Autonomy and paternalism in shared decision‐making in a Saudi Arabian tertiary hospital: A cross‐sectional study.Yousef Y. Alabdullah,Esra Alzaid,Safa Alsaad,Turki Alamri,Saleh W. Alolayan,Suliman Bah &Abdullah S. Aljoudi -2023 -Developing World Bioethics 23 (3):260-268.detailsMedical paternalism has long been a common medical practice. However, patient autonomy in healthcare has been recently adopted by doctors and patients alike. This study explored whether doctors and patients in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia preferred autonomy or paternalism in shared decision‐making. A total of 118 participants (51 patients requiring total knee replacement, owing to stages 3–4 of osteoarthritis, and 67 doctors) from the Eastern province, Saudi Arabia. responded to a 17‐question category‐based questionnaire involving four scales of (...) autonomy. Descriptive statistics and chi‐square test results revealed that in this hospital, patients preferred a paternalistic approach toward their medical care along with a full disclosure of the risks related to surgical procedures. We recommend health education regarding the specific autonomy subscales (doctor knows best, patient should decide, right to non‐participation, and obligatory risk information), and the implementation of protocols that protect patients' rights and enhance personal autonomy. (shrink)
Quantum aspects of the equivalence principle.Y. Aharonov &G. Carmi -1973 -Foundations of Physics 3 (4):493-498.detailsTwo thought experiments are discussed which suggest, first, a geometric interpretation of the concept of a (say, vector) potential (i.e., as a kinematic quantity associated with a transformation between moving frames of reference suitably related to the problem) and, second, that, in a quantum treatment one should extend the notion of the equivalence principle to include not only the equivalence of inertial forces with suitable “real” forces, but also the equivalence of potentials of such inertial forces and the potentials of (...) suitable real forces. The two types of cancellation are physically independent of each other, because of the Aharonov-Bohm effect. Finally, we show that the latter effect itself can be understood “geometrically” as a kinematic effect arising upon the transformation between the two reference frames. (shrink)
Transparency in Medicines Regulatory Affairs Reclaiming Missed Opportunities.Y. A. Vawda &A. Gray -2017 -South African Journal of Bioethics and Law 10 (2):69-74.detailsTransparency is a salutary value in our constitutional architecture. It has also been described as a necessary element in promoting accountability in the regulatory aspects of essential medicines. Despite its several incarnations, the Medicines and Related Substances Act (Medicines Act) retains a provision headed 'Preservation of secrecy' (section 34). This contributionseeks to evaluate section 34 in the context of transparency and ascertain whether it is in conflict with other legislation pertaining to the promotion of access to information and, in particular, (...) whether it is consistent with the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. (shrink)
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Ibn kammūna and the ‘‘new wisdom” of the thirteenth century.Y. Tzvi Langermann -2005 -Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 15 (2):277-327.detailsSa‘d ibn Mansūr Ibn Kammūna was a Jewish physician-philosopher of Iraqi origin who flourished in the thirteenth century. Best known for his original and comparative inquiry into the three monotheistic faiths, whose publication nearly cost him his life, he was, in fact, a very productive thinker, and a scholar well in tune with developments in the philosophy and science of his day. He had personal contact with some leading intellectuals, and he played an important role in the diffusion of some (...) new trends of thought. His legacy, in the form of commentaries, correspondence, and original works, is now being studied in earnest. (shrink)
Postmodernism as a Borderland of Ages.Y. V. Oleinikov -2019 -Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 62 (2):26-41.detailsPostmodernism is considered as the historical stage of the transition of contemporary society from mature industrial capitalism to the qualitatively new technological and social production order. The real transformations of contemporary society’s factors have been brought into the correlation with the production changes that determine transition from Modern Age machine technologies to nanotechnologies. Existence of Postmodern society is presented as the borderland of historical ages, that is, as the period of the fading away of the Modern Age social forms and (...) of the becoming of social activity’s new forms that are specific for the new age of the development of society and of the worldwide socionatural entity. The author analyzes theoretical and worldview potential of Postmodern philosophy and its inability to represent further postindustrial society evolution tendencies. Possible scenarios of Рostmodern society evolution are considered in the context of contemporary concepts on the changes in the human role in nature and society as well as in the context of the trends of socionatural Universe development. The paper reveals technical, technological and social presuppositions of the transition from the nature-historical stage of society development to the true historical stage of human development. (shrink)
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The mind of Adi Shankara.Y. Keshava Menon -1976 - Bombay: Jaico Pub. House.detailsOn the life and teachings of Śaṅkarācārya, exponent of Hindu Advaita Vedanta philosophy.
On the Too Often Overlooked Complexity of the Tension between Subject and Object.Y. Ataria -2016 -Constructivist Foundations 11 (3):550-552.detailsOpen peer commentary on the article “Consciousness as Self-Description in Differences” by Diana Gasparyan. Upshot: Gasparyan’s article ignores the inherent tension of being a human who is both a subject and an object at the same time. Any theory of consciousness must include both of these dimensions.
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Left‐right asymmetry in vertebrates. Y. Almirantis -1995 -Bioessays 17 (1):79-83.detailsA mechanism for the generation of the morphological left‐right asymmetry in higher organisms is proposed, based on the idea that chirality at the molecular level is the primordial source for macroscopic asymmetry. This mechanism accounts for a variety of experimental results on artificial production of situs inversus and fits well with mutations in mice causing visceral transposition.
On the emotions.Y. H. Gunther -2001 -Australasian Journal of Philosophy 79 (3):437 – 439.detailsBook Information On the Emotions. By R. Wollheim. Yale University Press. New Haven/London. 1999. Pp. xiii + 269. Hardback, US$25.00.
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Arkhabīlāt mā baʻda al-ḥadāthah: rihānāt al-dhāt al-insānīyah min saṭwat al-inghilāq ila iqrār al-inʻitāq = Archipelagos postmodern human self bets: the influence of narrow-mindedness to the adoption of emancipation.Muḥammad Bakkāy -2017 - Bayrūt: Dār al-Rāfidayn lil-Ṭibāʻah wa-al-Nashr wa-al-Tawzīʻ.detailsModernism; philosophical aspects; culture conflict; influence; East and West; intellectual life; 21st century.
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On the technologizing and technocratic trends in bioethics.Y. Barilan -2002 -Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics 12 (5):176-180.detailsContemporary bioethics is usually notable for its focus on the uses and abuses of biomedical technology, on personal liberty and the on the formulation of ethical problems as dilemmas to be solved by utilitarian calculus within the frameworks of committees and institutional guidelines. It is argued that these developments actually reflect a technologization of medical ethics itself, which more often relies non-personal algorithms of utility.This is explained, from a historical point of view, by the impact of technology on the concepts (...) of nature and naturalism and by the triumphs of modern science, which obscures non-scientific modes of discourse. The article acknowledges some benefits of the technologization of ethics such as the democratization of decision-making but the discussion concentrates on five arguments against the dominance of utilitarianism in medical ethics. The common denominator of these arguments is that utilitarianism fails its own standards by undermining trust in the public domain. The loss of trust is brought about by the displacement of the phenomenological self and from fostering adversarialism in ethical discourse. (shrink)
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