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Results for 'Zhongxuan Liu'

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  1.  29
    How should China set ethical guardrails for medical research?Jingyi Xu,Zhongxuan Liu,Jiayou Shi &Yue Wang -2024 -Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (11):744-748.
    ‘Ethics first’ reform in China significantly changes the governance framework for the research of emerging technologies. The misapplication of human genome editing technology reflects the urgent need to reform the governance framework. Strengthening ethics governance in medical research has become a consensus in China, where legal and ethical reforms are proceeding in parallel. The protection of human dignity, the prevention of biosafety risks, as well as the regulation of technological crimes are at the core of the legal system, which has (...) been embodied in numerous fundamental legislations following the CRISPR-babies incident. Establishing a national ethics committee to coordinate ethics governance, and reinforcing ethics review and external oversight are significant steps in ethical reform. Essentially, ethics governance requires implementing the basic concept of ‘ethics first’, focusing on forward-looking and preventive governance rather than delayed intervention, while maintaining openness and collaboration. (shrink)
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  2. Slurs and register: A case study in meaning pluralism.Justina Diaz-Legaspe,Chang Liu &Robert J. Stainton -2020 -Mind and Language 35 (2):156-182.
    Most theories of slurs fall into one of two families: those which understand slurring terms to involve special descriptive/informational content (however conveyed), and those which understand them to encode special emotive/expressive content. Our view is that both offer essential insights, but that part of what sets slurs apart is use-theoretic content. In particular, we urge that slurring words belong at the intersection of a number of categories in a sociolinguistic register taxonomy, one that usually includes [+slang] and [+vulgar] and always (...) includes [-polite] and [+derogatory]. Thus, e.g., what distinguishes ‘Chinese’ from ‘chink’ is neither a peculiar sort of descriptive nor emotional content, but rather the fact that ‘chink’ is lexically marked as belonging to different registers than ‘Chinese’. It is, moreover, partly such facts which makes slurring ethically unacceptable. (shrink)
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  3. International Workshop on Web-Based Internet Computing for Science and Engineering (ICSE 2006)-Discovery of Web Services Applied to Scientific Computations Based on QOS.Han Cao,Daxin Liu &Rui Fu -2006 - In O. Stock & M. Schaerf,Lecture Notes In Computer Science. Springer Verlag. pp. 3842--919.
     
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  4.  16
    The impact of the bioethics advisory committee on the research community in Singapore.Charmaine K. M. Chan &Edison T. Liu -2010 - In John Elliott, W. Calvin Ho & Sylvia S. N. Lim,Bioethics in Singapore: The Ethical Microcosm. World Scientific. pp. 31--49.
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  5.  11
    Meiguo ren de dao de guan: Meiguo wen hua ying yu du wu = American virtues.Xiaoli Wang &Bo Liu (eds.) -2007 - Wuhan: Wuhan da xue chu ban she.
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  6.  214
    Dynamic logic of preference upgrade.Johan van Benthem &Fenrong Liu -2007 -Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 17 (2):157-182.
    Statements not only update our current knowledge, but also have other dynamic effects. In particular, suggestions or commands ?upgrade' our preferences by changing the current order among worlds. We present a complete logic of knowledge update plus preference upgrade that works with dynamic-epistemic-style reduction axioms. This system can model changing obligations, conflicting commands, or ?regret'. We then show how to derive reduction axioms from arbitrary definable relation changes. This style of analysis also has a product update version with preferences between (...) actions, as well as worlds. Some illustrations are presented involving defaults and obligations. We conclude that our dynamic framework is viable, while admitting a further extension to more numerical ?utility update'. (shrink)
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  7. Wei Jin zhe xue yu shi xue.Yunhao Liu -2003 - Hefei Shi: Jing xiao Xin hua shu dian.
  8.  6
    Xin Kangde zhu yi yu wen hua zhe xue zhuan xiang =.Zhenyi Liu -2012 - Ha'erbin: Heilongjiang da xue chu ban she.
    本书力图通过分析新康德主义在文化哲学转向中的地位和作用,从一个新的理论视角来解读文化哲学的内涵,探讨文化哲学的未来走向和深远影响.
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  9. Yen Hsi-chai hsüeh chuan.Hsi-wu Liu -1954
     
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  10.  13
    Yong he xin jia zhi guan jian jun yu ren.Mingfu Liu -2009 - Beijing Shi: Ren min wu jin chu ban she. Edited by Jintao Gao.
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  11.  6
    Zang chuan fo jiao zhe xue si xiang yan jiu.Junzhe Liu -2013 - Beijing Shi: Min zu chu ban she.
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  12.  481
    Can Chatbots Preserve Our Relationships with the Dead?Stephen M. Campbell,Pengbo Liu &Sven Nyholm -forthcoming -Journal of the American Philosophical Association.
    Imagine that you are given access to an AI chatbot that compellingly mimics the personality and speech of a deceased loved one. If you start having regular interactions with this “thanabot,” could this new relationship be a continuation of the relationship you had with your loved one? And could a relationship with a thanabot preserve or replicate the value of a close human relationship? To the first question, we argue that a relationship with a thanabot cannot be a true continuation (...) of your relationship with a deceased loved one, though it might support one’s continuing bonds with the dead. To the second question, we argue that, in and of themselves, relationships with thanabots cannot benefit us as much as rewarding and healthy intimate relationships with other humans, though we explain why it is difficult to make reliable comparative generalizations about the instrumental value of these relationships. (shrink)
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  13.  32
    Can Chatbots Preserve Our Relationships with the Dead?Stephen M. Campbell,Pengbo Liu &Sven Nyholm -forthcoming -Journal of the American Philosophical Association.
    ABSTRACT Imagine that you are given access to an AI chatbot that compellingly mimics the personality and speech of a deceased loved one. If you start having regular interactions with this “thanabot,” could this new relationship be a continuation of the relationship you had with your loved one? And could a relationship with a thanabot preserve or replicate the value of a close human relationship? To the first question, we argue that a relationship with a thanabot cannot be a true (...) continuation of your relationship with a deceased loved one, though it might support one’s continuing bonds with the dead. To the second question, we argue that, in and of themselves, relationships with thanabots cannot benefit us as much as rewarding and healthy intimate relationships with other humans, though we explain why it is difficult to make reliable comparative generalizations about the instrumental value of these relationships. (shrink)
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  14.  138
    Specificity of face processing without awareness.Guomei Zhou,Lingxiao Zhang,Jinting Liu,Jiaoteng Yang &Zhe Qu -2010 -Consciousness and Cognition 19 (1):408-412.
    The recognition memory for inverted faces is especially difficult when compared with that for non-face stimuli. This face inversion effect has often been used as a marker of face-specific holistic processing. However, whether face processing without awareness is still specific remains unknown. The present study addressed this issue by examining the face inversion effect with the technique of binocular rivalry. Results showed that invisible upright faces could break suppression faster than invisible inverted faces. Nevertheless, no difference was found for invisible (...) upright houses and invisible inverted houses. This suggested that face processing without awareness is still specific. Some face-specific information can be processed by high-level brain areas even when that information is invisible. (shrink)
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  15.  43
    Outer synchronization between two hybrid-coupled delayed dynamical networks via aperiodically adaptive intermittent pinning control.Shuiming Cai,Xuqiang Lei &Zengrong Liu -2016 -Complexity 21 (S2):593-605.
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  16.  26
    Le yin et le yang dans la communication.Li Liu -2007 -Diogène 217 (1):150-.
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  17.  64
    Mixed-Ownership Reform and Private Firms’ Corporate Social Responsibility Practices: Evidence From China.Ailing Pan,Xin Liu,Ron P. McIver,Lei Xu &Bin Li -2022 -Business and Society 61 (2):389-418.
    China’s historical mixed-ownership reform (the Reform) has prioritized enhancing the efficiency and financial performance of its large state-owned enterprises (SOEs) through introduction of partial private-sector equity ownership. However, the presence of a significant gap between China’s private enterprises’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and those of its SOEs suggests potential for Reform-related ownership changes to negatively impact economy-wide CSR performance. We therefore examine the Reform’s impact on private acquirer firms’ CSR practices. We use a proprietary data set of firms listed (...) on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, covering the 2011–2015 period. Our findings identify that private firms can enhance their economic and political status through acquiring equity in state-controlled or SOEs and, following this, improve their CSR practices. Our findings have policy implications in the context of the world’s largest emerging market and, more generally, for SOE ownership reform in emerging and transition economies. (shrink)
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  18.  25
    Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss in the Chinese-Speaking World: Reorienting the Political.Kai Marchal,Carl K. Y. Shaw,Harald Bluhm,Jianhong Chen,Thomas Fröhlich,Chuan-wei Hu,Kuan-min Huang,Shu-Perng Hwang,Charlotte Kroll,Han Liu,Christopher Nadon &Mario Wenning (eds.) -2016 - Lanham: Lexington Books.
    Reorienting the Political examines the reception of two controversial German philosophers, Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss, in the Chinese-speaking world. This volume explores the powerful resonance of both thinkers in Chinese political thought from a cross-cultural and interdisciplinary perspective.
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  19.  58
    Agreeing to disagree and dilation.Jiji Zhang,Hailin Liu &Teddy Seidenfeld -unknown
    We consider Geanakoplos and Polemarchakis’s generalization of Aumman’s famous result on “agreeing to disagree", in the context of imprecise probability. The main purpose is to reveal a connection between the possibility of agreeing to disagree and the interesting and anomalous phenomenon known as dilation. We show that for two agents who share the same set of priors and update by conditioning on every prior, it is impossible to agree to disagree on the lower or upper probability of a hypothesis unless (...) a certain dilation occurs. With some common topological assumptions, the result entails that it is impossible to agree not to have the same set of posterior probabilities unless dilation is present. This result may be used to generate sufficient conditions for guaranteed full agreement in the generalized Aumman-setting for some important models of imprecise priors, and we illustrate the potential with an agreement result involving the density ratio classes. We also provide a formulation of our results in terms of “dilation-averse” agents who ignore information about the value of a dilating partition but otherwise update by full Bayesian conditioning. (shrink)
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  20.  41
    A Moral Foundations Framing Approach: Retail Investors’ Investment Intention in Ethical Mutual Funds.Jared L. Peifer &Jing Liu -2022 -Business and Society 61 (7):1804-1837.
    Existing research suggests people with stronger moral character traits are more inclined to ethical investing. We take a moral foundations framing approach that synthesizes framing theory and moral foundations theory to investigate whether a moral state of mind created by moral foundations frames can also increase retail investors’ ethical investment intention. We also hypothesize how this moral foundations framing effect is moderated by the perceived return performance of the ethical fund. We test our hypotheses through two online experiments with retail (...) investors in the United States. Study 1 demonstrates that the moral foundations framing effect varies by moral foundation. Focusing on the Fairness foundation, Study 2 shows that the framing effect is stronger under the win-win dual objective condition, relative to a conflict of interest condition. This stronger effect indicates that the moral foundations framing effect appears to be more effective when the investor perceives that ethical investments are financially lucrative. Our study provides preliminary evidence for the potential of the moral foundations framing approach and contributes to scholarship in both business ethics and ethical investing. (shrink)
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  21.  22
    Language Development and Social Integration of Students with English as an Additional Language.Michael Evans,Claudia Schneider,Madeleine Arnot,Linda Fisher,Karen Forbes,Yongcan Liu &Oakleigh Welply -2020 - Cambridge University Press.
    Given the current context of the experience of migration on schools in England and Europe, and the competing policies and approaches to social integration in schools, there is a need to understand the connection between language development and social integration as a basis for promoting appropriate policies and practices. This volume explores the complex relationship between language, education and the social integration of newcomer migrant children in England, through an in-depth analysis of case studies from schools in the East of (...) England. The authors set this evidence against the background of policy debates in the wider international setting, including a critical discussion of assumptions underlying national narratives of mainstreaming and assimilation. In the light of an absence of national guidelines for appropriate practice in schools, the authors outline a model of inclusive pedagogy for English as an additional language and a framework of home-school communication to promote effective EAL parental engagement in schools. (shrink)
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  22.  25
    Chaos limited.Alexander Scheeline &Yeou-Teh Liu -1995 -Complexity 1 (1):48-48.
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  23.  25
    Lü Zuqian yu nan Song xue shu jiao liu: yi Lü Zuqian shu xin wei zhong xin de kao cha.Yumin Liu -2018 - Zhengzhou Shi: Henan ren min chu ban she.
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  24. Critical multiculturalism.L. Berlant,D. Bunn,V. Dharwadker,N. Field,D. Gaonkar,M. Ivy,B. Lee,Lof Lee,Xm Liu &M. Roberts -1992 -Critical Inquiry 18 (3):530-555.
     
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  25. The neural bases of the multiplication problem-size effect across countries.Jiayan Lu Jérôme Prado,Qi Dong Li Liu,James Xinlin Zhou &R. Booth -2016 - In Philippe Chassy & Wolfgang Grodd,Abstract mathematical cognition. [Lausanne, Switzerland]: Frontiers Media SA.
     
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  26.  6
    Zhi ye dao de.Zhenyuan You &Che Liu (eds.) -1991 - Ha'erbin: Heilongjiang jiao yu chu ban she.
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  27. Zhang Zai guan xue yu Nanming xue yan jiu.Jihui Zhao &Xuezhi Liu (eds.) -2004 - Beijing Shi: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she.
     
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  28. Alexandre pouget, Jean-Christophe ducom, Jeffrey torri and Daphne bavelier (university of rochester) multisensory spatial representations in eye-centered coordinates for reaching, b1–b11.David Carmel,Shlomo Bentin,Chang Hong Liu,Avi Chaudhuri,David A. Lagnado &David R. Shanks -2002 -Cognition 83:323-325.
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  29.  16
    Sydney Tar Ponds Remediation: Experience to China.Ken A. Bryson &Fan Liu -2009 -Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 29 (5):397-407.
    The infamous “Sydney Tar Ponds” are well known as one of the largest toxic waste sites of Canada, due to almost 100 years of steelmaking in Sydney, a once beautiful and peaceful city located on the east side of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. This article begins with a contextual overview of the Tar Ponds issue including a brief introduction and history and summaries of the effects on the earth, the people, and the biotic community (animals and vegetation). Then the (...) authors talk about the STS analysis approach, namely, a discussion of six systems to indicate what has been brought to the earth and mankind by technology and modern industry. The remaining part of the article describes the difficulties confronting China, some of which are similar to the ones Canada faces as a result of the Tar Ponds contamination, and summarizes some of the experiences at Tar Ponds and the lessons China can learn from Tar Ponds. (shrink)
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  30.  37
    Health Insurance Reform and HMO Penetration in the Small Group Market.Thomas C. Buchmueller &Su Liu -2005 -Inquiry: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 42 (4):367-380.
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  31.  15
    Exploring the Learning Psychology Mobilization of Music Majors Through Innovative Teaching Methods Under the Background of New Curriculum Reform.Haiqin Cai &Guangliang Liu -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    The research expects to explore the psychological mobilization of innovative teaching methods of Music Majors under the new curriculum reform. The relevant theories of college students’ innovative teaching methods are analyzed under deep learning together with the innovation and construction of music courses. Thereupon, college students’ psychological mobilization is studied. Firstly, the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship teaching and deep learning is obtained through a literature review. Secondly, the music classroom model is designed based on the deep learning theory, and (...) the four dimensions of the music curriculum are defined to innovate and optimize the music teaching model. Finally, the Questionnaire Survey is used to analyze the design classroom model. Only 15% of the 180 respondents understand the concept of deep learning, 32% like interactive music learning, and 36% like competitive comparative music classroom learning. And the students who study instrumental music have higher significant differences in learning motivation than those who study vocal music. In addition to classroom learning, 16% of people improve their music skills through music equipment. College students like interactive music classes and competitive comparison classes that can give more play to their subjective initiative. After the new curriculum reform, the music curriculum based on deep learning can stimulate students’ interest in learning and participate in the mobilization of students’ learning psychology. Therefore, in the future of music education and teaching, there is a need to pay more attention to students’ psychological status. The research results can provide references and practical significance for the innovative teaching activities of music classrooms after the new curriculum reform. (shrink)
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  32.  23
    Microscopic and macroscopic approaches to the mental representations of second languages.Zhenguang G. Cai &Haitao Liu -2017 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 40.
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  33.  26
    The Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive Control in the Category Induction Task.Xueli Cai,Guo Li,Qinxia Liu,Feng Xiao,Youxue Zhang &Yifeng Wang -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    According to the conflict monitoring hypothesis, conflict monitoring and inhibitory control in cognitive control mainly cause activity in the anterior cingulate cortex and control-related prefrontal cortex in many cognitive tasks. However, the role of brain regions in the default mode network in cognitive control during category induction tasks is unclear. To test the role of the ACC, PFC, and subregions of the DMN elicited by cognitive control during category induction, a modified category induction task was performed using simultaneous fMRI scanning. (...) The results showed that the left middle frontal gyrus and bilateral dorsal ACC/medial frontal gyrus were sensitive to whether conflict information appears, but not to the level of conflict. In addition, the bilateral ventral ACC, especially the right vACC, a part of the DMN, showed significant deactivation with an increase in cognitive effort depending on working memory. These findings not only offer further evidence for the important role of the dorsolateral PFC and dorsal ACC in cognitive control during categorization but also support the functional distinction of the dorsal/ventral ACC in the category induction task. (shrink)
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  34.  20
    The Value of Immersive Media in Expanding Chinese Public Cultural Participation and Its Realization Path From the Perspective of Cultural Education.Wujin Cai &Yuan Liu -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    This paper mainly introduces the application of immersive media in Chinese public cultural participation from the perspective of cultural education, as well as the important value of the application of immersive media in expanding the breadth, accuracy, and depth of education and thereby improving the quality of education. On this basis, the realistic path of the role of immersive media technology in further realizing public cultural participation is discussed. First of all, through a questionnaire survey, it analyzes the problems existing (...) in Chinese public cultural participation from the perspective of cultural education and the application of immersive media in Chinese public cultural participation. Secondly, from the aspects that the application of immersive media can extend the space of cultural participation, enrich the content of cultural participation and strengthen the value recognition of cultural participation, it demonstrates that immersive media helps to solve the dilemma of Chinese public cultural participation as a whole and thus improve the quality of education. This will bring new possibilities for expanding Chinese public cultural participation and promoting public social education and cultural quality education. Finally, it discusses the further development of immersive media technology in the field of cultural education from the aspects of optimizing the ecology of immersive media development, promoting the R&D and application of immersive media technology, and promoting the integration of immersive media with cultural participation space and cultural education content. (shrink)
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  35.  25
    Analyzing Indicators Affecting Commercial Property Value in Metro Station Accessible Area Using Walking Time Consumption: Case of Xi’an, China.Zhen Cao,Xingliang Liu,Bin Lei,Changjiang Liu &Lizhu Jing -2020 -Complexity 2020:1-12.
    In studies investigating the property value enhancements along metro lines, study ranges in most cases are measured in Euclidean distance. However, city roads are not always straight, and Euclidean distance sometimes does not equal to actual distance the passenger travels from the public transport station to their home or a commercial spot. To solve this problem, this study analyzed the indicators affecting commercial property value in metro station accessible area in Xi’an, using walking time consumption in measuring the study range. (...) Following a conceptual framework, considering empirical evidences in related studies, information in city structure, and metro distribution, the initial indicator set is built. Using hedonic price model, spatial autoregressive model, and error term, significant indicators affecting commercial property value are investigated. In this study, 14 significant indicators are determined and quantified. Threshold distance equals to 900 m is found to be appropriate in addressing the autocorrelation problem with the weighted decision matrix tool. Compared to HPM and SEM, SAR is found to perform the best in evaluating the significant indicators with the largest R2 and the lowest Akaike Info Criterion. Besides, it is discovered that the value of the commercial property lies in the study range of 20 min walking time and is obviously influenced by the metro station. The results discovered in this study could provide some empirical evidences to commercial property planning in Xi’an. (shrink)
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  36.  15
    Exploring English for medical purposes (EMP) teacher cognition in the Chinese context.Zhongkai Cao,Zaihong Zhang,Ya Liu &Liping Pu -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    It has been a growing trend in Chinese universities to shift from English for general purposes to English for specific purposes teaching. Against this background, large groups of teachers previously engaged in teaching EGP have become or are becoming ESP teachers, which means a complex process of learning for subject-specific information, transforming teaching practices and constructing new identities. Despite this, very little has been written about the ESP teacher cognition of language teaching or the factors influencing this shift in teaching. (...) This study involved English for Medical Purposes teachers in Chinese universities as participants, and a scale of EMP TC with 31 items was developed on the basis of questionnaire results. Data from exploratory factor analysis revealed six dimensions of the scale, namely, teacher attitude, teacher belief, teacher learning, teacher support, role identification, and teacher practice—that combine to constitute and influence EMP TC. While the identity factor has attracted wide attention in ESP teacher research, other factors have largely been neglected. Thus, this research highlights the importance of more factors in shaping and changing the language teaching cognition of EMP or ESP teachers in large, especially the teacher belief factor. In addition, results of independent samples t-tests indicated significant difference in EMP teacher learning in terms of gender, differences in EMP teacher attitude and teacher support in terms of EMP teaching experience. Suggestions for enhancing EMP TC are offered on the basis of the conclusions of this research. (shrink)
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  37.  34
    Increasing Perceptual Salience Diminishes the Motor Interference Effect From Dangerous Objects.Rong Cao,Gai Cao &Peng Liu -2020 -Frontiers in Psychology 11.
  38.  9
    Zhongguo shen mi wen hua jian shang da quan: shen gui, ming li, feng shui, gu xiang.Ying Cao &Zhuo Liu (eds.) -1998 - Beijing: Jin cheng chu ban she.
    本书内容包括什么是法社会学、多元化的法概念、社会·法律·法律文化、法与社会制度、法与社会发展、法与社会分层、法与社会问题、法与社会控制、法与社会化、法律职业、法的实现等11章。.
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  39.  22
    Speed/accuracy relations: The kinetic–kinematic link and predictions for rapid timing tasks.Les G. Carlton &Yeou-Teh Liu -1997 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20 (2):304-304.
    Recent accounts of the speed/accuracy relation for motor tasks have focused on the concept of motor output variability. We outline the advantages of this approach and the limitation of Plamondon's model in explaining movement error. We also examine and present complimentary data for rapid timing tasks. While these tasks do not meet the presented assumptions, the data still fit the model predictions.
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  40.  18
    Limit complexities, minimal descriptions, andN-randomness.Rodney Graham Downey,Lu Liu,Keng Meng Ng &Daniel Turetsky -forthcoming -Journal of Symbolic Logic:1-16.
    Let K denote prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity, and let $K^A$ denote it relative to an oracle A. We show that for any n, $K^{\emptyset ^{(n)}}$ is definable purely in terms of the unrelativized notion K. It was already known that 2-randomness is definable in terms of K (and plain complexity C) as those reals which infinitely often have maximal complexity. We can use our characterization to show that n-randomness is definable purely in terms of K. To do this we extend a (...) certain “limsup” formula from the literature, and apply Symmetry of Information. This extension entails a novel use of semilow sets, and a more precise analysis of the complexity of $\Delta _2^0$ sets of minimal descriptions. (shrink)
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  41. Neurodynamic and Particle Swarm Optimization-Extended Particle Swarm Optimiser with Adaptive Acceleration Coefficients and Its Application in Nonlinear Blind Source Separation.Ying Gao,Zhaohui Li,Hui Zheng &Huailiang Liu -2006 - In O. Stock & M. Schaerf,Lecture Notes In Computer Science. Springer Verlag. pp. 1174-1182.
  42. Finding pearls: psychometric reevaluation of the Simpson–Troost Attitude Questionnaire (STAQ).Steven V. Owen,Mary Anne Toepperwein,Carolyn E. Marshall,Michael J. Lichtenstein,Cheryl L. Blalock,Yan Liu,Linda A. Pruski &Kandi Grimes -2008 -Science Education 92 (6):1076-1095.
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  43. The Nature of Consciousness Handout.Fred Dretske &JeeLoo Liu -unknown
    ___ (i) There is a difference between hearing Clyde play the piano and seeing him play the piano. ___ (ii) A perceptual belief that he is playing the piano must also be distinguished from a perceptual experience of this same event.
     
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  44.  35
    (1 other version)The Poverty of Philosophy and the Philosophy of Poverty.Liu Hui-lin -1979 -Contemporary Chinese Thought 11 (2):55-76.
    No apology, I imagine, is necessary for the appearance of this translation\nof Marx's "Misere de la Philosophic" On the contrary it is strange\nthat it should not have been published in England before, anu that\nthe translation of his monumental work, the "Capital," tardy as that\nwas, should have yet been made before that of a work which was originally\npublished some twenty years before "Capital" first appeared.\n\n\nIt may be that the translators and editors of the latter work were\nof opinion that in view of (...) the comprehensiveness of "Capital," a\npublication of an English edition of the "Misere de la Philosophic"\nwould be a work of supererogation. Or it may be that they thought\na book so distinctly French—as the "Capital" may be said to be distinctly\nEnglish—and which was, further, exclusively a criticism of a work\nof Proudhon's little known in England—would have slight interest\nfor English readers. On the other hand, the groundwork of the theories\nso fully elaborated in "Capital," apart from its exhaustive analysis\nof the capitalist system of production and distribution, will be\nfound in "Misere." In addition, there are several subjects—notably\nthat of rent—dealt with in this volume which are barely touched upon\nin the single book of " Capital " which has been translated into\nEnglish.\n\n\nMarx's criticism of Proudhon's theory that " the time which is necessary\nto create a commodity indicates exactly its degree of utility," so\nthat " the things of which the production costs the least time are\nthe things which are the most immediately useful," has been matched\nby H. M. Hyndman's crushing refutation of the theory of Final Utility.\nThe subject of rent, too, has been fully dealt with by the latter\nin the same book, " The Economics of Socialism," published, as the\nauthor says, in the hope of furnishing " the rapidly-increasing number\nof students of sociology with a concise and readable statement of\nthe main theories of the scientific school of political economy founded\nby Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels." Neither of these facts, however,\nnecessarily detracts from the value of this older work of Marx's.\nOn the question of rent, after reviewing the Ricardian theory and\nthe many objections which present themselves to that theory, Hyndman\nsays: " It seems, therefore, that a wider definition of the rent\nof land under capitalism is needed than that given by Ricardo, and\nthe following is suggested: — Rent of land is that portion of the\ntotal net revenue which is paid to the landlord for the use of plots\nof land after the average profit on the capital embarked in developing\nsuch land has been deducted." On the question of confiscating rent\nhe says it " would not affect the position of the working portion\nof the community unless the money so obtained were devoted to giving\nthem more amusement, to providing them with better surroundings and\nthe like. ... In fact, the attack upon competitive rents is merely\na capitalist attack. That class sees a considerable income going\noff to a set of people who take no part in the direct exploitation\nof labor; and its representatives are naturally anxious to stop this\nleakage, as they consider it, and to reduce their own taxation for\npublic purposes by appropriating rent to the service of the State.\nThat is all very well for them."\n\n\nOn this point Marx says: " We can understand such economists as Mill,\nCherbulliez, Hilditch and others, demanding that rent should be handed\nover to the State to be used for the remission of taxation. That\nis only the frank expression of the hate which the industrial capitalist\nfeels for the landed proprietor, who appears to him as a useless\nincumbrance, a superfluity in the otherwise harmonious whole of bourgeois\nproduction."\n\n\n" Rent," says Marx, " results from the social relations in which exploitation\nis carried on. It cannot result from the nature, more or less fixed,\nmore or less durable, of land. Rent proceeds from society and not\nfrom the soil."\n\n\nThe criticism of Proudhon's appreciation of gold and silver as the\nfirst manifestation of this theory of " constituted value" should\nbe interesting reading to those admirers of the French Anarchist\nwho yet profess their profound detestation of money and its function.\nSo, too, should his declaration against strikes and combinations\nof workmen. In this we see once more how extremes meet. This declaration\nof Proudhon's would not be out of place in the organ of the Liberty\nand Property Defence League.\n\n\nIn this matter of trade union combination, Marx was scarcely accurate\nin his perception of its development. He clearly did not foresee\nthat the great English trade unions would become fossilised, as it\nwere; and that instead of being a revolutionary force they would\nbecome a reactionary mass, opposing the progress of the mere proletarian\noutside their ranks, as they have done. With the spread of Socialist\nideas among them, however, their exclusive character is being modified,\nand they may even yet take that place in the revolutionary working-class\nmovement which Marx anticipated they would occupy. Given this change\nof attitude, the development must inevitably be along the lines he\npredicted. We are seeing "in face of constantly united capital, the\nmaintenance of the association [becoming] more important and necessary\nfor them than the maintenance of wages," and, further, that the combinations\nof capital are forcing the trade unions to that point where "association\ntakes a political character."\n\n\nIt is scarcely necessary to point out that in this work, written in\n1847, some words have a meaning quite other than that which they\nbear to-day. Thus, for instance, the words "Socialists" and "Socialism,"\nwhere they occur, refer to the utopians—who formulated theories of\na social system independent of the industrial evolution— and to these\ntheories themselves.\n\n\nIn most cases the numerous quotations have been verified and reproduced\nin the original. In some instances, however, they are summaries rather\nthan quotations, and appear ^is translated.\n\n\nA translation jn* necessarily an imperfect presentation of the thoughts,\nideas, and conclusions of the author. In this work I have endeavored\nto adhere as closely as possible to the form and letter, as well\nas the spirit of the original, and to this the indulgent reader is\nasked to ascribe such faults of language as would otherwise merit\nhis censure. (shrink)
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  45. Education and imagination : a synthesis of Jung and Vygotsky.Robert S. Matthews &Charlotte Hua Liu -2008 - In Raya A. Jones,Education and imagination: post-Jungian perspectives. New York: Routledge.
     
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  46.  108
    The New Biopolitics.Jiangxia Yu &Jingwei Liu -2009 -Journal of Academic Ethics 7 (4):287-296.
    The biotech revolution profoundly changes and reconstructs the Foucaultian concept of biopolitics from different dimensions. It declares the coming of the Age of Biocapitalism, which opens a new pattern of modern power allocation of life governance and shows people two prospects simultaneously: utopian hopes and dystopian desperation. Biocapitalism has not only produced ethical degeneration and cultural shock, but more importantly, has opened new areas for political hegemony and economic aggression through the reconstruction of biopolitics, and the enhancement of capital’s comprehensive (...) dominance on nature and the human society. Therefore, it has become an area of serious, scholarly research in the biotech era to explore the implications of contemporary biopolitics, to take precautions against, and reduce the real risks of technocapitalism. This paper investigates the new biopolitics supported by the manipulation of modern biotechnology, especially genetic engineering, and unveils the possible hazards and deep contradictions inherent in this capital-controlled science, within the context of biocapitalism. It also seeks ways to prevent technological alienation and to reconstruct political rationality. It argues that entrepreneurs, scientists, companies and universities of developed countries must realize the limits of capital expansion and the self―regulatory capability of the market, and, then, assume ethical responsibilities as biocapital holders. (shrink)
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  47.  33
    The Application of Brain-Computer Interface in Upper Limb Dysfunction After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Yang Peng,Jing Wang,Zicai Liu,Lida Zhong,Xin Wen,Pu Wang,Xiaoqian Gong &Huiyu Liu -2022 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16.
    ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness and safety of the Brain-computer interface in treatment of upper limb dysfunction after stroke.MethodsEnglish and Chinese electronic databases were searched up to July 2021. Randomized controlled trials were eligible. The methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane’s risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.ResultsA total of 488 patients from 16 RCTs were included. The results showed that the meta-analysis of BCI-combined treatment on the improvement of the upper limb function showed statistical significance [standardized (...) mean difference : 0.53, 95% CI: 0.26–0.80, P< 0.05]; BCI treatment can improve the abilities of daily living of patients after stroke, and the analysis results are statistically significant ; and the BCI-combined therapy was not statistically significant for the analysis of the Modified Ashworth Scale.ConclusionThe meta-analysis indicates that the BCI therapy or BCI combined with other therapies such as conventional rehabilitation training and motor imagery training can improve upper limb dysfunction after stroke and enhance the quality of daily life. (shrink)
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  48.  27
    Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Modulates the Effect of Unreasonable Request in the Context of Peer Punishment.Jingjing Pan,Chengkang Zhu,Xiaoli Liu,Yiwen Wang &Jianbiao Li -2019 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13.
  49.  15
    The influence of entrepreneurial spirit on sports culture construction from the perspective of cognitive regulation.Bo Pang,Hao Liu &Zhongqiang Liu -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    The purposes of this study are to extract the essence from the in-depth study of entrepreneurial spirit and the exploration of China’s sports culture construction, find out the beneficial parts in line with China’s sports culture construction, and put forward operational suggestions and countermeasures for dealing with the relationship between entrepreneurial spirit and sports culture to help China’s sports culture construction move toward a new level. This exploration discusses the influence of entrepreneurial spirit on sports culture from the perspective of (...) cognitive regulation, and explores the importance of entrepreneurial spirit from the aspects of social psychology, system, economy, and ethics. The structure of sports culture is analyzed, and the role of entrepreneurial spirit in promoting the construction of sports culture is expounded. Moreover, a questionnaire survey is conducted to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial spirit on the construction of sports culture from the cognitive regulation perspective. The results show that most people agree with the development of the entrepreneurial spirit and positively impact the promotion of entrepreneurial spirit. Most people are not satisfied with the attention and level of sports culture construction. In China’s sports culture, the proportion of the entrepreneurial spirit is still tiny. Thereby, entrepreneurial spirit education must be vigorously promoted to enhance the integration of entrepreneurial spirit and sports culture. The entrepreneurial spirit needs to be introduced in the construction of sports culture. It is essential to do a good job in promoting entrepreneurial spirit, improving the supporting facilities related to sports culture and strengthening the correlation between sports culture and the entrepreneurial spirit. By discussing the influence of entrepreneurial spirit on sports culture, this exploration puts forward relevant opinions for developing sports culture. It is expected that they can have some reference values. This exploration provides new ideas for promoting the combination of sports culture construction and the dissemination of entrepreneurial spirit, which has crucial theoretical and practical significance. (shrink)
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  50.  25
    Orientation of shear bands for a rigid plastic frictional material in simple shear.A. Papon,X. Liu,H. Muhlhaus &L. Gross -2012 -Philosophical Magazine 92 (28-30):3564-3588.
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