Results for 'Yuko Kachi'
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- Validation of the Japanese Version of the Multidimensional Measure of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors.Hisashi Eguchi,YukoKachi,Hayami K. Koga,Mariko Sakka,Masahito Tokita &Akihito Shimazu -2019 -Frontiers in Psychology 10.
- Can Merging a Capability Approach with Effectual Processes Help Us Define a Permissible Action Range for AI Robotics Entrepreneurship?Yuko Kamishima,Bart Gremmen &Hikari Akizawa -2018 -Philosophy of Management 17 (1):97-113.In this paper, we first enumerate the problems that humans might face with a new type of technology such as robots with artificial intelligence (AI robots). Robotics entrepreneurs are calling for discussions about goals and values because AI robots, which are potentially more intelligent than humans, can no longer be fully understood and controlled by humans. AI robots could even develop into ethically “bad” agents and become very harmful. We consider these discussions as part of a process of developing responsible (...) innovations in AI robotics in order to prevent catastrophic risks on a global scale. To deal with these issues, we propose the capability-effectual approach, drawing on two bodies of research: the capability approach from ethics, and the effectual process model from entrepreneurship research. The capability approach provides central human capabilities, guiding the effectual process through individual goals and aspirations in the collaborative design process of stakeholders. More precisely, by assuming and understanding correspondences between goals, purposes, desires, and aspirations in the languages of different disciplines, the capability-effectual approach clarifies both how a capability list working globally could affect the aspirations and end-goals of individuals, and how local aspirations and end-goals could either energise or limit effectual processes. Theoretically, the capability-effectual approach links the collaboration of stakeholders and the design process in responsible innovation research. Practically, this approach could potentially contribute to the robust development of AI robots by providing robotics entrepreneurs with a tool for establishing a permissible action range within which to develop AI robotics. (shrink)
- Validity in Simple Partial Logic.DaisukeKachi -2002 -Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 10 (4):139-153.Firstly I characterize Simple Partial Logic (SPL) as the generalization and extension of a certain two-valued logic. Based on the characterization I present two definitions of validity in SPL. Finally I show that given my characterization these two definitions are more appropriate than other definitions that have been prevalent, since both have some desirable semantic properties that the others lack.
- Rethinking infant knowledge: Toward an adaptive process account of successes and failures in object permanence tasks.Yuko Munakata,James L. McClelland,Mark H. Johnson &Robert S. Siegler -1997 -Psychological Review 104 (4):686-713.No categories
- Later Nishida on Self-awareness: Have I lost myself yet?Yuko Ishihara -2011 -Asian Philosophy 21 (2):193 - 211.In this paper, I argue that later Nishida's analysis of self-awareness (jikaku) provides a new perspective on the nature of self-awareness as understood in the philosophical literature today. I argue that the contemporary literature deals with two kinds of self-awareness; the higher-order theory understands self-awareness to be an objectified awareness and the phenomenological tradition generally understands self-awareness to be, at least primarily, a non-objectified awareness. In light of this, I first give an account of Nishida's ?acting-intuition? with reference to the (...) ?historical body.? Then I argue that later Nishida's analysis of self-awareness depicts the inadequacy of the two kinds of self-awareness as both being stuck in the subject-object dichotomy which, according to Nishida, is but one mode of experience, namely the mode of difference. Nishida provides an account that ultimately foregrounds the experiential mode of unity that negates any sense of differentiation between the subject and object. (shrink)
- Bourne on future contingents and three-valued logic.DaisukeKachi -2009 -Logic and Logical Philosophy 18 (1):33-43.Recently, Bourne constructed a system of three-valued logic that he supposed to replace Łukasiewicz’s three-valued logic in view of the problems of future contingents. In this paper, I will show first that Bourne’s system makes no improvement to Łukasiewicz’s system. However, finding some good motivations and lessons in his attempt, next I will suggest a better way of achieving his original goal in some sense. The crucial part of my way lies in reconsidering the significance of the intermediate truth-value so (...) as to reconstruct Łukasiewicz’s three-valued logic as a kind of extensional modal logic based on partial logic. (shrink)
- Predication and Truthmaking: An Improvement on the Essentialist Approach to Truthmaking.Kachi Daisuke -2023 -Asian Journal of Philosophy 2 (2):1-15.This paper addresses some problems related to the relation of truthmaking, especially those concerning its necessity, adopting an essentialist point of view and focusing on the nature of truthbearers. According to the orthodox view in truthmaker theory, the relation of truthmaking is necessary in some sense. Thus, an important question involves how the relation of truthmaking is made necessary. I adopt a version of Jonathan Lowe’s essentialist approach to this question. However, contra Lowe, I take token acts of predication as (...) the primary truthbearers. This is Peter Hanks’ view in the philosophy of language. I shall argue that some problems with the essentialist approach can be solved by taking the nature of token acts of predication to be the source of necessity in truthmaking. At the end of this paper, I shall also briefly outline two general consequences related to truthmaking that I suppose this move about truthbearers should have. (shrink)
- A unified framework for inhibitory control.Randall C. O'ReillyYuko Munakata, Seth A. Herd, Christopher H. Chatham, Brendan E. Depue, Marie T. Banich -2011 -Trends in Cognitive Sciences 15 (10):453.
- Reason and Spontaneity.YukioKachi -1990 -Philosophy East and West 40 (3):389-398.
- An analysis of three Japanese tags: ne, yone, and daroo.Yuko Asano Cavanagh -2011 -Pragmatics and Cognition 19 (3):448-475.Export citation
Bookmark - Bonding system in nonhuman primates and biological roots of musicality.Yuko Hattori -2021 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44.Comparative studies of primates indicate that humans have evolved unique motivations and cognitive skills for sharing emotions, experiences, and collaborative actions. Given the characteristics of music, the music and social bonding hypothesis by Savage et al. fits this view. Within a cross-species approach, predispositions not observed in current communication system may contribute to a better understanding of the biological roots of human musicality.
- (2 other versions)Chimpanzees show more understanding of human attentional states when they request food in the experimenter’s hand than on the table.Yuko Hattori,Masaki Tomonaga &Kazuo Fujita -2011 -Interaction Studies 12 (3):418-429.Although chimpanzees have been reported to understand to some extent others' visual perception, previous studies using food requesting tasks are divided on whether or not chimpanzees understand the role of eye gaze. One plausible reason for this discrepancy may be the familiarity of the testing situation. Previous food requesting tasks with negative results used an unfamiliar situation that may be difficult for some chimpanzees to recognize as a requesting situation, whereas those with positive results used a familiar situation. The present (...) study tested chimpanzees' understanding of others' attentional states by comparing two requesting situations: an unfamiliar situation in which food was put on a table, and a familiar situation in which chimpanzees requested food held by an experimenter. Chimpanzees showed evidence of understanding the experimenter's attentional variations and the role of eye gaze only in the latter task. This suggests that an unfamiliar requesting situation may keep subjects from expressing their understanding of others' attentional states even though they are sensitive to them. Keywords: Understanding attention; Social cognition; Chimpanzees. (shrink)
- Language and Reality in Plato's Theory of Characters.YukioKachi -1970 - Dissertation, Princeton UniversityExport citation Bookmark
- David C. Kang, Crony Capitalism: Corruption and Development in South Korea and the Philippines, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Yuko Kasuya -2003 -Japanese Journal of Political Science 4 (1):161-164.
- Rich interpretation vs. deflationary accounts in cognitive development: the case of means-end skills in 7-month-old infants.Yuko Munakata,David Bauer,Tracy Stackhouse,Laura Landgraf &Jennifer Huddleston -2002 -Cognition 83 (3):B43-B53.
- Ambiguity of the proposed definition.Yuko Tsukada -1978 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1 (1):34-34.
- Nishida Kitarō's awakened realism.IshiharaYuko -2019 -Metodo. International Studies in Phenomenology and Philosophy 1:57-84.In this essay I present the philosophy of Nishida Kitarō, the father of the Kyoto School tradition, as an alternative version of transcendental philosophy. While following the steps of Kant and Husserl in important ways, Nishida attempts to take the transcendental approach even further, finally leaving us with a different view of reality that is neither realist nor idealist, but, rather, radically realist. I call this radical transcendental position, “awakened realism”. Due to word limitations, I can only set the stage (...) for further discussion on what kind of implication this may have for transcendental philosophy. But if I succeed in making my presentation clear enough, it should naturally ignite discussion on how far we can radicalize transcendental philosophy without making it into something else. (shrink)No categories
- The transfer, storage and procurement of human cells and tissues (Seventh International Workshop, Dublin).ElizabethYuko &Bert Gordijn -2011 - In Katharina Beier, Nils Hoppe, Christian Lenk & Silvia Schnorrer,The ethical and legal regulation of human tissue and biobank research in Europe: proceedings of the Tiss.EU project. [G ottingen]: Universit atsverlag G ottingen.Export citation Bookmark
- Ostension affects infant learning more than attention.Yuko Okumura,Yasuhiro Kanakogi,Tessei Kobayashi &Shoji Itakura -2020 -Cognition 195 (C):104082.No categories
- Political Justice and the Capability for Responsibility.Yuko Kamishima -2019 -Critical Horizons 20 (2):145-160.Iris Marion Young’s social connection model of responsibility faces one difficulty when dealing with a non-ideal case where actors, especially victims, lack what I call “capability for responsibility”. Without taking this problem into consideration, Young’s model could be criticized for blaming the victim for not taking their responsibility for political Justice. In this paper, I address this question by examining a case study taken from Japan where society is deeply structured in a mode that oppresses women. The first sections point (...) out that Young’s model overlooks the importance of agents for political justice while trying not to blame anyone. In the second sections I will introduce the idea of the “capability for responsibility” to connect the analytical part and the prescriptive part of her model as a theory of justice, arguing that actors’ engagement in self-examination through collective action is necessary for the enhancement of their capability for responsibility. (shrink)
- The power of human gaze on infant learning.Yuko Okumura,Yasuhiro Kanakogi,Takayuki Kanda,Hiroshi Ishiguro &Shoji Itakura -2013 -Cognition 128 (2):127-133.No categories
- Gendered Emotional Support and Women’s Well-Being in a Low-Income Urban African Setting.Yuko Hara,Shelley Clark &Sangeetha Madhavan -2018 -Gender and Society 32 (6):837-859.In most contexts, emotional support is crucial for the well-being of low-income single women and their children. Support from women may be especially important for single mothers because of precarious ties to their children’s fathers, the prevalence of extended matrifocal living arrangements, and gendered norms that place men as providers of financial rather than emotional support. However, in contexts marked by economic insecurity, spatial dispersion of families, and changing gender norms and kinship obligations, such an expectation may be problematic. Applying (...) theories of emotional capital and family bargaining processes, we address three questions: What is the gender composition of emotional support that single mothers receive? How does gender composition change over time? Does the gender composition of emotional support affect the self-reported stress of single mothers? Drawing on data from a unique data set on 462 low-income single mothers and their kin from Nairobi, Kenya, we uncover three key findings. One, whereas the bulk of strong emotional support comes from female kin, about 20 percent of respondents report having male-dominant support networks. Two, nearly 30 percent of respondents report change favoring men in the composition of their emotional support over six months. Three, having a male-dominant emotional support network is associated with lower stress. These results challenge what is commonly taken for granted about gender norms and kinship obligations in non-Western contexts. (shrink)No categories
- Ethical issues in invasive mechanical ventilation for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Yuko Hirano &Yoshihiko Yamazaki -2010 -Nursing Ethics 17 (1):51-63.Currently in Japan, discontinuing an invasive mechanical ventilator (IMV) is illegal; therefore IMV-related decision making is a crucial issue. This study examined IMV decision-making factors and psychological conflict in 50 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The Herth Hope Index was used for the assessment of pre- and post-IMV conflict. Interviews identified some decision-making factors: patient’s decision, patient’s and family’s mutual decision, family’s decision, and emergency-induced without patient’s or family’s consent. Participants who experienced no IMV-related regret received sufficient prior IMV education (...) from physicians and nurses, and time for reflection and family consultation. Their hope was similar to their pre-onset levels. Patients who received no prior IMV education accepted treatment as a natural progression. Their hope levels were lower than pre-onset. Those who received only a brief prior IMV explanation rejected the ventilator, experiencing regret if they were given an emergency IMV. Their hope levels were among the lowest. However, some of these patients managed to overcome their regret through being helped by nurses. Sufficient physician explanation and nursing advocacy for autonomous patient decision making are critical for improving hope in this patient group. (shrink)
- Comparison of the Psychosocial Association of Japanese Children and their Parents in the us and in a rural area in japan.Yuko Ishizakf,Tatsuro Isbizakf,Yohnosuke Kobayashi,Koji Ozawa,Satosbi Yosbida &Hideaki Amayasu -2002 - In Serge P. Shohov,Advances in Psychology Research. Nova Science Publishers. pp. 151.Export citation Bookmark
- Individual differences in object-processing explain the relationship between early gaze-following and later language development.Yuko Okumura,Yasuhiro Kanakogi,Tessei Kobayashi &Shoji Itakura -2017 -Cognition 166 (C):418-424.No categories
- Four Kinds of Boundary : From an Ontological Point of View.DaisukeKachi -2009 -Interdisciplinary Ontology 2:87-90.Casati and Varzi have developed a theory of boundary based on extensional mereotopology and the distinction between fiat and bona fide boundaries. Firstly, I point out some problems in their theory that are related to the contact of bodies. Next, I propose a way of classification of boundaries into four kinds based on substance ontology and an alternative distinction between potential and actual boundaries. Finally, I will show that my way of classification makes it possible to solve the problems above.
- (1 other version)Can infants use robot gaze for object learning?Yuko Okumura,Yasuhiro Kanakogi,Takayuki Kanda,Hiroshi Ishiguro &Shoji Itakura -2013 -Interaction Studies. Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies / Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies 14 (3):351-365.Previous research has shown that although infants follow the gaze direction of robots, robot gaze does not facilitate infants’ learning for objects. The present study examined whether robot gaze affects infants’ object learning when the gaze behavior was accompanied by verbalizations. Twelve-month-old infants were shown videos in which a robot with accompanying verbalizations gazed at an object. The results showed that infants not only followed the robot’s gaze direction but also preferentially attended to the cued object when the ostensive verbal (...) signal was present. Moreover, infants showed enhanced processing of the cued object when ostensive and referential verbal signals were increasingly present. These effects were not observed when mere nonverbal sound stimuli instead of verbalizations were added. Taken together, our findings indicate that robot gaze accompanying verbalizations facilitates infants’ object learning, suggesting that verbalizations are important in the design of robot agents from which infants can learn. Keywords: gaze following; humanoid robot; infant learning; verbalization; cognitive development. (shrink)
- Gods, Forms, and Socratic Piety.YukioKachi -1983 -Ancient Philosophy 3 (1):82-88.
- Mono: gendaiteki jittai shugi no sonzairon.DaisukeKachi -2018 - Tōkyō-to Chiyoda-ku: Shunjūsha.現代の物質像の根本的変容に対し、アリストテレス以来の実体主義を洗練、実在の本性に迫る包括的形而上学理論の構築。.No categories
- Partial Logic as a Logic of Extensional Alethic Modality.DaisukeKachi -2007 -Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 34 (2):61-70.In my paper 'Validity in Simple Partial Logic'(2002) I made comparison between several definitions of validity in Simple Partial Logic(SPL) and adopted two of them as most appropriate. In this paper, after elaborating more on these two definitions than in my previous paper and considering the characteristics of Partial Semantics, in which these definitions are given, I construct a tableau proof system and prove its soundness and completeness. Then, based on the characterization of Partial Semantics, I will show that we (...) can regard SPL as a logic of extensional alethic modality. (shrink)
- Łukasiewicz in Dublin -- An International Conference on the Work of Jan Łukasiewicz.DaisukeKachi (ed.) -1996No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Can Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach be a Foundation of Politically Liberal Theory of Justice?Yuko Kamishima -2008 -Proceedings of the Xxii World Congress of Philosophy 50:293-298.With our state-guaranteed or internationally recognized human rights, liberalism is rather a common basis of political discussion today. John Rawls’s theory of justice, which set a framework for liberal theory of justice in the last decades of the twentieth century, is notably contractarian. Martha Nussbaum, although claiming to be a neo-Aristotelian, argues that her capabilities approach (hereafter CA) can upgrade the liberal theory of justice, particularly that of political liberalism, to deal with unsolved problems of justice, namely, disability, nationality, and (...) species membership. However, this paper argues that her proposal issuccessful only when her CA-based theory proves its affiliation with political liberalism in more detail. As defined by Rawls, political liberalism produces “free-standing” political conceptions and rejects any metaphysical or religious ideas. It halts conceptions of justice that promote conceptions of good derived from particular comprehensive doctrines. I do not believe a mere convergence between CA and contractarianism is sufficient enough to secure the rational acceptability of her CA-based theory. I suggest that if she wishes to maintain her CA-based theory’s being politically liberal, she either has to prove more of the public, in particular the global public, acceptability of her intuitive ideas of human dignity without relying on her intuitions or alter the meaning of political liberalism itself so that it allows a room for some sort of comprehensive doctrine. (shrink)
- Die Dialektik des Gewissens in der Phänomenologie des Geistes: eine Interpretation zum Kapitel Das Gewissen.Yuko Mitsui -2005 - Frankfurt am Main: Lang.Diese Arbeit ist eine Interpretation zum Kapitel Das Gewissen der Phänomenologie des Geistes. Dabei bemüht die Autorin weder philologische noch sozialwissenschaftliche Methoden, sondern wendet sich direkt an das Denken Hegels. Nach Hegel wird in diesem Kapitel der Unterschied zwischen dem allgemeinen Ich und dem eigenen Ich unter Beweis gestellt.
- History and Philosophy of Science in Japanese Education: A Historical Overview.Yuko Murakami &Manabu Sumida -2014 - In Michael R. Matthews,International Handbook of Research in History, Philosophy and Science Teaching. Springer. pp. 2217-2245.This article describes the historical development of HPS/NOS mainly in higher education. Because the establishment of universities in Japan in late-nineteenth century was a reaction against Western imperialism, higher education aimed to cultivate scientists and engineers with an emphasis on practical applications. This direction in higher science and engineering education continues into the present. It has conditioned elementary and secondary education via university entrance examinations, where no questions on NOS appear. Hence, HPS research and education has developed in Japanese higher (...) education with little connection to elementary and secondary education. Instead, NOS is communicated in literature, movies, and other media. Scientific and technological communication occurs mainly outside the school curriculum in venues like museums. (shrink)
- Opinion.Yuko Murakami -2010 -Kagaku Tetsugaku 43 (1):91-97.This proposal for Philosophy of Science Society Japan and its members presents recommendations toward improvement of logic education, outline of logic curriculum to be shared among community, and requisite components of logical skills and knowledge for philosophers of each field. It also provides information on the past workshops on logic education by PSSJ as well as a summary of ASL guideline and ASL inquiry on logic education (1995).
- Do referential marking styles transfer to L2 story retelling?Yuko Nakahama -2020 - In Jonothan Ryan & Peter Crosthwaite,Referring in a second language: studies on reference to person in a multilingual world. New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.Export citation Bookmark
- J'aide à partir ceux qui veulent partir, mais je veux aussi aider ceux qui restent là-bas.Yuko Nishiyama -2012 -Multitudes 48 (1):188.No categories
- Caudate Functional Connectivity Associated With Weight Change in Adolescents.Yuko Nakamura,Sachiyo Ozawa &Shinsuke Koike -2020 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
- The Association Between Amygdala Subfield-Related Functional Connectivity and Stigma Reduction 12 Months After Social Contacts: A Functional Neuroimaging Study in a Subgroup of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Yuko Nakamura,Naohiro Okada,Shuntaro Ando,Kazusa Ohta,Yasutaka Ojio,Osamu Abe,Akira Kunimatsu,Sosei Yamaguchi,Kiyoto Kasai &Shinsuke Koike -2020 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
- The relationship between the attitudes of the use of AI and diversity awareness: comparisons between Japan, the US, Germany, and South Korea.Yuko Ikkatai,Yuko Itatsu,Tilman Hartwig,Jooeun Noh,Naohiro Takanashi,Yujin Yaguchi,Kaori Hayashi &Hiromi M. Yokoyama -forthcoming -AI and Society:1-15.Recent technological advances have accelerated the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the world. Public concerns over AI in ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) may have been enhanced, but their awareness has not been fully examined between countries and cultures. We created four scenarios regarding the use of AI: “voice,” “recruiting,” “face,” and “immigration,” and compared public concerns in Japan, the US, Germany, and the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea). Additionally, public ELSI concerns in respect of AI were measured (...) using four items: ethics, tradition, law and social benefit. Respondents with AI knowledge tended to exhibit stronger concern about ELSI in various situations. In terms of law concerns, Japanese respondents displayed greater concerns. In contrast, the US, when compared Japan, expressed a relatively optimistic view of the current law landscape. Regarding social benefits, Korea, compared to Japan, exhibited a more positive outlook, whereas Germany, in comparison to Japan, expressed heightened concerns about it across different scenarios. (shrink)
- A Link Between Alzheimer's and Type II Diabetes Mellitus? Ca+2 -Mediated Signal Control and Protein Localization.Yuko Tsutsui &Franklin A. Hays -2018 -Bioessays 40 (6):1700219.We propose protein localization dependent signal activation (PLDSA) as a model to describe pre‐existing protein partitioning between the cytosol, and membrane surface, as a means to modulate signal activation, specificity, and robustness. We apply PLDSA to explain possible molecular links between type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by describing Ca+2‐mediated interactions between the Src non‐receptor tyrosine kinase and p52Shc adaptor protein. We suggest that these interactions may serve as a contributing factor to disease development and progression. In (...) particular, we propose that signaling response is regulated, in part, by Ca+2‐mediated partitioning of lipid‐bound and soluble forms of Src and p52shc. Thus, protein‐protein interactions that drive signaling in response to extracellular ligand binding are also mediated by partitioning of signaling proteins between membrane‐bound and soluble populations. We propose that PLDSA effects may explain, in part, the evolutionary basis of promiscuous protein interaction domains and their importance in cellular function. (shrink)
- COVID-19: The effects of perceived organizational justice, job engagement, and perceived job alternatives on turnover intention among frontline nurses.Lulin Zhou,Arielle Doris Tetgoum Kachie,Xinglong Xu,Prince Ewudzie Quansah,Thomas Martial Epalle,Sabina Ampon-Wireko &Edmund Nana Kwame Nkrumah -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.Nurses’ turnover intention has become a concern for medical institutions because nurses are more needed than ever under the prevalence of COVID-19. This research sought to investigate the effects of the four dimensions of organizational justice on COVID-19 frontline nurses’ turnover intention through the mediating role of job engagement. We also tested the extent to which perceived job alternatives could moderate the relationship between job engagement and turnover intention. This descriptive cross-sectional study used an online survey to collect data from (...) 650 frontline nurses working in appointed hospitals in Jiangsu province, China. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the hypothesized relationships. Findings revealed that all organizational justice components significantly influenced job engagement and turnover intention. Job engagement also significantly affected nurses’ turnover intention and mediated the relationships between organizational justice components and turnover intention. Besides, perceived job alternatives moderated the relationships between job engagement and turnover intention. The implications of this study include demonstrating that healthcare authorities should respect human rights through effective organizational justice as this approach could encourage nurses to appreciate their job and be more devoted to staying and achieving their institutional duties, especially under challenging circumstances. (shrink)
- The Role of Male Consent in Assisted Reproductive Technology Procedures: an Examination of Japanese Court Cases.Yuko Muraoka,Minori Kokado &Kazuto Kato -2024 -Asian Bioethics Review 16 (2):165-183.With the development of assisted reproductive technologies, medical, ethical, legal, and social issues have arisen that did not exist when natural conception was the only means of childbirth. In Japan, men tend to believe that assisted reproductive technologies are not directly related to them, with the literature showing that men are often reluctant to be involved in fertility treatment processes. To better understand this situation, this study analyzes the role of male consent during assisted reproductive technology procedures in Japan. First, (...) we examined Japanese court cases that dealt with issues related to male consent during assisted reproductive technology procedures and identified three situations in which problems related to male consent during such procedures may arise. Next, we analyzed the background of such issues and the implications of the lack of consent regarding men’s reproductive rights. Finally, we explored the need for legislation on assisted reproductive technologies. The study concludes that discussions on the scope of male partner rights in assisted reproductive technology procedures are key for minimizing unnecessary conflict between partners, thus ensuring both the rights of women who wish to have children and the welfare of their children. (shrink)No categories
- The Power of Holes.DaisukeKachi -2011 -Ontology Meeting: A Supplementary Volume for 2011, February Meeting 1:7-11.Firstly I define a hole as a dependent matter-less endurant, which is a little modification of Casati and Varzi’s definition. Adopting this definition, holes seem to invite three problems about causation: (1)causal closure, (2)ungrounded disposition and (3)causal overdetermination. I will defend my definition against all these problems by showing that holes are limiting cases of physical endurants rather than their opposition and that they have causal powers in a broad sense.
- Was Łukasiewicz Wrong? : Three-valued Logic and Determinism.DaisukeKachi -1996 - InŁukasiewicz in Dublin -- An International Conference on the Work of Jan Łukasiewicz.Łukasiewicz has often been criticized for his motive for inventing his three-valued logic, namely the avoidance of determinism. First of all, I want to show that almost all of the critcism along this line was wrong. Second I will indicate that he made mistakes, however, in constructing his system, because he had other motives at the same time. Finally I will propose some modification of his system and its interpretation which can attain his original purpose in some sense.
- Tensed Ontology Based on Simple Partial Logic.DaisukeKachi -2002 -Proceedings of Ninth International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning: TIME-02:141-145.Simple partial logic (=SPL) is, broadly speaking, an extensional logic which allows for the truth-value gap. First I give a system of propositional SPL by partializing classical logic, as well as extending it with several non-classical truth-functional operators. Second I show a way based on SPL to construct a system of tensed ontology, by representing tensed statements as two kinds of necessary statements in a linear model that consists of the present and future worlds. Finally I compare that way with (...) other two ways based on Łukasiewicz’s three-valued logic and branching temporal logic. (shrink)
- Do Time Travelers Suffer from Paradoxes?DaisukeKachi -2007 -Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 15 (2):95-98.In this paper I give consideration to some apparent impossibilities for the time travelers to the past. After criticizing the views of D. Lewis and K. Vihvelin, I will show in what sense they are really impossible.
- Serious Copula-Tensing.DaisukeKachi -2012 -Interdisciplinary Ontology 5:67-73.M. Johnston proposed an adverbialist solution to the problem of intrinsic change of enduring things. D. Lewis interpreted it as a way of tensing the copula. In his view, it has the defect of replacing having a property simpliciter by standing in a triadic relation to a property and a time, and so is threatened by Bradley’s Regress. I agree with Lewis on requiring having a property to be non-relational, while I disagree with him on restricting it to having simpliciter. (...) I tense the copula non-relationally and yet more seriously than Johnston, by characterizing tense as a copulative de re modality concerning endurance, which I relate to R. Taylor’s ‘pure becoming’. I will show that my way gives a better solution to the problem of intrinsic change than those by other endurantists, because of its close connection to an account of tense, endurance and becoming. (shrink)
- The Ontology of Many-Worlds : Modality and Time.DaisukeKachi -1998 -The Paideia Archive: Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy 13:42-46.There are two types of theories regarding many worlds: one is modal, while the other is temporal. The former regards reality as consisting of many possible worlds, while the latter holds that reality consists of many momentary worlds, which are usually called moments. I compare these two theories, paying close attention to the concept of transworld identity and compare trans-possible world identity with trans-momentary world identity (or transmoment identity). I characterize time from the point of many-worlds view, believing this to (...) be one of the best ways of grasping the reality of time. First, I show that there is reason to adopt the many-worlds view because transworld identity is meaningful for both of them, while it is not for space. Second, I argue that transmoment identity is different from transpossible world identity concerning reality. The former is a realistic relation, while the latter is not. Thus, I find that the reality of time is in the relation of transmoment identity. Such a view, I contend, has merit on the basis that it recognizes the reality of time in a sense that is not true of space. (shrink)
- Intercultural phenomenology: playing with reality.Yuko Ishihara -2024 - New York: Bloomsbury Academic. Edited by Steven Tainer.Intercultural Phenomenology explores the nature of reality by engaging in a cross-cultural dialogue between two of the most influential philosophical traditions of the 20th century. Drawing on ideas from phenomenology, Japanese philosophy and Zen Buddhism, it follows the philosophers who changed their perception of the world by choosing to suspend judgement. Guided by this philosophical method known as the "epoché", or suspension of judgment in ancient Greek, it is an introduction to the philosophy and practice of letting objects in the (...) world speak for themselves. (shrink)
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