy to causebank failures in Chicago byspreadingrumors (in a "whispering campaign" of "anti-bank propaganda"); hedenied this; Communist candidate forchiefjudge of New York Court of Appeals, 1932;vice-president,International Workers Order; Communist candidate forJustice ofNew York Supreme Court 2nd District, 1934; Communist candidateforNew Yorkstate assembly from New York County 10th District, 1936;following the Hitler-Stalin pact in 1939, he resigned from theCommunist Party, took part in anti-Communist organizations; atEarlBrowder's trial for passport fraud in 1940, he testified for theprosecution; Liberal candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 7th District, 1948, 1950.Burial location unknown.| | Relatives: Sonof George E. Powers and Sarah Powers. |
 | Isaac Newton Jenkins (1887-1942) — also known asNewton Jenkins — of Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.Born in Oak Hill,JacksonCounty, Ohio,August19, 1887.Schoolteacher; served in the U.S. Marine Corps during World War I;lawyer;candidate forU.S.Senator from Illinois, 1924 (Republican primary), 1930(Republican primary), 1932 (Republican primary), 1936 (UnionProgressive), 1938 (Democratic primary); Independent candidate formayorof Chicago, Ill., 1935.Member,FarmBureau;Freemasons;AmericanLegion.In 1938, he wrote and self-publishedThe Republic Reclaimed, abook whichblamedthe world's problems on Jews, and declared Adolf Hitler to be the"greatest German in all history." In early 1941, as part of anisolationist campaign to persuade Americans not to go to war withGermany, he anonymously helped organize nationwide distribution ofthepro-Nazi"Uncle Sam Crucifixion Circular", a detailed isolationist andantisemiticcartoon; his death saved him from beingprosecutedforsedition.Died, from aheartailment, in Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.,October16, 1942 (age55 years, 58days).Interment atAcaciaPark Cemetery, Norridge, Ill. |  | Farrell Dobbs (1907-1983) — of Minneapolis,HennepinCounty, Minn.; New York City (unknowncounty), N.Y.Born in Queen City,SchuylerCounty, Mo.,July 25,1907.Socialist.Truckdriver; became involved with a militant Teamsters Union local inMinneapolis in the 1930s, and helpedlead ageneral strike; joined the Socialist Workers Party in 1939;convictedin 1941 oftreason under the anti-CommunistSmith Act,and served one year inprison;Trotskyist Anti-War candidate formayorof New York City, N.Y., 1945; Socialist Workers candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960; national secretaryof the Socialist Workers Party, 1953-72;historian.Member,TeamstersUnion.Died in Pinole,ContraCosta County, Calif.,October31, 1983 (age76 years, 98days).Burial location unknown.  | James Patrick Cannon (1890-1974) — also known asJames P. Cannon — of New York. Born in Rosedale (now part of Kansas City),WyandotteCounty, Kan.,February11, 1890.Socialist. Candidate forU.S.Representative from New York, 1922 (Workers, 10th District), 1928(20th District); Workers candidate forGovernor ofNew York, 1924; openly supported Leon Trotsky's opposition toSoviet dictator Josef Stalin around 1928, and was expelled from theCommunist Party; became a major Trotskyist leader and theoretician,and one of the founders of the Socialist Workers Party; TrotskyistAnti-War candidate formayorof New York City, N.Y., 1941;arrestedin 1941 andchargedunder theSmith Act;convictedin 1943, and served sixteen months in federalprison.Irishancestry.Died in Los Angeles,Los AngelesCounty, Calif.,August21, 1974 (age84 years, 191days).Burial location unknown. | | Edward Elwell Spafford (1878-1941) — also known asEdward E. Spafford — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Brewster,PutnamCounty, N.Y.Born in Springfield,WindsorCounty, Vt.,March12, 1878.Republican. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War I;lawyer;National Commander, American Legion, 1927-28; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 14th District, 1930.Member,AmericanLegion.In 1941, during divorce proceedings, he wasaccusedof conspiring withGerman agents in America; in an interviewpublished in 1943 by journalist John Roy Carlson, he espousedstronglyantisemiticandpro-Hitlerviews.Died, in the Naval AcademyHospital,Annapolis,AnneArundel County, Md.,November13, 1941 (age63 years, 246days).Burial location unknown.| | Relatives: Sonof Hiram Duncan Spafford and Georgia F. Spafford; married,May 22,1912, to Lucille M. Stevens; married1922 toLillian Mercer Pierce. |
| | William Dudley Pelley (1890-1965) — of Asheville,BuncombeCounty, N.C.; Noblesville,HamiltonCounty, Ind.Born in Lynn,EssexCounty, Mass.,March12, 1890.Hollywoodscreenwriterin 1917-29 for about 12films,includingThe Light in the Dark andThe Shock, bothstarring Lon Chaney; founder (1933) and leader of theanti-SemiticSilver Legion of America organization (the "Silver Shirts",explicitly modeled afterAdolfHitler's Brownshirts); Christian candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1936;arrestedin April 1942 andchargedwithcriminal sedition;convictedandsentencedto fifteen years inprison;released in 1950.Died in Noblesville,HamiltonCounty, Ind.,July 1,1965 (age75 years, 111days).Interment atCrownlandCemetery, Noblesville, Ind. | | Gerald Burton Winrod (1900-1957) — also known asGerald B. Winrod — Born in Wichita,SedgwickCounty, Kan.,March 7,1900.Republican. One of the founders, in 1925, of the group Defenders ofthe Christian Faith; candidate forU.S.Senator from Kansas, 1938; sympathized with the Adolf Hitler andthe Nazis, and andblamedthe Depression and World War II on Jews, Catholics, and Communists;indictedin July 1942, with others, forsedition over an allegedconspiracy to cause insubordination in the Armed Forces in wartime; amistrial was declared and charges were dropped.Died in Wichita,SedgwickCounty, Kan.,November11, 1957 (age57 years, 249days).Interment atWhiteChapel Memorial Gardens, Wichita, Kan. | | C. Leon de Aryan — of San Diego,San DiegoCounty, Calif.Candidate formayorof San Diego, Calif., 1932.Chargedwithsedition during World War II; the charges were eventuallydropped.Burial location unknown. | | Robert Morss Lovett (1870-1956) — of Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.; Lake Zurich,LakeCounty, Ill.Born in Boston,SuffolkCounty, Mass.,December25, 1870.Progressive.Universityprofessor;novelist;playwright;Progressive candidate for Presidential Elector for Illinois,1924;secretaryof the U.S. Virgin Islands, 1939-43;Governor ofU.S. Virgin Islands, 1940-41;removed fromoffice as Secretary of the Virgin Islands, andbarredfrom federal employment, by action of the U.S. Congress in 1943, overhis ties toleft-wingand purportedlyCommunist individuals and groups; the actionwas later struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court as anunconstitutional bill of attainder, and he received about $2,000 insalary owed to him.Atheist.Died, in St. Joseph'sHospital,Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.,February8, 1956 (age85 years, 45days).Interment atGracelandCemetery, Chicago, Ill. | | Lorence Elmer Asman (b. 1924) — also known asLorence E. Asman;LarryAsman —ofKentCounty, Mich.Born in St. Louis,GratiotCounty, Mich.,January29, 1924.Republican. In 1941, he became a follower and associate ofanti-SemiticleaderGeraldL. K. Smith;arrestedby the Secret Service in 1943 for writing a "scurrilous" (presumablythreatening) letter to PresidentFranklinD. Roosevelt; served in the U.S. Army during World War II; authorof a inflammatory leaflet in 1946 titled20,000 Little BrownBastards which was widely distributed to stir upracialhatred against African-Americans; candidate forMichiganstate senate 16th District, 1960.Presumed deceased. Burial location unknown. | | Gerald Lyman Kenneth Smith (1898-1976) — also known asGerald L. K. Smith — of Shreveport,CaddoParish, La.; Detroit,WayneCounty, Mich.; Eureka Springs,CarrollCounty, Ark.Born in Pardeeville,ColumbiaCounty, Wis.,February27, 1898.Pastor;orator;political administrator and organizer forHuey P.Long, 1934-35; as awhitesupremacist, he joined and organized forWilliamDudley Pelley's Silver Shirts of America, an organization modeleddirectly on Adolf Hitler's Brownshirts; candidate forU.S.Senator from Michigan, 1942 (Republican primary), 1942; founderof the America First party;chargedwithsedition in 1944, as part of an allegedNaziconspiracy;triedalong with many others, but after seven months, a mistrial wasdeclared; America First candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1944; founder of the Christian NationalistCrusade; advocated deportation from the U.S. of Jews andAfrican-Americans.Disciplesof Christ.Died, ofpneumonia,in Glendale,Los AngelesCounty, Calif.,April15, 1976 (age78 years, 48days).Interment atChristof the Ozarks Cemetery, Eureka Springs, Ark. | | Joseph Ellsberry McWilliams (1904-1996) — also known asJoe McWilliams — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Hitchcock,BlaineCounty, Okla.,1904.Gavestreet-cornerspeeches in New York City, in which hedenouncedJews andpraisedAdolf Hitler;arrestedin 1940 when one of his speeches caused a riot;chargedwithsedition in 1944, as part of an allegedNaziconspiracy;triedalong with many others, but after seven months, a mistrial wasdeclared; candidate in Republican primary forU.S.Representative from New York 18th District, 1940.Died in1996(ageabout92 years).Burial location unknown.  | Corliss Lamont (1902-1995) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Englewood,BergenCounty, N.J.,March28, 1902.Socialist.Author;lecturer;arrestedon June 27, 1934, whilepicketingin support of alaborunion at a furniture plant in Jersey City, N.J.; chairman,National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, 1943-47; thisorganization and its leaders wereinvestigatedforsubversion by the U.S. House Committee on Un-AmericanActivities;chargedin 1946 withcontemptof Congress for his refusal to provide records demanded by thecommittee; in 1951, the U.S. State Departmentdenied apassport to him, based on his membership in what were deemed"Communist-front organizations"; on August 17, 1954, the U.S.Senatecitedhim withcontemptof Congress for refusing to testify before Sen.JosephR. McCarthy's subcommittee; subsequentlyindicted;pleaded not guilty; the indictment was dismissed in 1955; the Courtof Appeals upheld the dismissal in 1956; candidate forU.S.Senator from New York, 1952 (American Labor), 1958 (IndependentSocialist).Member,American CivilLiberties Union;NAACP;PhiBeta Kappa;AmericanAcademy of Political and Social Science.Died, ofheartfailure, in Ossining,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.,April26, 1995 (age93 years, 29days).Interment atBrooksideCemetery, Englewood, N.J. | | | Richard Morford (c.1903-1986) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Onaway,PresqueIsle County, Mich., about 1903.Presbyterianminister; vice-chair of New York American Labor Party, 1945-49;director, National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, 1946-80;this organization and its leaders wereinvestigatedforsubversion by the U.S. House Committee on Un-AmericanActivities;chargedin 1946 withcontemptof Congress for his refusal to provide records demanded by thecommittee;tried infederal court in Washington;convictedin March 1948; his conviction was overturned by the Supreme Court;convictedagain on re-trial;sentencedto three months in prison andfined$250.Presbyterian.Died, frompneumonia,in Madison,DaneCounty, Wis.,September7, 1986 (ageabout 83years).Burial location unknown.| | Relatives:Married to Aileen Hutson. |
| | Karen Morley (1909-2003) — also known asMildred Linton — of Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.; Santa Monica,LosAngeles County, Calif.Born in Ottumwa,WapelloCounty, Iowa,December12, 1909.Actress;her career ended in 1947, when she wasblacklistedas asuspected Communist; American Labor candidate forLieutenantGovernor of New York, 1954.Female.Died, frompneumonia,in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles,Los AngelesCounty, Calif.,March 8,2003 (age93 years, 86days).Cremated;ashes scattered in North Pacific Ocean. | | James Lustig (b. 1902) — of Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.; Newark,EssexCounty, N.J.Born in Budapest,Hungary,1902.Communist. Naturalized U.S. citizen;agent,United Electrical Workers; candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 22nd District, 1932; member, Joint Anti-FascistRefugee Committee; the group was investigated forsubversionby the U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities;indictedin 1947, along with other members, forcontemptof Congress over their refusal to provide records demanded by theHouse committee;convictedin 1947;sentencedto three months in jail, andfined$500.Hungarianancestry.Burial location unknown. | | Gus Hall (1910-2000) — also known asArvo Kustaa Halberg — of Youngstown,MahoningCounty, Ohio; Yonkers,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.Born in Virginia,St. LouisCounty, Minn.,October8, 1910.Communist.Lumberjack;steelworker;unionorganizer and one of the leaders of the steelworkers' strike in1937; candidate formayorof Youngstown, Ohio, 1937; served in the U.S. Navy during WorldWar II;indictedin 1948, andconvictedin 1949, under theSmith Act, of conspiring to teach theviolent overthrow of the U.S. government;fledto Mexico;arrestedin 1951 and sent back; spent eight years inprison;candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1972, 1976, 1980, 1984.Finnishancestry.Died, of complications fromdiabetes,in Lenox HillHospital,Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,October13, 2000 (age90 years, 5days).Interment atForestHome Cemetery, Forest Park, Ill. | | William Zebulon Foster (1881-1961) — also known asWilliam Z. Foster;William EdwardFoster —of Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.Born in Taunton,BristolCounty, Mass.,February25, 1881.Communist.Labororganizer; helped lead steelworkers strike in 1919; candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1924, 1928, 1932; candidate forGovernor ofNew York, 1930;arrestedafter ademonstrationin 1930, andjailedfor six months;indictedon July 20, 1948 under theSmith Act, andchargedwith conspiring toadvocate the overthrow of the government;never tried due to illness.Irishancestry.Died, in asanatoriumat Moscow,Russia,September1, 1961 (age80 years, 188days).Cremated;ashes interred atKremlin Wall Necropolis, Moscow, Russia; cenotaph atForestHome Cemetery, Forest Park, Ill. | | Eugene Dennis (1905-1961) — also known asFrancis Xavier Waldron;TimRyan —Born in Seattle,KingCounty, Wash.,August10, 1905.Communist.Unionorganizer;fledto the Soviet Union in 1929 to avoidprosecution;returned to the U.S. in 1935; General Secretary, Communist Party,1946-59, and Chairman, 1959-61;arrestedin 1948, along with other party leaders, andchargedwithadvocating the violent overthrow of the United States;convictedin 1949, andsentencedto five years inprison.Died, fromcancer,in Mount SinaiHospital,Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,January31, 1961 (age55 years, 174days).Interment atForestHome Cemetery, Forest Park, Ill. | | Benjamin Jefferson Davis Jr. (1903-1964) — also known asBenjamin J. Davis, Jr.;BenDavis —of Atlanta,FultonCounty, Ga.; Harlem, Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Dawson,TerrellCounty, Ga.,September8, 1903.Communist.Lawyer;candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 18th District, 1936; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York at-large, 1942; candidate forNew Yorkstate attorney general, 1946;arrestedin 1948, along with other party leaders, andchargedwithadvocating the violent overthrow of the United States;convictedin 1949, andexpelledfrom his New York city council seat; served more than three years inprison.Africanancestry.Died, fromlungcancer, in Beth IsraelHospital,Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,August22, 1964 (age60 years, 349days).Burial location unknown. | | Carl Winter (1906-1991) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Minneapolis,HennepinCounty, Minn.; Los Angeles,LosAngeles County, Calif.; Michigan.Born in1906.Communist. Candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 13th District, 1932; candidate forU.S.Senator from Minnesota, 1940;convictedin 1949 under theSmith Act, for conspiring to advocate theoverthrow of the government; served five years inprison.Died in1991(ageabout85 years).Interment atForestHome Cemetery, Forest Park, Ill. | | John Adams Kingsbury (1876-1956) — also known asJohn A. Kingsbury — of Yonkers,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.; Woodstock,UlsterCounty, N.Y.Born in Horton,BrownCounty, Kan.,August30, 1876.Progressive.School teacherand principal;superintendentof schools; Progressive candidate for Presidential Elector forNew York,1912;Commissioner of Public Charities, New York City, 1914-18; chairman ofthe National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, 1949-56; thisorganization and its leaders wereinvestigatedforsubversion by the U.S. House Committee on Un-AmericanActivities.Member,AmericanPublic Health Association.DiedAugust3, 1956 (age79 years, 339days).Interment atPioneer Cemetery, Union Gap, Wash. | | John Stewart Service (1909-1999) — also known asJohn S. Service — Born in Chengdu,China,August3, 1909.U.S. Consul inWellington, as of 1947.One of several U.S. diplomats whose wartime reports from Chinadetailed the weakness and corruption of Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalistgovernment, and and accurately predicted the triumph of the ChineseCommunists in the ensuing civil war. These reports were held againsthim as evidence ofdisloyalty, notably by Sen.JosephR. McCarthy, who in 1950 called him "a known associate andcollaborator with Communists." Under pressure from McCarthy, theState Departmentdismissedhim in 1951; he was reinstated by a unanimous ruling of the U.S.Supreme Court in 1956.Died in Oakland,AlamedaCounty, Calif.,February3, 1999 (age89 years, 184days).Burial location unknown. | | Howard Melvin Fast (1914-2003) — also known asHoward Fast;"E. V.Cunningham";"Walter Ericson" —of Teaneck,BergenCounty, N.J.Born in New York City (unknowncounty), N.Y.,November11, 1914.Communist.Novelist;in 1950, suspected ofsedition, he was called before the HouseUn-American Activities Committee, where he refused to name fellowmembers of the Communist Party;convictedofcontemptof Congress and sentenced to three months inprison;awarded theStalinPeace Prize in 1953; American Labor candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 23rd District, 1952.Jewish.Died in Old Greenwich, Greenwich,FairfieldCounty, Conn.,March12, 2003 (age88 years, 121days).Burial location unknown. | | William Albertson (1910-1972) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Detroit,WayneCounty, Mich.Born in Odessa, Russia (nowUkraine),May7, 1910.Communist. Candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 16th District, 1932; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 17th District, 1934;secretary-treasurer,Local 16, Hotel and Restaurant Workers Union.Indicted,along with other Communist leaders, by a federal grand jury inAugust, 1951;tried,in Pittsburgh, starting in November 1952, andconvictedin August, 1953, under theSmith Act, of conspiring toadvocate theviolent overthrow of the U.S. government;sentencedto five years inprison;the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the convictions in 1956. Expelledfrom the Communist Party in 1964 over claims that he served as anundercover police agent; in 1976, it was revealed that the charge wasfounded on a phony letter planted by the F.B.I.Died, in anautomobileaccident,February19, 1972 (age61 years, 288days).Burial location unknown. | | Irving Charles Velson (1913-1976) — also known asIrving C. Velson;Irving CharlesShavelson;Charles Wilson;"Nick";"Shavey" —of Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.;SanFrancisco, Calif.Born in New York City (unknowncounty), N.Y.,June 3,1913.Machinist;boilermaker;shipfitter;president,Local 13,ShipbuildersUnion; American Labor candidate forNew Yorkstate senate 11th District, 1938; served in the U.S. Navy duringWorld War II; in 1951 and 1953, he was brought to testify beforeCongressional committees about his Communist and Soviet activities,including efforts toinfiltrate the U.S. military with Sovietspies; he repeatedly refused to answer questions, invoking his FifthAmendment right againstself-incrimination;as a result, he was "barred forlife" by the Shipbuilders' union; later, served asinternationalrepresentative for the (West Coast) International Longshoreman'sand Warehousemen's Union.Venona Project documents (decrypted Soviet messages from the WorldWar II era), released in 1995, show that he was anagentfor Soviet military intelligence under the code name "Nick".Died inSanFrancisco, Calif.,February18, 1976 (age62 years, 260days).Cremated;ashes scattered in San Francisco Bay. | | William Howard Melish (1910-1986) — also known asW. Howard Melish — of Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.Born in Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.,May 11,1910.Episcopalpriest; vice-chair of New York American Labor Party, 1945-49;chairman, National Council of Soviet-American Friendship, 1947-51 and1971-78; this organization and its leaders wereinvestigatedforsubversion by the U.S. House Committee on Un-AmericanActivities;oustedin 1957 as rector of Holy Trinity Church in Brooklyn, over hisallegedlypro-Communist activities.Episcopalian.Died in Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.,June 15,1986 (age76 years, 35days).Interment atSpringGrove Cemetery, Cincinnati, Ohio.  | Israel Amter (1881-1954) — of Ohio; Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born inDenver,Colo.,March26, 1881.Communist.Musician;Workers Communist candidate forU.S.Senator from Ohio, 1928; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York, 1930 (23rd District), 1938(at-large); candidate forGovernor ofNew York, 1932, 1934, 1942; candidate forboroughpresident of Manhattan, New York, 1933.Indictedin 1951 for conspiring to teach and advocate theviolentoverthrow of the government, but due to poor health, was nevertried.Died, fromParkinson'sdisease, in ColumbusHospital,Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,November24, 1954 (age73 years, 243days).Burial location unknown.| | Relatives:Married1903 to SadieVan Veen. | | | | Image source: Marxists InternetArchive |
| | | William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868-1963) — also known asW. E. B. Du Bois — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Accra,Ghana.Born in Great Barrington,BerkshireCounty, Mass.,February23, 1868.Collegeprofessor;sociologist;historian;civil rights leader; Pan-Africanist; one of the founders of theNAACP; received theSpingarnMedal in 1920; member of New York American Labor Party ExecutiveCommittee, 1949; American Labor candidate forU.S.Senator from New York, 1950; in 1951, he and four other leadersof the Peace Information Center, which wasallegedto be acting on behalf of the Soviet Union, wereindictedfor their failure to register asforeign agents; the case wasdismissed in 1952, but hispassport waswithheld until 1958; awarded theLeninPeace Prize in 1959.Africanancestry. Member,NAACP.In 1895, he was thefirstAfrican-American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard University.Died in Accra,Ghana,August27, 1963 (age95 years, 185days).Entombed atDu Bois Memorial Centre, Accra, Ghana. | | Albert Jason Lima (1907-1989) — also known asAlbert J. Lima — ofSanFrancisco, Calif.; Oakland,AlamedaCounty, Calif.Born inMendocinoCounty, Calif.,August31, 1907.Communist. Candidate forU.S.Representative from California 1st District, 1940, 1942;Communist candidate for Presidential Elector for California,1972.Convictedin 1952 of conspiracy tooverthrow the United Statesgovernment; the verdict was overturned on appeal.Died, ofcancer,in Oakland,AlamedaCounty, Calif.,June 3,1989 (age81 years, 276days).Burial location unknown.| | Relatives:Married toHelenLima. | | | | Political families:FourThousand Related Politicians). |
| | Charles Wheeler Thayer (1910-1969) — also known asCharles W. Thayer — of Villanova,DelawareCounty, Pa.; Philadelphia,PhiladelphiaCounty, Pa.Born in Villanova,DelawareCounty, Pa.,February9, 1910.U.S. Vice Consul inMoscow, 1937, 1940;Berlin, 1937-38;Hamburg, 1939-40;Kabul, as of 1943; colonel in the U.S. Army during World WarII; head of the State Department's international broadcastingdivision, including the "Voice of America", 1947-49; U.S. ConsulGeneral inMunich, 1952-53; in March 1953, when attacks on hisloyalty by U.S. Sen.JosephR. McCarthy inspired a State Departmentinvestigationinto hisdiplomaticcareer, heresignedfrom the Foreign Service;writer.Died, duringheartsurgery, in Salzburg,Austria,August27, 1969 (age59 years, 199days).Interment atChurchof the Redeemer Cemetery, Bryn Mawr, Pa. | | William W. Weinstone (1897-1985) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Vilna (now Vilnius),Lithuania,December15, 1897.Communist.Labororganizer; Workers candidate forNew Yorkstate assembly, 1924 (New York County 17th District), 1927 (NewYork County 8th District); Workers candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 20th District, 1926; candidate formayorof New York City, N.Y., 1929; editor of the Communistnewspaper,The Daily Worker, 1931-32; candidate forU.S.Senator from New York, 1932;convictedin 1953 of advocating theviolent overthrow of the government,and served two years inprison.Died, in LaGuardiaHospital,Forest Hills, Queens,QueensCounty, N.Y.,October22, 1985 (age87 years, 311days).Burial location unknown. | | Elizabeth Gurley Flynn (1890-1964) — also known as"Rebel Girl" — of New York. Born in Concord,MerrimackCounty, N.H.,August7, 1890.Communist. Speaker andorganizerfor the Industrial Workers of the World ("Wobblies") in 1906-16; oneof thefoundersof the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), which later expelledher for being a Communist; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York, 1942 (Communist, at-large), 1954(Peoples' Rights, 24th District);convictedunder theanti-Communist Smith Act, andsentencedto three years inprison;released in 1957; became National Chair of the Communist Party U.S.A.in 1961.Female.Irishancestry. Member,American CivilLiberties Union;IndustrialWorkers of the World.Died inRussia,September5, 1964 (age74 years, 29days).Interment atForestHome Cemetery, Forest Park, Ill.  | Anne McCarty Braden (1924-2006) — also known asAnne Braden;Anne McCarty — of Louisville,JeffersonCounty, Ky.Born in Louisville,JeffersonCounty, Ky.,July 28,1924.Newspaperreporter;labororganizer; civil rights activist starting in the 1940s; in May1954, tofightsegregation, she and her husband bought a house in a whiteneighborhood on behalf of a Black family; this sparked furious andviolent opposition and the bombing of the house; she and others werechargedwithsedition; her husband was the first to be convicted, butthen, in 1956, all state sedition laws were struck down; Communistcandidate for Presidential Elector for Kentucky,1972.Female.Episcopalian.Died in Louisville,JeffersonCounty, Ky.,March 6,2006 (age81 years, 221days).Interment atEminenceCemetery, Eminence, Ky. | | | Arthur Asher Miller (1915-2005) — also known asArthur Miller — of Roxbury,LitchfieldCounty, Conn.Born in Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,October17, 1915.Democrat.Playwright;author of such plays as "Death of a Salesman" and "The Crucible";received thePulitzerPrize for Drama in 1949; because he wassuspectedof ties toCommunist organizations, hispassport wasdenied in 1954; compelled to testify before the House Un-AmericanActivities Committee in 1956; he refused to name his politicalcolleagues, and wasfoundguilty ofcontemptof Congress in 1957; the conviction was overturned on appeal;delegate to Democratic National Convention from Connecticut,1968.Agnostic.Jewishancestry.Died in Roxbury,LitchfieldCounty, Conn.,February10, 2005 (age89 years, 116days).Interment atGreat Oak Cemetery, Roxbury, Conn.  | John T. McManus (1904-1961) — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.; Montrose,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.Born in Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,November25, 1904.Reporterand movie critic for theNew York Times; movie and radiocritic forTimemagazine;entertainment editor forPM (newspaper);general manager,Weekly Guardiannewspaper;president,Newspaper Guild of New York, 1943-47;internationalvice president of the American Newspaper Guild;member, NewYork CIO Council; member of New York American Labor Party ExecutiveCommittee, 1945; candidate forGovernor ofNew York, 1950 (American Labor), 1954 (American Labor), 1958(Independent Socialist); in 1956, called before a U.S. Senatesubcommittee, he took the Fifth Amendment right againstself-incriminationin refusing to answer questions about theCommunist Party.Died, of aheartattack, in Montrose,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.,November22, 1961 (age56 years, 362days).Burial location unknown.| | Relatives: Sonof Edward J. McManus; married to Jane Bedell. | | | | Image source: The Militant, November24, 1958 |
| | | Rockwell Kent (1882-1971) — of Au Sable Forks,EssexCounty, N.Y.Born in Tarrytown,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.,June 21,1882.Artist;writer;member of New York American Labor Party Executive Committee, 1945;American Labor candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 33rd District, 1948; vice-chair ofNew York American Labor Party, 1949; chairman of the National Councilof American-Soviet Friendship, 1957-71; this organization and itsleaders wereinvestigatedforsubversion by the U.S. House Committee on Un-AmericanActivities; received theLeninPeace Prize in 1967.Died in Plattsburgh,ClintonCounty, N.Y.,March13, 1971 (age88 years, 265days).Intermentaprivate or family graveyard, Essex County, N.Y. | | Anthony Dryden Marshall (1924-2014) — also known asAnthony D. Marshall;Tony Marshall;Anthony Dryden Kuser —of Providence,ProvidenceCounty, R.I.; Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born in Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,May 30,1924.Republican. Served in the U.S. Marine Corps during World War II; U.S.Consul inIstanbul, as of 1958-59; U.S. Ambassador toMalagasy Republic, 1969-71;Trinidad and Tobago, 1972-73;Kenya, 1973-77;Seychelles, 1976-77; in 1971, he wasaccusedin press reports of involvement in a supposed plot tooverthrow the President, Philibert Tsiranana; the Malagasygovernment declared himpersonanon grata, andexpelledhim fron the country;theatricalproducer; guardian of his ailing mother, Brooke Astor; alleged tohavedivertedmillions of dollars to his own theatrical productions, andremovedworks of art from her apartment; his son Philipsued,allegingabuseand demanding hisremovalas guardian; an independent investigation found no evidence forabuse, but revealed financial misconduct;indictedin 2007, andtried on16chargesin 2009; the trial lasted six months; ultimatelyconvictedandsentencedto one to three years inprison;served eight weeks and was released on medical parole.Member,Rotary.Died, at New York PresbyterianHospital,Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,November30, 2014 (age90 years, 184days).Burial location unknown.
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