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PoliticalGraveyard.com

Politicians in Trouble or Disgrace

Politicians in Trouble or Disgrace:Fraud
Cheating throughdeception

Robert Cumming Schenck (1809-1890) — also known asRobert C. Schenck — of Dayton,MontgomeryCounty, Ohio.Born in Franklin,WarrenCounty, Ohio,October4, 1809.Lawyer;member ofOhiostate house of representatives, 1839-43;U.S.Representative from Ohio, 1843-51, 1863-71 (3rd District 1843-51,1863-67, 5th District 1867-69, 3rd District 1869-71); U.S. MinistertoBrazil, 1851-53;Great Britain, 1870-76; general in the Union Army during theCivil War.While U.S. minister to Great Britain in 1871, he promoted the sale ofshares in the Emma Silver Mine Company, of which was a director;quietly sold his own shares before news about the mine's depletioncaused their value to collapse. His diplomatic immunity enabled himto avoid facingfraudchargesin a British court.Died inWashington,D.C.,March23, 1890 (age80 years, 170days).Interment atWoodlandCemetery, Dayton, Ohio.

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in chronological order

Roderick Randum Butler (1827-1902) — also known asRoderick R. Butler — of Mountain City,JohnsonCounty, Tenn.Born in Wytheville,WytheCounty, Va.,April 9,1827.Republican.Tailor;postmaster;lawyer;member ofTennesseestate senate, 1859, 1893-1901;arrestedby Confederate authorities in 1862, andchargedwithtreason;eventuallyfledto Kentucky; colonel in the Union Army during the Civil War;delegateto Tennessee state constitutional convention, 1865; circuit judgein Tennessee, 1865;U.S.Representative from Tennessee 1st District, 1867-75, 1887-89;unanimouslycensuredby the U.S. House in March 1870, foracceptingpayment for his recommendation of a cadet to the military academyat West Point; a vote toexpelhim failed; in August, 1870, he wasarrestedforforgeryin connection with pensionfraud; in December, 1870, he wasindictedby a federal grand jury; in January, 1871, atrialwas begun, but following witness testimony, the case was dismissed;delegate to Republican National Convention from Tennessee,1872;member ofTennesseestate house of representatives, 1879-85.Slaveowner. Died in Mountain City,JohnsonCounty, Tenn.,August18, 1902 (age75 years, 131days).Interment atMountainView Cemetery, Mountain City, Tenn.
 
 Relatives:Grandfather ofRobertReyburn Butler.
 ThecommunityofButler,Tennessee (previously Smith's Mill) wasnamed forhim.
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Wikipedia article
 
 Cross-reference:JohnW. Chanler
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —U.S. State Dept career summary
 John W. Flaherty (1832-1904) — of Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.Born in Youghal, County Cork,Ireland,1832.Democrat.Shipcarpenter;contractor;Independent Democratic candidate forNew Yorkstate assembly from Kings County 7th District, 1874; BrooklynCommissioner of City Works;indicted,along withGeorgeC. Bennett, in December 1878, for conspiracy todefraudthe city of $50,000;triedandconvicted;fined$250; the conviction, which he claimed was the work of MayorJamesHowell and the corrupt "Brooklyn Ring", was reversed on appeal;Independent Democratic candidate formayorof Brooklyn, N.Y., 1879.Catholic.Irishancestry. Member,FriendlySons of St. Patrick.Died, fromBright'sdisease, in Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.,October26, 1904 (ageabout 72years).Interment atHolyCross Cemetery, Brooklyn, N.Y. Stephen Wallace Dorsey (1842-1916) — also known asStephen W. Dorsey — of Helena (now part of Helena-West Helena),PhillipsCounty, Ark.; Little Rock,PulaskiCounty, Ark.; Los Angeles,LosAngeles County, Calif.Born in Benson,RutlandCounty, Vt.,February28, 1842.Republican.U.S.Senator from Arkansas, 1873-79; delegate to Republican NationalConvention from Arkansas,1876,1880.Indictedin 1881 for his participation in the Star Routefrauds againstthe U.S. Post Office Department;triedtwice in 1882-83 and ultimately acquitted.DiedMarch20, 1916 (age74 years, 21days).Interment atFairmountCemetery, Denver, Colo.
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Wikipedia article —Find-A-Gravememorial
 Charles H. Houghton — of Metuchen,MiddlesexCounty, N.J.Born in New York. Colonel in the Union Army during the Civil War;lost aleg in a Civil War battle;U.S.Collector of Customs at Perth Amboy, N.J., New Jersey, 1875-82.Member,GrandArmy of the Republic.Arrestedin May 1882, andchargedwithembezzlement,fraud, andforgery;tried,convicted,andfined.Burial location unknown. Albert Hiram Lennox (1842-1907) — also known asAlbert H. Lennox;Albert HiramLenox —of Camden,CamdenCounty, N.J.Born in Trenton,MercerCounty, N.J.,December22, 1842.Shipbroker;commissionmerchant;Vice-Consulfor Haiti inPhiladelphia,Pa., 1877-83;Consulfor Greece inPhiladelphia,Pa., 1881-91;Consulfor Haiti inPhiladelphia,Pa., 1883-91; in 1891, he and other officers of some mutualbenefit associations werechargedin Philadelphia with obtaining moneyunder false pretenses; in1894, he resistedevictionfornon-paymentof rent; he was no longer consul, butfalselyclaimddiplomaticimmunity; the government of Haiti contradicted his claim, and ascandalresulted.Died in Camden,CamdenCounty, N.J.,July 4,1907 (age64 years, 194days).Interment atColestownCemetery, Cherry Hill Township, Camden County, N.J.
 Relatives: Sonof Elizabeth Jane Lenox and Hiram Lenox; married to EmmaStoy.
 See alsoFind-A-Gravememorial
 John Hampton Hoge (1856-1903) — also known asJ. Hampton Hoge — ofMontgomeryCounty, Va.Born in1856.Republican. In October 1893, he was appointed Consul at Amoy, China,and set out for San Francisco en route to his post; just beforeleaving town, hegave a bad check to settle a debt; on thetrain to San Francisco, he wasconspicuouslydrunk on the entire journey; PresidentClevelandrescindedthe appointment, and Hoge wasridiculedin newspapers all over the U.S.; candidate forU.S.Representative from Virginia 6th District, 1894, 1896; candidateforGovernor ofVirginia, 1901.Died in1903(ageabout47 years).Interment atWestview Cemetery, Blacksburg, Va.
 Relatives: SonofDanielHowe Hoge and Ann Hawes (DeJarnette) Hoge; brother ofSamuelHarris Hoge; married to Lulu Otey; first cousin ofJamesHoge Tyler.
 Political family:Hogefamily of Virginia.
 See alsoFind-A-Gravememorial —OurCampaignscandidate detail
 Louis Stern (c.1856-1901) — of St. Paul,RamseyCounty, Minn.Born inGermany,about 1856.Democrat. Naturalized U.S. citizen;newspaperreporter; U.S. Commercial Agent (Consul) inBamberg, 1893-1901.Jewish.Arrestedandfined inKissingen, Germany, 1895, forinsultingthe Baron von Thuengen; alsochargedwithmisrepresenting his 15-year-old son as being twelve inorder to get cheaper passage to Europe for him on a steamship; theU.S. Consul General in Berlin asserted that Mr. Stern was "veryharshly and unjustly treated".Depressed over financial problems and perceived anti-Semitism, hebeganneglectinghis work; he wasrecalledas commercial agent in 1901, but remained at Bamberg; hisfailureto return money he had collected on behalf of U.S. citizens ledto ajudgementagainst him for 2,000 marks, which he was unable to pay; he diedbyself-inflictedgunshot,in the public gardens at Bamberg,Germany,June10, 1901 (ageabout 45years).Burial location unknown. John Looney (1865-1942) — also known asPatrick John Looney — of Rock Island,RockIsland County, Ill.Born in Ottawa,La SalleCounty, Ill.,October5, 1865.Lawyer;newspaperpublisher;indictedwith others in 1897 over a scheme todefraud the city of RockIsland in connection with a storm drain construction project;convicted,but the verdict was overturned on appeal; candidate forIllinoisstate house of representatives, 1900; created and led acrimesyndicate in northwest Illinois, with interests ingambling,prostitution,extortion,and eventuallybootleggingandautomobiletheft;indictedin 1907 on 37 counts ofbribery,extortion,andlibel,but acquitted;shotand wounded by hidden snipers on two occasions in 1908; on February22, 1909, he wasshotand wounded in a gunfight with business rival W. W. Wilmerton; onMarch 22, 1912, afterpublishingpersonal attacks on Rock Island MayorHenryM. Schriver, he wasarrested,brought to the police station, andseverelybeaten by the mayor himself; subsequent rioting killed two menand injured nine others; resumed control of the Rock Island racketsin 1921; in 1922, he wasindictedfor themurderof saloon keeper William Gabel, who had provided evidence againstLooney to federal agents;arrestedin Belen, N.M., in 1924, and laterconvictedof conspiracy andmurder;sentencedto 5 years inprisonfor conspiracy and 14 years formurder;served 8 1/2 years.Irishancestry.Died, oftuberculosis,in asanitariumat El Paso,El PasoCounty, Tex.,1942(ageabout76 years).Burial location unknown.
 Relatives: Sonof Patrick Looney and Margaret Looney; married1892 to NoraO'Connor; nephew ofMauriceT. Maloney.
 See alsoWikipediaarticle
 John Hipple Mitchell (1835-1905) — also known asJohn H. Mitchell;John MitchellHipple —of Portland,MultnomahCounty, Ore.Born inWashingtonCounty, Pa.,June 22,1835.Republican.Lawyer;member ofOregonstate senate, 1862-66;U.S.Senator from Oregon, 1873-79, 1885-97, 1901-05; died in office1905;indictedin December 1904 in connection with the OregonLand Frauds; abriberycharge was added later;convictedin July 1905; died while his case was on appeal.Died in Portland,MultnomahCounty, Ore.,December8, 1905 (age70 years, 169days).Interment atRiverView Cemetery, Portland, Ore.
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Wikipedia article
 Frank P. Demarest — of Mont Moor,RocklandCounty, N.Y.; West Nyack,RocklandCounty, N.Y.Member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from Rockland County, 1888-89, 1891, 1900.Indictedseveral times onvariousoffenses in 1891-03;tried in1903 and acquitted;indictedonfraudchargesin 1904; he had presented claims against the Town of Clarkstown forservices he had not provided;tried inRockland County andconvictedon November 18, 1904.Burial location unknown. John Hicklin Hall (1854-1937) — also known asJohn H. Hall — of Portland,MultnomahCounty, Ore.Born inMultnomahCounty, Ore.,July 17,1854.Member ofOregonstate house of representatives, 1891-92;U.S.Attorney for Oregon, 1897-1904;removed fromoffice as district attorney;indictedin 1905 over his part in the OregonLand Frauds;convictedin 1908; laterpardonedby President Taft.Died in Portland,MultnomahCounty, Ore.,July 27,1937 (age83 years, 10days).Interment atRiverView Cemetery, Portland, Ore.
 Relatives:Father ofJohnHubert Hall; second cousin ofLouisBlasdel Ewbank.
 Political family:Hallfamily of Oregon.
Henry WulffHenry Wulff (1854-1907) — of Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.Born in Meldorf,Germany,August24, 1854.Republican.CookCounty Clerk, 1886-94; delegate to Republican National Conventionfrom Illinois,1892;Illinoisstate treasurer, 1895-97; president of Continental FinancingCompany, which in 1905 wasinvestigatedby the Illinois Attorney General as afraud scheme;chargedin federal court with using the mails todefraud, he and anassociatepleadedguilty in 1906, and weresentenced toprison.Member,Freemasons;Foresters;Redmen;Knightsof Pythias.Died in Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.,December27, 1907 (age53 years, 125days).Interment atUnionRidge Cemetery, Chicago, Ill.
 Relatives: Sonof Claus Wulff and Catherine Wulff; married1875 toKatherine Englehart.
 See alsoFind-A-Gravememorial
 Image source: Chicago Tribune, June 19,1905
 John Newton Williamson (1855-1943) — also known asJohn N. Williamson — of Prineville,CrookCounty, Ore.Born near Junction City,LaneCounty, Ore.,November8, 1855.Republican.Rancher;CrookCounty Sheriff, 1886-88; member ofOregonstate house of representatives, 1888-98;newspapereditor; member ofOregonstate senate, 1900-02;U.S.Representative from Oregon 2nd District, 1903-07;indictedin 1905 over his role in the OregonLand Frauds; after twojuries failed to reach agreement, he was finallyconvictedin January 1906; the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the verdict;postmaster.Died in Prineville,CrookCounty, Ore.,August29, 1943 (age87 years, 294days).Interment atJuniperHaven Cemetery, Prineville, Ore.
 Relatives: Sonof Joseph Williamson and Minerva Ann Williamson; married to SarahViletha Forrest.
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Wikipedia article —Find-A-Gravememorial
 Binger Hermann (1843-1926) — also known asDavid Binger Hermann — of Roseburg,DouglasCounty, Ore.Born in Lonaconing,AlleganyCounty, Md.,February19, 1843.Republican.Lawyer;member ofOregonstate house of representatives, 1866; member ofOregonstate senate, 1868-70;receiverof U.S. Land Office at Roseburg, Oregon, 1871-73;U.S.Representative from Oregon, 1885-97, 1903-07 (at-large 1885-87,1st District 1887-89, at-large 1889-93, 1st District 1893-97,1903-07); Commissioner of the General Land Office, 1897-1903;indictedin 1905 over his role in the OregonLand Frauds; in 1910, atrialresulted in a hung jury.GermanandEnglishancestry.Died in Roseburg,DouglasCounty, Ore.,April15, 1926 (age83 years, 55days).Interment atRoseburgMemorial Gardens, Roseburg, Ore.
 Relatives: Sonof Dr. Henry Mazzeny Hermann and Elizabeth (Hopkins) Hermann; marriedto Flora Ann Tibbetts.
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Wikipedia article —Find-A-Gravememorial
E. H. HarrimanEdward Henry Harriman (1848-1909) — also known asE. H. Harriman — of Arden,OrangeCounty, N.Y.Born in Hempstead,NassauCounty, Long Island, N.Y.,February25, 1848.Republican.Stockbroker;railroadmagnate; controlled the Union Pacific, Southern Pacific, IllinoisCentral and otherrailroads;his battle with James J. Hill for control of the Northern Pacificcaused an economic panic in 1901; he modernized every line he owned,creating a fast, efficient system; delegate to Republican NationalConvention from New York,1904;in 1905, prosecutors sought toprosecutehim for his role in the OregonLand Frauds, but he was neverindicted.Died in Arden,OrangeCounty, N.Y.,September9, 1909 (age61 years, 196days).Interment atSt. John's Episcopal Church Cemetery, Arden, N.Y.
 Relatives: Sonof Orlando Harriman and Cornelia (Neilson) Harriman; married1879 to MaryWilliamson Averell; father ofWilliamAverell Harriman.
 Political families:Harrimanfamily of Arden, New York;Wadsworth-Whitney-Symingtonfamily of New York (subsets of theFourThousand Related Politicians).
 See alsoWikipediaarticle —Find-A-Gravememorial
 Image source: American Monthly Reviewof Reviews, April 1902
 Joseph B. Bistline (1862-1946) — also known asJoe Bistline — of Pocatello,BannockCounty, Idaho.Born in Andersonburg,PerryCounty, Pa.,April10, 1862.Democrat.Lawyer;lumberbusiness;mayorof Pocatello, Idaho, 1899; in October 1913, the U.S. DistrictAttorney for Idahosued himfor $8,000, the value of landfraudulently obtained from thegovernment; after a trial in federal court, he wasordered topay $600; this verdict was upheld on appeal.Died in Pocatello,BannockCounty, Idaho,October31, 1946 (age84 years, 204days).Interment atMountainView Cemetery, Pocatello, Idaho.
 Relatives: Sonof Benjamin Bistline and Jane Elizabeth (Nesbitt) Bistline; brotherofJohnMcClintock Bistline; married to Grace Gross; uncle ofFrancisMarion Bistline; granduncle ofBeverlyBarbara Bistline.
 Political family:Bistlinefamily of Pocatello, Idaho.
 See alsoFind-A-Gravememorial
 William H. Reynolds (1868-1931) — of Long Beach,NassauCounty, Long Island, N.Y.Born in Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.,February29, 1868.Republican.Builder;realestate developer; member ofNew Yorkstate senate 3rd District, 1894-95;indictedby a grand jury in August 1917 forperjury,over his 1912 expert testimony on the value of land sought by thecity for a park; the grand jury alleged that hefalselydenied anypersonalinterest in the realty company which owned the property; alsoindictedin October 1917, with three others, for conspiracydefraud thecity of $500,000 by inflating the appraisal; the indictments weredismissed in May 1920 over the prosecutor's delay of the trial;villagepresident of Long Beach, New York, 1921-22;mayorof Long Beach, N.Y., 1922-24; removed 1924; defeated, 1925;indictedon May 1, 1924, along with the Long Beach city treasurer, formisappropriatingcity funds in connection with a bond issue;tried inJune 1924,convicted,sentencedto six months in thecountyjail, and automaticallyremoved fromoffice as mayor; released pending appeal; the Appellate Divisionreversed the conviction in June 1925 and ordered a new trial; theindictment was dismissed in June 1927.EnglishandScotch-Irishancestry. Member,Elks;Freemasons.Died, fromheartdisease, in Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,October13, 1931 (age63 years, 227days).Interment atGreen-WoodCemetery, Brooklyn, N.Y.
 Relatives: Sonof William Reynolds and Margaret (McChesney) Reynolds; married toElise Guerrier.
 Harry Micajah Daugherty (1860-1941) — also known asHarry M. Daugherty — of Washington Court House,FayetteCounty, Ohio; Columbus,FranklinCounty, Ohio.Born in Washington Court House,FayetteCounty, Ohio,January26, 1860.Republican.Lawyer;FayetteCounty Prosecuting Attorney; member ofOhiostate house of representatives, 1890-94; delegate to RepublicanNational Convention from Ohio,1904,1908,1912,1924;U.S.Attorney General, 1921-24.Methodist.Scotch-Irishancestry.Subject of a Senateinvestigationof hisconductas Attorney General;resignedunder fire;indictedon charges of conspiracy todefraud the U.S. government, butacquitted in 1927.Died in Columbus,FranklinCounty, Ohio,October12, 1941 (age81 years, 259days).Interment atWashingtonCemetery, Washington Court House, Ohio.
 Relatives: Sonof John H. Daugherty and Jane A. (Draper) Daugherty; married,September3, 1884, to Lucie Walker.
 See alsoWikipediaarticle —NNDBdossier
 Books by Harry M. Daugherty:InsideStory of the Harding Tragedy (1932)
 Motley H. Flint (1864-1930) — of Los Angeles,LosAngeles County, Calif.Born in Somerville,MiddlesexCounty, Mass.,February19, 1864.Republican. Postmaster atLosAngeles, Calif., 1904-10;banker;provided critical support for the Warner BrothersMoviestudio in its early years; one of the promoters of JulianPetroleum Corporation, aPonzi scheme which collapsed in 1927;about 40,000 investors lost their money; tainted by thescandal,he moved to Europe for a time.Member,Freemasons.Called as a witness in a civil suit involvingDavidO. Selznick; after his testimony, as he returned to the audiencesection of thecourtroom,in Los AngelesCityHall, he wasshot andkilledby Frank Keaton, in Los Angeles,Los AngelesCounty, Calif.,July 14,1930 (age66 years, 145days). Keaton, who had lost his money in Julian Petroleum, wasimmediately arrested, and subsequently tried, convicted, and hanged.Entombed in mausoleum atForestLawn Memorial Park, Glendale, Calif.
 Relatives: Sonof Francis Eaton Flint and Althea Louise (Hewes) Flint; brother ofFrankPutnam Flint; third cousin thrice removed ofJudahDana; fourth cousin once removed ofBenjaminDexter Sprague.
 Political families:FourThousand Related Politicians).
 See alsoFind-A-Gravememorial
 Maurice E. Connolly (1881-1935) — of Corona, Queens,QueensCounty, N.Y.; Forest Hills Gardens, Queens,QueensCounty, N.Y.Born in Corona, Queens,QueensCounty, N.Y.,1881.Democrat.Lawyer;boroughpresident of Queens, New York, 1911-28; resigned 1928; delegateto Democratic National Convention from New York,1912,1916,1924;candidate forJustice ofNew York Supreme Court 2nd District, 1918;resignedas borough president in April, 1928 during aninvestigationof a sewer graftscandal;convictedin October 1928 of conspiracy todefraud the city;sentencedto one year inprisonandfined$500; following an unsuccessful appeal, he served theprisonsentence in 1930-31.Irishancestry.Died, from acerebralhemorrhage, in Forest Hills Gardens, Queens,QueensCounty, N.Y.,November24, 1935 (ageabout 54years).Interment atMountSt. Mary Cemetery, Flushing, Queens, N.Y.
 Relatives: Sonof Maurice Connolly and Mary Jane Connolly; married to Helen M.Connell; father of Helen F. Connolly (daughter-in-law ofLeanderBernard Faber).
 Cross-reference:ClarenceJ. Shearn
Daniel R. CrissingerDaniel Richard Crissinger (1860-1942) — also known asDaniel R. Crissinger — of Marion,MarionCounty, Ohio.Born in Tully Township,MarionCounty, Ohio,December10, 1860.Democrat.Lawyer;MarionCounty Prosecuting Attorney, 1889-94; Marion city solicitor,1895-1900; one of the organizers of the Marion CountyTelephoneCompany; candidate forU.S.Representative from Ohio 13th District, 1904, 1906;banker;U.S. Comptroller of the Currency, 1921-23; member, board ofgovernors, Federal Reserve, 1923-27; in December 1929, he, along withU.S. Rep.FrederickN. Zihlman, and five others, officers of the F. H. Smith Company,which had promoted and sold apparently worthless securities, wereindictedon federalchargesof using the mails to commitfraud; most of those indictedwent to prison, but Crissinger and Zihlman were never tried, andcharges against them were dismissed in 1932.Germanancestry. Member,Freemasons;Shriners;KnightsTemplar;Elks;Knightsof Pythias;Eagles.Died in Marion,MarionCounty, Ohio,July 12,1942 (age81 years, 214days).Interment atMarionCemetery, Marion, Ohio.
 Relatives: Sonof John Crissinger and Margaret Ganshorn (Dunham) Crissinger; married1888 toElla Frances Scranton.
 See alsoWikipedia article —Find-A-Gravememorial —FederalReserve History
 Image source: Federal ReserveHistory
 Frederick Nicholas Zihlman (1879-1935) — also known asFrederick N. Zihlman — of Cumberland,AlleganyCounty, Md.Born in Carnegie,AlleghenyCounty, Pa.,October2, 1879.Republican.Glassblower;president,Maryland Federation of Labor, 1906-07; member ofMarylandstate senate, 1910-17;U.S.Representative from Maryland 6th District, 1917-31; defeated,1914, 1930;investigatedin 1924 by the U.S. House over anaccusationthat heaccepted abribe of $5,000 from a "fixer"; the charges were notsubstantiated; delegate to Republican National Convention fromMaryland,1928(member,ResolutionsCommittee); in December 1929, he,DanielR. Crissinger, and five others, officers of the F. H. SmithCompany, which had promoted and sold apparently worthless securities,wereindictedon federalchargesof using the mails to commitfraud; most of those indictedwent to prison, but Zihlman and Crissinger were never tried, andcharges against them were dismissed in 1932.Methodist.Swissancestry. Member,Moose.Died in Cumberland,AlleganyCounty, Md.,April22, 1935 (age55 years, 202days).Interment atSt.John the Evangelist Cemetery, Forest Glen, Md.
 Relatives: Sonof Nicholas Zihlman and Julia (Etzel) Zihlman; married to Margaret C.Dahl.
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Find-A-Gravememorial
Samuel InsullSamuel Insull (1859-1938) — of Chicago,CookCounty, Ill.; Kenilworth,CookCounty, Ill.; near Libertyville,LakeCounty, Ill.Born in London,England,November11, 1859.Republican. Associate of Thomas Edison and executive ofelectricutilities; one of the founders of the company that became GeneralElectric; also had major holdings inrailroads;alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Illinois,1904;when his utility holding company collapsed, wiping out thestockholders, hefledthe country;indictedin 1932 onfraud andembezzlementcharges;ultimatelyextraditedfrom Turkey in 1934;tried inChicago and found not guilty.Congregationalist.Member,UnionLeague.Died from aheartattack, in the Place de la Concordestationon the Paris Métro subway system, Paris,France,July16, 1938 (age78 years, 247days).Interment atPutneyVale Cemetery, London, England.
 Relatives: Sonof Samuel Insull and Emma (Short) Insull; married,May 24,1899, to Margaret A. Bird.
 Cross-reference:ForestA. Harness
 See alsoWikipediaarticle
 Image source: Time Magazine, November29, 1926
 Stephen J. Stilwell (1866-1942) — of Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.; Mamaroneck,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.Born in New York,May 10,1866.Democrat.Lawyer;member ofNew Yorkstate senate 21st District, 1909-13; removed 1913;chargedin 1913 withextortingabribeof $3,500 from George H. Kendall, president of the New York Bank Notecompany, over a bill that Kendall supported;tried inthe State Senate and found not guilty on April 15 by a vote of 28 to21;indictedon May 12 by a grand jury forsolicitinga bribe;triedsoon after, andconvictedon May 24; this removed him from office;sentencedto four to eight years inprison;after his release, he moved to Mamaroneck and entered therealestate business;indictedin 1934 on charges that hedefrauded his former stenographerof $9,000 when she came to him seeking a Naval Academy appointmentfor her son, but the case did not go to trial;arrestedin March 1941 andindictedin April on charges that he attempted tobribea Mamaroneck village trustee $1,000 to obtain a police job for anassociate;pleadedguilty, but never sentenced; while incarcerated, hislegs wereamputated.Died, while aprisonerawaiting sentence, in GrasslandsHospital,Valhalla,WestchesterCounty, N.Y.,April20, 1942 (age75 years, 345days).Burial location unknown.
 Relatives: Sonof Mary Delia (Archer) Stilwell and William Jewitt Stilwell; married,February14, 1887, to Celia A. Blanck.
 Washington Irving Vanderpoel (born c.1880) — also known asW. Irving Vanderpoel — of Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.; Freeport,NassauCounty, Long Island, N.Y.Born in New York, about 1880. Democrat.Newspaperreporter;insurancebroker;villagepresident of Freeport, New York, 1925-26; candidate forU.S.Representative from New York 1st District, 1926.Dutchancestry.Indictedin December 1936, along with his brother Edwin and others, by afederal grand jury, over his involvement in astock swindle;found not guilty, but his brother was convicted.Burial location unknown.
 Presumably namedfor:WashingtonIrving
 Relatives: Son of Edwin ColburnVanderpoel.
 Jacob P. Nathanson (1901-1986) — of Brooklyn,KingsCounty, N.Y.; Lake Worth (now Lake Worth Beach),Palm BeachCounty, Fla.Born inRussia,February21, 1901.Democrat.Lawyer;member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from Kings County 14th District, 1927-33; defeatedin primary, 1933.Jewish.Chargedin 1930 withprofessionalmisconduct by the Brooklyn Bar Association, over his handling ofa client's $500 bail payment;suspendedfrom the practice of law in 1931, and ordered topayrestitution.Indictedin October and November 1938 onchargesofforgery,grandlarceny, andsubornationof perjury, over his involvement infraudulent bail bonds;pleadedguilty tosubornationof perjury, and testified against other conspirators;disbarredin 1939.Died inPalm BeachCounty, Fla.,March 2,1986 (age85 years, 9days).Intermentsomewherein Palm Beach County, Fla. Nathan Lieberman (c.1888-1939) — also known asLeonard Madden — of Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.Born about 1888. Republican.Lawyer;alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from New York,1912;member ofNew Yorkstate assembly from New York County 17th District, 1921; in March1939, he wascharged,along with two others, over astock fraud scheme; he pleadednot guilty and was released on bail; meanwhile, in a separate case,he wasindictedin Broome County.Member,Freemasons;Elks.Died, apparently ofpneumonia,while attempting tokillhimself withpoison,in his room at the TudorHotel(where he had registered under the assumed name "Leonard Madden"),Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,March12, 1939 (ageabout 51years).Burial location unknown.Frank D. McKayFrank D. McKay (1883-1965) — of Grand Rapids,KentCounty, Mich.Born in Grand Rapids,KentCounty, Mich.,November4, 1883.Republican.Financier;political boss who dominated Republican politics in Michigan foryears; delegate to Republican National Convention from Michigan,1920,1928,1932(alternate),1936,1940,1944;Michiganstate treasurer, 1925-30;investigatedby a grand jury in 1931 over hishandlingof state funds while Treasurer; member ofRepublicanNational Committee from Michigan, 1940-44; subject of threefederal grand juryinvestigationsin 1940 over allegedfraud,extortionandkickbacks;indictedin 1944 forbriberyof state legislators; hired aPurpleGang figure tomurderthe star witness, State Sen.WarrenG. Hooper, and the case collapsed;chargedin 1945, along withWilliamMcKeighan, with conspiracy toviolatestate liquor laws;tried in1946; the judge directed a verdict of not guilty.Died in Miami Beach, Dade County (nowMiami-DadeCounty), Fla.,January12, 1965 (age81 years, 69days).Entombed atGreenwoodCemetery, Grand Rapids, Mich.
 Relatives: Sonof James D. McKay and Ellen (Zimmerman) McKay; married,May 31,1906, to Agnes Christine Hermansen.
 Cross-reference:EdwardN. Barnard —WilliamGreen
 See alsoFind-A-Gravememorial
 Image source: Michigan Manual1927
 James Michael Curley (1874-1958) — also known asJames M. Curley;"The RascalKing" —of Jamaica Plain, Boston,SuffolkCounty, Mass.Born in Boston,SuffolkCounty, Mass.,November20, 1874.Democrat.Realestate andinsurancebusiness; president, Hibernia SavingsBank;member ofMassachusettsstate house of representatives, 1902-03;U.S.Representative from Massachusetts, 1911-14, 1943-47 (10thDistrict 1911-13, 12th District 1913-14, 11th District 1943-47);resigned 1914;mayor ofBoston, Mass., 1914-18, 1922-26, 1930-34, 1946-50; defeated,1917, 1937, 1941, 1949, 1951, 1955; delegate to Democratic NationalConvention from Massachusetts,1928,1936,1940,1944,1948,1952,1956;Governorof Massachusetts, 1935-37; defeated, 1924, 1938; candidate forU.S.Senator from Massachusetts, 1936; member ofDemocraticNational Committee from Massachusetts, 1940-54;indictedin federal court in 1943, withDonaldW. Smith and others, over his participation in Engineers Group,Inc., whichfraudulently obtained war contracts;re-indictedin 1944;tried in1945-46 andconvicted;sentencedto six to eighteen months inprisonandfined$1,000; released in November 1947 when his sentence was commuted byPresidentHarryTruman.Catholic.Irishancestry. Member,Eagles;Moose;Elks;Knightsof Columbus;AncientOrder of Hibernians.Died in Boston,SuffolkCounty, Mass.,November12, 1958 (age83 years, 357days).Interment atMt. Calvary Cemetery, Roslindale, Boston, Mass.
 Relatives: Sonof Michael Curley and Sarah (Clancy) Curley; brother ofJohnJ. Curley; married,June 27,1906, to Mary Emelda Herlihy; married,January7, 1937, to Gertrude Marion (Casey) Dennis.
 Cross-reference:JosephSantosuosso
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —NationalGovernors Association biography —Wikipediaarticle —NNDBdossier —Find-A-Gravememorial
 Books about James M. Curley: JackBeatty,TheRascal King: The Life and Times of James MichaelCurley — Gerald Leinwand,Mackerelsin the Moonlight : Four Corrupt American Mayors —William M. Bulger & Robert J. Allison,JamesMichael Curley
 Donald Wakefield Smith — also known asDonald W. Smith — of Pittsburgh,AlleghenyCounty, Pa.;Washington,D.C.Democrat. Member, National Labor Relations Board, 1936-39;indictedin federal court in 1943, withJamesM. Curley and others, over his participation in Engineers Group,Inc., whichfraudulently obtained war contracts;re-indictedin 1944;tried in1945-46 andconvicted;sentencedto four months to one year and one day inprisonandfined$1,000.Burial location unknown. Major B. Coxson (c.1929-1973) — of Camden,CamdenCounty, N.J.Born about 1929.Convicted10 times onfraud andlarcenycharges,most related toautomobiletheft; served 22 months in federalprison;candidate formayor ofCamden, N.J., 1973.Africanancestry.Admitted four men to his house, who bound and gagged him and hisfamily, andshoteach one,killinghim and wounding the others, in Cherry Hill,CamdenCounty, N.J.,June 9,1973 (ageabout 44years).Burial location unknown. Jack Paul Faustin Gremillion (1914-2001) — also known asJack P. F. Gremillion — of Baton Rouge,East BatonRouge Parish, La.Born in Donaldsonville,AscensionParish, La.,June 15,1914.Democrat.Lawyer;served in the U.S. Army during World War II;Louisianastate attorney general, 1956-72; delegate to Democratic NationalConvention from Louisiana,1960.Catholic.Member,AmericanLegion;DisabledAmerican Veterans;Knightsof Columbus;Orderof Alhambra;Elks;Lions;American BarAssociation.While opposing New Orleans school desegregation in federal court in1960, walked out of the courtroom, calling the court a "den ofiniquity";convictedofcontemptof court;sentencewas suspended.Indictedin 1969 forfraud and conspiracy over his dealings with thebankrupt Louisiana Loan and Thrift Corp.;tried in1971 and acquitted.Convictedlater that year on federalperjurycharges in a related case;sentencedto three years inprison;served 15 months.Pardonedin 1976 by Gov.EdwinEdwards.Died in Our Lady of the Lake RegionalMedicalCenter, Baton Rouge,East BatonRouge Parish, La.,March 2,2001 (age86 years, 260days).Interment atGreenoaksMemorial Park, Baton Rouge, La. Salvador Anzelmo (born c.1924) — of New Orleans,OrleansParish, La.Born about 1924. Member ofLouisianastate house of representatives, 1969.Indictedin 1969 onfraud and conspiracychargesin connection with the bankrupt Louisiana Loan and Thrift Corporation.Still living as of 1969. Bruce Bennett —Arkansasstate attorney general, 1957;indictedin 1969 onfraud and conspiracychargesover his relationship with the bankrupt Arkansas Loan and ThriftCorporation.Presumed deceased. Burial location unknown. Joseph L. Galiber (c.1924-1995) — of Bronx,BronxCounty, N.Y.Born about 1924. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; delegate toDemocratic National Convention from New York,1968,1984(alternate),1988(alternate); member ofNew Yorkstate senate, 1969-95 (32nd District 1969-82, 31st District1983-95); died in office 1995; candidate forboroughpresident of Bronx, New York, 1979 (Democratic primary), 1979(New Alliance).Africanancestry.Indictedonfraudchargesin 1977; tried and found not guilty.Died at Columbia-PresbyterianMedicalCenter, Manhattan,New YorkCounty, N.Y.,November21, 1995 (ageabout 71years).Interment atFerncliffCemetery, Hartsdale, N.Y.
 See alsoFind-A-Gravememorial
 Raymond James Donovan (1930-2021) — also known asRaymond J. Donovan — of Short Hills,EssexCounty, N.J.Born in Bayonne,HudsonCounty, N.J.,August31, 1930.Insurancebusiness;constructionexecutive;U.S.Secretary of Labor, 1981-85; in 1982, he wasinvestigatedby a federal special prosecutor over allegations of links toorganizedcrime figures, but insufficient evidence was found for anyprosecution;indictedin 1984 over allegedfraud on a subway construction project inthe Bronx, New York City;resignedfrom the Cabinet;tried in1987 and found not guilty; following his acquittal, he famouslyasked, "Which office do I go to, to get my reputation back?".Catholic.Died, fromcongestiveheart failure, in New Vernon,MorrisCounty, N.J.,June 2,2021 (age90 years, 275days).Burial location unknown.
 Relatives: Sonof David Donovan and Eleanor Donovan; married1957 toCatherine Sblendorio.
 See alsoNNDBdossier
 Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche Jr. (1922-2018) — also known asLyndon LaRouche;Lyn Marcus — of New York City (unknowncounty), N.Y.; Leesburg,LoudounCounty, Va.Born in Rochester,StraffordCounty, N.H.,September8, 1922.Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; candidate forPresidentof the United States, 1976 (U.S. Labor), 1984 (Independent), 1988(Economic Recovery), 1992 (Economic Recovery); candidate forDemocratic nomination for President,1980,1984,1988,1992,1996,2000,2004;indicted,with others, onfraud and conspiracychargesin 1986 over solicitation of loans from supporters without intendingto repay them; alsochargedwithobstructionof justice over destruction of financial records;tried infederal court in Boston; a mistrial was declared in 1988;re-indictedin federal court in Virginia onchargesof conspiracy, mail fraud, andtaxevasion;convictedandsentencedto fifteen years inprison;released on parole in 1994; Independent candidate forU.S.Representative from Virginia 10th District, 1990.Died in2018(ageabout95 years).Burial location unknown.
 Relatives: Sonof Jessie Lenore (Weir) LaRouche and Lyndon H. LaRouche, Sr.; married1954 toJanice Neuberger; married1977 to HelgaZepp.
 Cross-reference:RamseyClark
 See alsoWikipediaarticle —NNDBdossier —Internet Movie Databaseprofile —Encyclopediaof American Loons
 Books by Lyndon H. LaRouche:Now,Are You Ready To Learn Economics? —Howto Defeat Liberalism and William F. Buckley —Earth'sNext Fifty Years
 Books about Lyndon H. LaRouche: MichaelO. Billington,Reflectionsof an American Political Prisoner : The Repression and Promise of theLaRouche Movement
 Critical books about Lyndon H.LaRouche: Helen Gilbert,LyndonLarouche: Fascism Restyled for the New Millennium —Dennis King,LyndonLarouche and the New American Fascism
 Edwin Meese III (b. 1931) — also known asEd Meese;"Reagan'sGeographer" —Born in Oakland,AlamedaCounty, Calif.,December2, 1931.Lawyer;legal affairs secretary to Gov.RonaldReagan, 1967-68; executive assistant and chief of staff, 1969-74;lawprofessor;U.S.Attorney General, 1985-88.Lutheran.Member,FederalistSociety.The independent counsel whoinvestigatedthe Wedtechscandalreported that Meese, who had worked as alobbyistfor Wedtech, wascomplicitin the company'sbriberyandfraud; following this disclosure, heresignedfrom the Cabinet.Still living as of 2020.
 Relatives: Sonof Edwin Meese, Jr. and Leona Meese; married1959 to UrsulaHerrick.
 See alsoWikipediaarticle —NNDBdossier —Internet Movie Databaseprofile
 Gentry Crowell (1932-1989) — of Tennessee. Born in Chestnut Mound,SmithCounty, Tenn.,December10, 1932.Democrat. Member ofTennesseestate house of representatives, 1969-77;secretaryof state of Tennessee, 1977-89; died in office 1989.His office was a target of the federal "Operation Rocky Top"investigationintofraudulent charity bingo games; his administrativeassistant admitted to longtimeembezzlement.Suffered aself-inflictedgunshotwound on December 12, 1989, and died eight days later inVanderbiltHospital,Nashville,DavidsonCounty, Tenn.,December20, 1989 (age57 years, 10days).Interment atCedarGrove Cemetery, Lebanon, Tenn.
 See alsoWikipediaarticle —Find-A-Gravememorial
 Gerald McCann (born c.1950) — of Jersey City,HudsonCounty, N.J.Born in Jersey City,HudsonCounty, N.J., about 1950.Democrat.Mayorof Jersey City, N.J., 1981-85, 1989-92; defeated, 1985; removed1992;chair ofHudson County Democratic Party, 1984-85.Catholic.Convictedin 1992 on federalchargesoffraud andtaxevasion, andsentencedto federalprison.Still living as of 2003. Alberto Gutman (b. 1959) — also known asAl Gutman — of Florida. Born in Havana (La Habana),Cuba,January4, 1959.Republican. Member ofFloridastate house of representatives, 1984-92; member ofFloridastate senate 34th District, 1992-99.Jewish.Cubanancestry. Member,PhiTheta Kappa;PhiKappa Phi;B'naiB'rith;Freemasons.In 1999, he wasindicted,along with his wife and 23 others, on charges ofMedicaidfraud and conspiracy;pleadedguilty to felony conspiracychargesthat he helped set up home health care companies that never did anylegitimate business, got names of purported patients from voterlists, and received over $800,000 in Medicare payments;resignedfrom the Florida Senate as part of the plea bargain;sentencedin 2000 to five years inprison,fined,and ordered to payrestitution.Still living as of 1999. Nick Wilson (born c.1943) — of Pocahontas,RandolphCounty, Ark.Born about 1943. Democrat.Lawyer;member ofArkansasstate senate, 1971-98.Convictedin November, 1999, on federaltaxevasion charges.Pleadedguilty in March, 2000 tofraud; 128 other charges weredropped in return for his agreement to testify against three others.Still living as of 2000. Edward Maurice Mezvinsky (b. 1937) — also known asEdward Mezvinsky — of Iowa City,JohnsonCounty, Iowa; Harrisburg,DauphinCounty, Pa.Born in Ames,StoryCounty, Iowa,January17, 1937.Democrat. Member of Iowa state legislature, 1970;U.S.Representative from Iowa 1st District, 1973-77; defeated, 1970,1976;PennsylvaniaDemocratic state chair, 1981-86; delegate to Democratic NationalConvention from Pennsylvania,1984.Jewish.Ukrainianancestry.Indictedin March, 2001 on 56 federalfraudcharges;pleadedguilty to 31, andsentencedtoprison.Still living as of 2014.
 Relatives:Married1963 to MyraShulman; married1975 toMarjorieMargolies-Mezvinsky; father of Marc Mezvinsky (son-in-law ofWilliamJefferson Clinton andHillaryRodham Clinton; who marriedChelseaVictoria Clinton).
 Political family:Clintonfamily of Pennsylvania and Florida (subset of theFourThousand Related Politicians).
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —NNDBdossier
 Wallace G. Wilkinson (1941-2002) — also known as"The Weasel" — of Lexington,FayetteCounty, Ky.Born inCaseyCounty, Ky.,December12, 1941.Democrat.Governor ofKentucky, 1987-91.During bankruptcy proceedings in 2001, it was revealed that Wilkinsonhad been operating aPonzi scheme, and that his liabilitiesexceeded his assets by $300 million; he repeatedly refused to answerquestions under oath, invoking his Fifth Amendment right againstself-incrimination.However, he died before any prosecution could take place.Died, oflymphaticcancer and astroke,in St. JosephHospital,Lexington,FayetteCounty, Ky.,July 5,2002 (age60 years, 205days).Entombed atSarasota Memorial Park, Sarasota, Fla.
 See alsoNationalGovernors Association biography —Wikipediaarticle —NNDBdossier
 James W. Treffinger — of Verona,EssexCounty, N.J.Republican.EssexCounty Executive; candidate forU.S.Senator from New Jersey, 2000.Pleadedguilty in 2003 to corruption andfraudcharges;ordered to pay $30,000restitution,andsentencedto 13 months in federalprison.Still living as of 2003. Earle Elias Morris Jr. (1928-2011) — also known asEarle E. Morris, Jr. — of Pickens,PickensCounty, S.C.Born in Pickens,PickensCounty, S.C.,July 14,1928.Democrat.Banker;merchant;member ofSouthCarolina state house of representatives, 1951-54; member ofSouthCarolina state senate, 1954-70 (Pickens County 1954-66, 2ndDistrict 1966-70); delegate to Democratic National Convention fromSouth Carolina,1956,1968,1972;SouthCarolina Democratic state chair, 1966-68;LieutenantGovernor of South Carolina, 1971-74;SouthCarolina state comptroller general, 1976-99;convictedin 2004 ofsecurities fraud following the collapse of CarolinaInvestors, though he denied any intent to defraud anyone;sentencedto 44 months inprison.Presbyterian.Member,Lions;Elks;Moose;Woodmen ofthe World;Jaycees;Kiwanis;BlueKey;Freemasons;Shriners;PhiKappa Phi.Died, fromprostatecancer, in Lexington,LexingtonCounty, S.C.,February11, 2011 (age82 years, 212days).Entombed in mausoleum atBush River Memorial Gardens, Columbia, S.C.
 Relatives: Sonof Earle Elias Morris and Bernice (Carey) Morris; married,April12, 1958, to Jane Lewis Boroughs; married,October4, 1972, to Carol Telford.
 Epitaph: "Life Journey Of Dignity" /Beloved Husband, Father and Friend.
 See alsoWikipediaarticle —Find-A-Gravememorial
 Robert W. Levy (b. 1947) — also known asBob Levy — of Atlantic City,AtlanticCounty, N.J.Born in Atlantic City,AtlanticCounty, N.J.,May 16,1947.Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during the Vietnam war;mayorof Atlantic City, N.J., 2005-07; resigned 2007.Falselyclaimed to have served in the U.S. ArmyU.S. ArmySpecial Forces (Green Berets);admittedthat he used false information in his service record toobtainbenefits;disappearedon September 26, 2007; his lawyer announced on October 10 that he hadresigned;pleadedguilty in November todefrauding the Department ofVeterans Affairs,sentencedto three yearsprobation,fined,and ordered to payrestitution.Still living as of 2008.
 Relatives:Married1964 to HazelWashington.
 See alsoWikipediaarticle
 Tony F. Mack (b. 1966) — of Trenton,MercerCounty, N.J.Born in Louisville,JeffersonCounty, Ga.,January8, 1966.Democrat.MercerCounty Freeholder, 1997-2008; alternate delegate to DemocraticNational Convention from New Jersey,2000;mayorof Trenton, N.J., 2010-14; removed 2014;arrestedin September 2012, andchargedwithacceptinga bribe,fraud, andextortion;triedandconvictedin 2014, andsentencedto five years inprison.Africanancestry. Member,NAACP;UrbanLeague.Still living as of 2014.
 See alsoWikipediaarticle
 Stephen Ernest Stockman (b. 1956) — also known asSteve Stockman — of Beaumont,JeffersonCounty, Tex.Born in Bloomfield Hills,OaklandCounty, Mich.,November14, 1956.Republican.Accountant;U.S.Representative from Texas 9th District, 1995-97; defeated, 1992(9th District), 1996 (9th District), 2006 (22nd District); candidateforTexasrailroad commissioner, 1998; candidate forU.S.Senator from Texas, 2014;arrestedin March 2017 andchargedin federal court on multiple counts, including obtaining $1.25 millonunder false pretenses,moneylaundering, makingfalsestatements to the FEC, not reporting income on histaxreturn;triedstarting in January 2018;convictedin April of 23 felonies;sentencedto ten years inprisonand ordered to pay more than $1 millionrestitution.Baptist.Member,National RifleAssociation.Still living as of 2020.
 Relatives:Married1988 to PattiFerguson.
 See alsocongressionalbiography —Govtrack.uspage —Wikipedia article —NNDBdossier —OurCampaignscandidate detail —Encyclopediaof American Loons

"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of apolitical graveyard."
Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872
The Political Graveyard

The Political Graveyardis a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries.Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 338,260politicians, living and dead.
 
 The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President,members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders inall fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; andthe chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifyingmunicipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, forany of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellatejudges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet,diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys,collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of majorfederal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmastersof qualifying communities; (5) state and national political partyofficials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and otherparticipants in national party nominating conventions;(6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nationsbefore 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify",for Political Graveyard purposes, if theyhave at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive ofpredecessor, successor, and merged entities. 
 The listings areincomplete; development of the database is a continually ongoing project. 
 Information on this page — and on all other pages of thissite — is believed to be accurate, but isnotguaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sourcesbefore relying on any information here. 
 The official URL for this page is:https://politicalgraveyard.com/trouble/fraud.html. 
 Links to this or any other Political Graveyard pageare welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimeschange as the site develops. 
 If you are searching for a specific named individual, try thealphabetical index of politicians. 
Copyright notices: (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; seeFeistv. Rural Telephone. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this siteare 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe toconstitutefair use under applicable copyright law. Wherepossible, each image is linked to its online source. However,requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from thissite are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection andarrangement are © 1996-2025 Lawrence Kestenbaum.(4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under aCreative CommonsLicense.
What is a "political graveyard"? SeePoliticalDictionary;UrbanDictionary.
Site information: The Political Graveyard is created and maintained byLawrence Kestenbaum, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address isThe Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106. — This site is hosted byHDLmi.com. —The Political Graveyard opened onJuly 1, 1996; the last full revision was done onFebruary 17, 2025.

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