middleware
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Documentation¶
Index¶
- Constants
- Variables
- func AllowContentEncoding(contentEncoding ...string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func AllowContentType(contentTypes ...string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func BasicAuth(realm string, creds map[string]string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func CleanPath(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func Compress(level int, types ...string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func ContentCharset(charsets ...string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func GetHead(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func GetReqID(ctx context.Context) string
- func Heartbeat(endpoint string) func(http.Handler) http.Handler
- func Logger(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func New(h http.Handler) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func NextRequestID() uint64
- func NoCache(h http.Handler) http.Handler
- func PrintPrettyStack(rvr interface{})
- func Profiler() http.Handler
- func RealIP(h http.Handler) http.Handler
- func Recoverer(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func RedirectSlashes(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func RequestID(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func RequestLogger(f LogFormatter) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func SetHeader(key, value string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func StripSlashes(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func Throttle(limit int) func(http.Handler) http.Handler
- func ThrottleBacklog(limit, backlogLimit int, backlogTimeout time.Duration) func(http.Handler) http.Handler
- func ThrottleWithOpts(opts ThrottleOpts) func(http.Handler) http.Handler
- func Timeout(timeout time.Duration) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func URLFormat(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func WithLogEntry(r *http.Request, entry LogEntry) *http.Request
- func WithValue(key, val interface{}) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- type Compressor
- type DefaultLogFormatter
- type EncoderFunc
- type HeaderRoute
- type HeaderRouter
- func (hr HeaderRouter) Handler(next http.Handler) http.Handler
- func (hr HeaderRouter) Route(header, match string, middlewareHandler func(next http.Handler) http.Handler) HeaderRouter
- func (hr HeaderRouter) RouteAny(header string, match []string, ...) HeaderRouter
- func (hr HeaderRouter) RouteDefault(handler func(next http.Handler) http.Handler) HeaderRouter
- type LogEntry
- type LogFormatter
- type LoggerInterface
- type Pattern
- type ThrottleOpts
- type WrapResponseWriter
Constants¶
const RequestIDKey ctxKeyRequestID = 0RequestIDKey is the key that holds the unique request ID in a request context.
Variables¶
var (// LogEntryCtxKey is the context.Context key to store the request log entry.LogEntryCtxKey = &contextKey{"LogEntry"}// DefaultLogger is called by the Logger middleware handler to log each request.// Its made a package-level variable so that it can be reconfigured for custom// logging configurations.DefaultLogger func(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler)
var IsTTYboolvar RequestIDHeader = "X-Request-Id"RequestIDHeader is the name of the HTTP Header which contains the request id.Exported so that it can be changed by developers
var (// URLFormatCtxKey is the context.Context key to store the URL format data// for a request.URLFormatCtxKey = &contextKey{"URLFormat"})
Functions¶
funcAllowContentEncoding¶added inv1.5.0
AllowContentEncoding enforces a whitelist of request Content-Encoding otherwise respondswith a 415 Unsupported Media Type status.
funcAllowContentType¶added inv1.5.0
AllowContentType enforces a whitelist of request Content-Types otherwise respondswith a 415 Unsupported Media Type status.
funcBasicAuth¶added inv1.5.0
BasicAuth implements a simple middleware handler for adding basic http auth to a route.
funcCleanPath¶added inv1.5.1
CleanPath middleware will clean out double slash mistakes from a user's request path.For example, if a user requests /users//1 or //users////1 will both be treated as: /users/1
funcCompress¶
Compress is a middleware that compresses responsebody of a given content types to a data format basedon Accept-Encoding request header. It uses a givencompression level.
NOTE: make sure to set the Content-Type header on your responseotherwise this middleware will not compress the response body. For ex, inyour handler you should set w.Header().Set("Content-Type", http.DetectContentType(yourBody))or set it manually.
Passing a compression level of 5 is sensible value
funcContentCharset¶added inv1.5.0
ContentCharset generates a handler that writes a 415 Unsupported Media Type response if none of the charsets match.An empty charset will allow requests with no Content-Type header or no specified charset.
funcGetReqID¶
GetReqID returns a request ID from the given context if one is present.Returns the empty string if a request ID cannot be found.
funcHeartbeat¶added inv1.5.0
Heartbeat endpoint middleware useful to setting up a path like`/ping` that load balancers or uptime testing external servicescan make a request before hitting any routes. It's also convenientto place this above ACL middlewares as well.
funcLogger¶
Logger is a middleware that logs the start and end of each request, alongwith some useful data about what was requested, what the response status was,and how long it took to return. When standard output is a TTY, Logger willprint in color, otherwise it will print in black and white. Logger prints arequest ID if one is provided.
Alternatively, look athttps://github.com/goware/httplog for a more in-depthhttp logger with structured logging support.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Logger should go before any other middleware that may changethe response, such as `middleware.Recoverer`. Example:
```gor := chi.NewRouter()r.Use(middleware.Logger) // <--<< Logger should come before Recovererr.Use(middleware.Recoverer)r.Get("/", handler)```
funcNextRequestID¶added inv1.5.0
func NextRequestID()uint64
NextRequestID generates the next request ID in the sequence.
funcNoCache¶
NoCache is a simple piece of middleware that sets a number of HTTP headers to preventa router (or subrouter) from being cached by an upstream proxy and/or client.
As perhttp://wiki.nginx.org/HttpProxyModule - NoCache sets:
Expires: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTCCache-Control: no-cache, private, max-age=0X-Accel-Expires: 0Pragma: no-cache (for HTTP/1.0 proxies/clients)
funcPrintPrettyStack¶added inv1.5.0
func PrintPrettyStack(rvr interface{})funcProfiler¶added inv1.0.0
Profiler is a convenient subrouter used for mounting net/http/pprof. ie.
func MyService() http.Handler { r := chi.NewRouter() // ..middlewares r.Mount("/debug", middleware.Profiler()) // ..routes return r}funcRealIP¶
RealIP is a middleware that sets a http.Request's RemoteAddr to the resultsof parsing either the X-Forwarded-For header or the X-Real-IP header (in thatorder).
This middleware should be inserted fairly early in the middleware stack toensure that subsequent layers (e.g., request loggers) which examine theRemoteAddr will see the intended value.
You should only use this middleware if you can trust the headers passed toyou (in particular, the two headers this middleware uses), for examplebecause you have placed a reverse proxy like HAProxy or nginx in front ofchi. If your reverse proxies are configured to pass along arbitrary headervalues from the client, or if you use this middleware without a reverseproxy, malicious clients will be able to make you very sad (or, depending onhow you're using RemoteAddr, vulnerable to an attack of some sort).
funcRecoverer¶
Recoverer is a middleware that recovers from panics, logs the panic (and abacktrace), and returns a HTTP 500 (Internal Server Error) status ifpossible. Recoverer prints a request ID if one is provided.
Alternatively, look athttps://github.com/pressly/lg middleware pkgs.
funcRedirectSlashes¶added inv1.0.0
RedirectSlashes is a middleware that will match request paths with a trailingslash and redirect to the same path, less the trailing slash.
NOTE: RedirectSlashes middleware is *incompatible* with http.FileServer,seehttps://github.com/go-chi/chi/issues/343
funcRequestID¶
RequestID is a middleware that injects a request ID into the context of eachrequest. A request ID is a string of the form "host.example.com/random-0001",where "random" is a base62 random string that uniquely identifies this goprocess, and where the last number is an atomically incremented requestcounter.
funcRequestLogger¶added inv1.5.0
func RequestLogger(fLogFormatter) func(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler
RequestLogger returns a logger handler using a custom LogFormatter.
funcStripSlashes¶added inv1.0.0
StripSlashes is a middleware that will match request paths with a trailingslash, strip it from the path and continue routing through the mux, if a routematches, then it will serve the handler.
funcThrottle¶
Throttle is a middleware that limits number of currently processed requestsat a time across all users. Note: Throttle is not a rate-limiter per user,instead it just puts a ceiling on the number of currentl in-flight requestsbeing processed from the point from where the Throttle middleware is mounted.
funcThrottleBacklog¶
func ThrottleBacklog(limit, backlogLimitint, backlogTimeouttime.Duration) func(http.Handler)http.Handler
ThrottleBacklog is a middleware that limits number of currently processedrequests at a time and provides a backlog for holding a finite number ofpending requests.
funcThrottleWithOpts¶added inv1.5.0
func ThrottleWithOpts(optsThrottleOpts) func(http.Handler)http.Handler
ThrottleWithOpts is a middleware that limits number of currently processed requests using passed ThrottleOpts.
funcTimeout¶
Timeout is a middleware that cancels ctx after a given timeout and returna 504 Gateway Timeout error to the client.
It's required that you select the ctx.Done() channel to check for the signalif the context has reached its deadline and return, otherwise the timeoutsignal will be just ignored.
ie. a route/handler may look like:
r.Get("/long", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { ctx := r.Context() processTime := time.Duration(rand.Intn(4)+1) * time.Second select { case <-ctx.Done(): return case <-time.After(processTime): // The above channel simulates some hard work. } w.Write([]byte("done")) })funcURLFormat¶added inv1.5.0
URLFormat is a middleware that parses the url extension from a request path and stores iton the context as a string under the key `middleware.URLFormatCtxKey`. The middleware willtrim the suffix from the routing path and continue routing.
Routers should not include a url parameter for the suffix when using this middleware.
Sample usage.. for url paths: `/articles/1`, `/articles/1.json` and `/articles/1.xml`
func routes() http.Handler { r := chi.NewRouter() r.Use(middleware.URLFormat) r.Get("/articles/{id}", ListArticles) return r } func ListArticles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { urlFormat, _ := r.Context().Value(middleware.URLFormatCtxKey).(string) switch urlFormat { case "json": render.JSON(w, r, articles) case "xml:" render.XML(w, r, articles) default: render.JSON(w, r, articles) }}funcWithLogEntry¶added inv1.5.0
WithLogEntry sets the in-context LogEntry for a request.
Types¶
typeCompressor¶added inv1.5.0
type Compressor struct {// contains filtered or unexported fields}Compressor represents a set of encoding configurations.
funcNewCompressor¶added inv1.5.0
func NewCompressor(levelint, types ...string) *Compressor
NewCompressor creates a new Compressor that will handle encoding responses.
The level should be one of the ones defined in the flate package.The types are the content types that are allowed to be compressed.
func (*Compressor)Handler¶added inv1.5.0
func (c *Compressor) Handler(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler
Handler returns a new middleware that will compress the response based on thecurrent Compressor.
func (*Compressor)SetEncoder¶added inv1.5.0
func (c *Compressor) SetEncoder(encodingstring, fnEncoderFunc)
SetEncoder can be used to set the implementation of a compression algorithm.
The encoding should be a standardised identifier. See:https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Accept-Encoding
For example, add the Brotli algortithm:
import brotli_enc "gopkg.in/kothar/brotli-go.v0/enc"compressor := middleware.NewCompressor(5, "text/html")compressor.SetEncoder("br", func(w http.ResponseWriter, level int) io.Writer { params := brotli_enc.NewBrotliParams() params.SetQuality(level) return brotli_enc.NewBrotliWriter(params, w)})typeDefaultLogFormatter¶added inv1.5.0
type DefaultLogFormatter struct {LoggerLoggerInterfaceNoColorbool}DefaultLogFormatter is a simple logger that implements a LogFormatter.
func (*DefaultLogFormatter)NewLogEntry¶added inv1.5.0
func (l *DefaultLogFormatter) NewLogEntry(r *http.Request)LogEntry
NewLogEntry creates a new LogEntry for the request.
typeEncoderFunc¶added inv1.5.0
An EncoderFunc is a function that wraps the provided io.Writer with astreaming compression algorithm and returns it.
In case of failure, the function should return nil.
typeHeaderRoute¶added inv1.5.0
type HeaderRoute struct {MatchAny []PatternMatchOnePatternMiddleware func(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler}func (HeaderRoute)IsMatch¶added inv1.5.0
func (rHeaderRoute) IsMatch(valuestring)bool
typeHeaderRouter¶added inv1.5.0
type HeaderRouter map[string][]HeaderRoute
funcRouteHeaders¶added inv1.5.0
func RouteHeaders()HeaderRouter
RouteHeaders is a neat little header-based router that allows you to directthe flow of a request through a middleware stack based on a request header.
For example, lets say you'd like to setup multiple routers depending on therequest Host header, you could then do something as so:
r := chi.NewRouter()rSubdomain := chi.NewRouter()
r.Use(middleware.RouteHeaders().
Route("Host", "example.com", middleware.New(r)).Route("Host", "*.example.com", middleware.New(rSubdomain)).Handler)r.Get("/", h)rSubdomain.Get("/", h2)
Another example, imagine you want to setup multiple CORS handlers, where foryour origin servers you allow authorized requests, but for third-party publicrequests, authorization is disabled.
r := chi.NewRouter()
r.Use(middleware.RouteHeaders().
Route("Origin", "https://app.skyweaver.net", cors.Handler(cors.Options{ AllowedOrigins: []string{"https://api.skyweaver.net"}, AllowedMethods: []string{"GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS"}, AllowedHeaders: []string{"Accept", "Authorization", "Content-Type"}, AllowCredentials: true, // <----------<<< allow credentials })). Route("Origin", "*", cors.Handler(cors.Options{ AllowedOrigins: []string{"*"}, AllowedMethods: []string{"GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS"}, AllowedHeaders: []string{"Accept", "Content-Type"}, AllowCredentials: false, // <----------<<< do not allow credentials })). Handler)func (HeaderRouter)Handler¶added inv1.5.0
func (hrHeaderRouter) Handler(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler
func (HeaderRouter)Route¶added inv1.5.0
func (hrHeaderRouter) Route(header, matchstring, middlewareHandler func(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler)HeaderRouter
func (HeaderRouter)RouteAny¶added inv1.5.0
func (hrHeaderRouter) RouteAny(headerstring, match []string, middlewareHandler func(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler)HeaderRouter
func (HeaderRouter)RouteDefault¶added inv1.5.0
func (hrHeaderRouter) RouteDefault(handler func(nexthttp.Handler)http.Handler)HeaderRouter
typeLogEntry¶added inv1.5.0
type LogEntry interface {Write(status, bytesint, headerhttp.Header, elapsedtime.Duration, extra interface{})Panic(v interface{}, stack []byte)}LogEntry records the final log when a request completes.See defaultLogEntry for an example implementation.
funcGetLogEntry¶added inv1.5.0
GetLogEntry returns the in-context LogEntry for a request.
typeLogFormatter¶added inv1.5.0
LogFormatter initiates the beginning of a new LogEntry per request.See DefaultLogFormatter for an example implementation.
typeLoggerInterface¶added inv1.5.0
type LoggerInterface interface {Print(v ...interface{})}LoggerInterface accepts printing to stdlib logger or compatible logger.
typePattern¶added inv1.5.0
type Pattern struct {// contains filtered or unexported fields}funcNewPattern¶added inv1.5.0
typeThrottleOpts¶added inv1.5.0
type ThrottleOpts struct {LimitintBacklogLimitintBacklogTimeouttime.DurationRetryAfterFn func(ctxDonebool)time.Duration}ThrottleOpts represents a set of throttling options.
typeWrapResponseWriter¶added inv1.5.0
type WrapResponseWriter interface {http.ResponseWriter// Status returns the HTTP status of the request, or 0 if one has not// yet been sent.Status()int// BytesWritten returns the total number of bytes sent to the client.BytesWritten()int// Tee causes the response body to be written to the given io.Writer in// addition to proxying the writes through. Only one io.Writer can be// tee'd to at once: setting a second one will overwrite the first.// Writes will be sent to the proxy before being written to this// io.Writer. It is illegal for the tee'd writer to be modified// concurrently with writes.Tee(io.Writer)// Unwrap returns the original proxied target.Unwrap()http.ResponseWriter}WrapResponseWriter is a proxy around an http.ResponseWriter that allows you to hookinto various parts of the response process.
funcNewWrapResponseWriter¶added inv1.5.0
func NewWrapResponseWriter(whttp.ResponseWriter, protoMajorint)WrapResponseWriter
NewWrapResponseWriter wraps an http.ResponseWriter, returning a proxy that allows you tohook into various parts of the response process.