Movatterモバイル変換

ZusammenfassungIn massenmedialen Darstellungen wird das Hormon Oxytocin gegenwärtig als biochemische Basis von Sozialität und wirkmächtiger neuropharmakologischer Lösungsansatz für die (Wieder‑)Herstellung der gesellschaftlichen Kohäsion verhandelt. Mit Blick auf die ursprüngliche Bedeutung des Hormons als „Körperhormon“ zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts soll im vorliegenden Artikel die außergewöhnliche Karriere von Oxytocin vom Regulator des Geburtsvorgangs hin zum Regulator der Gesellschaft nachgezeichnet werden. Woraus bezieht eine solch voraussetzungsvolle Behauptung ihre Intelligibilität und Akzeptabilität? Unsere Analyse des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses um Oxytocin (1906–1990), des massenmedialen Diskurses seit (...) den 1990er Jahren sowie dessen Rückwirkungen auf den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs im gleichen Zeitraum verweist auf eine Serie von Re-Konfigurationen von wissenschaftlichen Theorien und Praktiken, sowie der Konzeption der Substanz an sich. Nachdem es sich in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts etabliert, wird Oxytocin bereits in den 1950er Jahren zum Neurohormon, findet in den folgenden Jahrzehnten jedoch kaum wissenschaftliche Aufmerksamkeit. Erst im Zuge des massenmedialen Interesses für die postulierten Wirkungen des Hormons in Zusammenhang mit Liebe und Bindung gerät die Substanz zunehmend in den Fokus empirischer Forschung. Die Rezeption von Oxytocin als neurohormonelle Basis der individuellen Soziabilität speist sich zum einen aus dem massenmedialen Diskurs, zum anderen aus bereits in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts gemachten biopolitischen Verknüpfungen, die auf die Regulierung des Lebendigen abzielen, sowie aus einem technowissenschaftlichen Modus der Oxytocinforschung: an ihrem Schnittpunkt avanciert Oxytocin zum Sozialhormon, so unsere These. (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Using the example of cross-cultural philosophy’s relation to disciplinary philosophy, this article seeks to think through some of the issues relevant to diversifying philosophy as an academic discipline. Guided by James Tully’s ruminations on non-domination, it attempts to make a case for a practice of philosophy which is more attuned to its social situatedness in a postindustrial, liberal society. Within this context, it argues that disciplinary philosophy must seek to contribute to making meaning of our place in the world.

Direct download(5 more)   Export citation   Bookmark   7 citations  

This article explores the concept of institution as the legal performance par excellence. It starts by giving an account of the perspective that Merleau-Ponty opens on the notion of institution and aims to show the connection with the concept of passivity. The central focus is on the dynamics of instituting: in order to deal with this concept and to see its implications in the field of philosophy, it will proceed by making Merleau-Ponty’s speculations dialogue with the research conducted in the (...) same year by Deleuze: Instincts et institutions. In passing, it will be necessary to show what is at stake in the debate on the concept of institution, and the short-circuits that can be avoided through a better conceptualisation. To this end, a brief reference will be made to the main anti-institutionalist currents that have left deep traces in the contemporary debate, and to the idea of institution that, more or less explicitly, is still at the heart of social sciences. Given these preliminary foundations, the project is to make the fundamental questions inherent to the concept of institution—its relationship with temporality, with history, as well as the “classic” contractualist alternative to the institution that is still at the heart of political philosophy—react with the research of Yan Thomas on the origin of ius and on law as the quintessential instituting technique. Finally, we will return to Merleau-Ponty to take his insights a bit further and show their potential in the contemporary debate on instituting praxis. (shrink)

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark   1 citation  

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Im allgemeinen Sprachgebrauch ist Toleranz eine unverzichtbare Tugend, durch die die Konflikthaftigkeit menschlicher Interaktionen in Zaum gehalten werden kann. In pluralistischen Gesellschaften soll Toleranz ferner eine gute Grundlage für ein friedliches Zusammenleben der unterschiedlichen Gruppierungen bieten. Auch im interkulturellen Kontext soll Toleranz für eine reibungslose Begegnung zwischen Mitgliedern unterschiedlicher Kulturen sorgen. Doch wie ist Toleranz im interkulturellen Kontext zu verstehen? Ist Toleranz eine Duldung des Mitgliedes einer anderen Kultur? Ist Toleranz eine Aufforderung dazu, den Anderen und seine Andersartigkeit zu ertragen? (...) Oder beinhaltet Toleranz im interkulturellen Miteinander eine Anerkennung des Anderen und seiner Andersartigkeit? Diese Fragen bilden den Rahmen der folgenden Untersuchung. (shrink)

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Direct download(3 more)   Export citation   Bookmark   1 citation  

L’historienne Lyndal Roper entreprend dans son ouvrage Oedipus and the Devil (1994) la reconstruction des paysages psychiques de quelques individus ayant vécu aux xvie et xviie siècles à Augsbourg. Elle y interprète de manière originale des sources provenant du Conseil municipal d’Augsbourg en ayant recours à des modèles psychanalytiques (Freud et Klein). Bien que cette méthode suscite des critiques en raison de son anachronisme, elle donne lieu à des résultats intéressants qui vont plus loin que la révélation d’obsessions sexuelles. L. (...) Roper part en effet du présupposé que la forme symbolique des fantasmes psychiques n’est pas figée. Ainsi elle entreprend l’observation de conflits intérieurs à partir de leurs représentations culturelles et détermine des différences entre hommes et femmes ancrées dans une corporalité historique. (shrink)

No categories

Direct download(3 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

BackgroundIt is becoming increasingly apparent that the COVID-19 pandemic not only poses risks to physical health, but that it also might lead to a global mental health crisis, making the exploration of protective factors for mental well-being highly relevant. The present study seeks to investigate religious/spiritual well-being as a potential protective factor with regard to psychiatric symptom burden and addictive behavior.Materials and MethodsThe data was collected by conducting an online survey in the interim period between two national lockdowns with young (...) adults in Austria. The primary study variables were assessed through the Brief Symptom Inventory 18, the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test and the Multidimensional Inventory for Religious/Spiritual Well-Being short version, with its sub-dimensions Hope, Forgiveness, General Religiosity, and Connectedness.ResultsWe observed HO and FO as substantial negative predictors of psychiatric symptom burden. With regard to addictive behavior, HO in particular but also GR seem to have a protective function. Furthermore, we found positive connections between CO, psychiatric symptom burden, and addictive behavior.ConclusionIn line with our assumptions, HO, FO and to a minor extent GR were confirmed as negative predictors regarding psychiatric symptom burden or addictive behavior in young adults, coping with the psychological threat of COVID-19 pandemic. These dimensions might be further considered as potential resources in clinical treatment. However, the positive prediction of mental illness parameters by increased feelings of CO could also be interpreted as an expression of exhaustion and alienation from the real world. (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag verbindet die Daten aktueller DSB-Bestandserhebungen und der 10. koordinierten Bevölkerungsvorausberechnung des Statistischen Bundesamtes zu einer interdisziplinären Studie über die voraussichtliche Mitgliederentwicklung des organisierten Sports. Durch die Berücksichtigung der derzeit denkbaren Minimal- und Maximalvarianten soll dabei der Einfluss des demografischen Wandels auf die Sportentwicklung empirisch eingegrenzt werden. Ziel ist es, sowohl absolute als auch altersstrukturelle Konsequenzen für die Zukunft des DOSB aufzuzeigen. Sich abzeichnende Chancen, Risiken und Ressourcen werden hierbei gesondert hervorgehoben und auf entsprechende Forderungen an den organisierten (...) Sport abgeleitet. (shrink)

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Export citation   Bookmark  

Essay in the collection What does it mean to be a philosopher of Asian descent?

Export citation   Bookmark  

Sowohl der 1. Band von Cassirers Philosophie der symbolischen Formen als auch Freyers Theorie des objektiven Geistes erschienen 1923. Programmatisch wird ein Erbe Hegels angezeigt, doch die Durchführung könnte unterschiedlicher kaum sein: auf der einen Seite ein normatives Projekt, das den objektiven Geist verfestigen will, auf der anderen Seite ein deskriptives Unterfangen, das die Pluralität des objektiven Geistes zur Geltung bringen möchte und dessen Normativität selbst auf den Prüfstand stellt. 100 Jahre später lässt sich fragen, ob sich die Unterscheidung zwischen (...) normativen und deskriptiven Momenten produktiv auf gegenwärtige kulturphilosophische Reflexionen übertragen lässt. Wo standen wir damals, wo stehen wir heute? (shrink)

Export citation   Bookmark  

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark   1 citation  

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark   1 citation  

Musik stellt heute soziale Beziehungen her, die kein Eigentum mehr verlangen. Aber sie kann trotzdem nicht systemunabhängig agieren, ohne selbst Teil einer kapitalen Verwertungslogik zu sein. Dieser unauflösbare Konflikt ist die Basslinie für einen Mix, den AndrzejSteinbach und Achim Szepanski in Ultrablack of Music: Feindliche Übernahme vorlegen.Steinbach montiert drei unterschiedliche Texte: Eine TV-Talkshow als Kammerspiel, eine Namensliste aller RAF-Mitglieder in Form einer Partitur und einen Computercode einer zerhackten McKinsey Werbung. 1971 hatte der WDR die Sendung "Ende (...) offen: Pop und Co - die andere Musik zwischen Protest und Kommerz!" ausgestrahlt, bei der Nikel Pallat, Mitglied der Band Ton Steine Scherben, eine Axt unter seiner Jacke hervorholte und mehrmals mit voller Kraft auf den Tisch einschlug. Er ging dabei nicht kaputt, aber die Geste war unmissverständlich. (shrink)

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

The Philosophy of Culture lacks instruments to deal with nature’s becoming a concept defined by political and social interventions in the era of Technoscience. The following article builds a bridge between Ernst Cassirer’s Philosophy of Culture and approaches capable of criticizing the era of Technoscience and the concept of nature therein, such as that developed by Donna Haraway. The Philosophy of Culture, as a situated knowledge, then becomes a form of critique.

No categories

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

The process of singuralisation transforms the public office as the traditional embodiment of the common welfare. With formal authority vanishing as source of power, public office loses its privileged impact on the formation of public opinion. At the same time, the public office holder continues to rely on acceptance and approval as sources of legitimacy. In line with the behavioral pattern of singularisation, leaders in public office then pursue the unique in their performance and appearance. This implies a change of (...) the type of public authority in the sense of Max Weber (from legal to charismatic authority) leading to adaptation reactions on the part of the office holder: by joining markets of attention and valorisation; by reacting to the intensification of communicative and physical violence through legislation; and by institutionalising participation offers for socio-economic groups in policy-making. (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Name der Zeitschrift: Nietzscheforschung Jahrgang: 21 Heft: 1 Seiten: 305-322.

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Export citation   Bookmark  

Das Buch eröffnet mit Hans Blumenberg und Paul Ricœur einen Problemhorizont hermeneutischen Geschichtsdenkens: Die Frage, wie die Geschichte angesichts ihrer Diskontinuität in der Moderne noch zu denken sein kann, irritiert immer auch die eigene Identität und provoziert ein Denken von Geschichte und Identität, das sich möglichen Revisionen gegenüber offen zeigt. Und es erlaubt eine immer wieder neue Aneignung und Interpretation des Selbst in Auseinandersetzung mit der eigenen Kultur, Geschichte und Wirklichkeit.

No categories

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Using some renditions of Sītā stories from the epic Rāmāyaṇa, this article will endeavor to make a case for reflecting on presentist concerns and interests and being aware of their impact on scholarship. Arguably, narrow syntactical and semantic analyses of translations and of purported convergences in historical and linguistic analyses do not suffice to give a handle on understanding how these concerns and interests might influence selection of pertinent sources and their readings. A more sustained analysis of their impact is (...) needed. Shun Kwong-loi’s methodological work provides a good ground to take that conversation forward. (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Offering a teaching guide for instructors looking to broaden their view of philosophy, diversify their teaching, or discover a new way of thinking about our place in the world, this book explores how Anglo-American, Chinese, Indian, African, Islamic, and Maori thinkers have all addressed fundamental questions in philosophy. Featuring teaching notes, discussion questions, and a list of further reading, this is a book packed with the background, guidance, and tools required to teach different philosophies.

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Export citation   Bookmark  

This paper will focus on Pandita Ramabai’s attempt to question and expose the caste-race interlinkage prevalent in colonial India. Like her contemporaries, Ramabai too does seem to have believed that caste was a distinguishing feature of Indian society. Nevertheless, she apparently rejected the idea that it was a rigid and unchanging feature of Hinduism.

Export citation   Bookmark  

One of the great challenges in word learning is that words are typically uttered in a context with many potential referents. Children's tendency to associate novel words with novel referents, which is taken to reflect a mutual exclusivity (ME) bias, forms a useful disambiguation mechanism. We study semantic learning in pragmatic agents—combining the Rational Speech Act model with gradient‐based learning—and explore the conditions under which such agents show an ME bias. This approach provides a framework for investigating a pragmatic account (...) of the ME bias in humans but also for building artificial agents that display an ME bias. A series of analyses demonstrates striking parallels between our model and human word learning regarding several aspects relevant to the ME bias phenomenon: online inference, long‐term learning, and developmental effects. By testing different implementations, we find that two components, pragmatic online inference and incremental collection of evidence for one‐to‐one correspondences between words and referents, play an important role in modeling the developmental trajectory of the ME bias. Finally, we outline an extension of our model to a deep neural network architecture that can process more naturalistic visual and linguistic input. Until now, in contrast to children, deep neural networks have needed indirect access to (supposed to be novel) test inputs during training to display an ME bias. Our model is the first one to do so without using this manipulation. (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Bullying is a global issue that, beyond school, is present in different social contexts, such as sport environments. The main objective of this study was to get to know the experiences of victims of bullying in sport throughout their youth sport training. Semi-structured interviews to four Spanish women and seven Spanish men were carried out, within an age range of 17–27. The following main themes were established by means of a hierarchical content analysis: “bullying characterization,” “dealing with bullying,” and “consequences (...) of bullying.” The results show the presence of physical, verbal and social bullying in the sport context, with the changing room being the space where this type of behavior is most frequently developed. Most victims show an internal attribution for the bullying event, related to their motor skills and their personal physical and psychological characteristics. Double victimization can be observed, at the sport club and at the educational center. Passive strategies are used to deal with the situation, while little support is shown by sport agents. The victims, as a consequence of the bullying experience, suffer from short and long-term negative effects on a psychosocial level. The study highlights the necessity to design and implement programs focused on the prevention, detection and intervention of bullying for sport organizations, bearing in mind all the agents that make them up. Furthermore, the importance of promoting the creation of safe sport environments, free from any kind of violence, is emphasized. (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

No categories

Export citation   Bookmark  

No categories

Export citation   Bookmark  

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Alberto Fragio, Martina Philippi und Josefa Ros Velasco (Hrsg.), Metaphorologie, Anthropologie, Phänomenologie. Neue Forschungen zum Nachlass Hans Blumenbergs, Freiburg u. a.: Karl Alber 2019.

No categories

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Direct download(3 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

Natural languages come in two different modalities. The impact of modality on the grammatical structure and linguistic theory has been discussed at great length in the last 20 years. By contrast, the impact of modality on linguistic data elicitation and collection, corpus studies and experimental (psycholinguistic) studies is still underinvestigated (van Herreweghe/Vermeerbergen 2012; Orfanidou et al. 2015). In this paper, we address specific challenges that arise in judgement data elicitation and experimental studies of sign languages. These challenges are related to (...) the socio-linguistic status of the Deaf community and the larger variability across signers within the same community, to the social status of sign languages, to properties of ;he visual-gestural modality and its interface with gesture, to methodological aspects of handling sign language data, and to specific linguistic features of sign languages. While some of these challenges also pertain to (some varieties of) spoken languages, other challenges are more modality-specific. In addition, the special combination of the challenges discussed in this paper seems to be a specific facet empirical research on sign languages is faced with. In addition, we discuss the complementarity of theoretical approaches and experimental studies and show how the interaction of both approaches contributes to a better understanding of sign languages in particular and linguistic structures in general. (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark   2 citations  

To step up the activity level of academic philosophizing, “Teaching World Philosophies” will propose that one first engage in a thorough housecleaning before teaching world-philosophical traditions today. In the path that will be sketched as an example in this regard, I will critically engage “the West,” a concept that looms over an adequate academic engagement with world philosophies today. Bringing into the conversation Humayun Kabir’s (1906–1969) analysis of philosophy as a space that can generate and foster critical independent thinking within (...) a society, I will argue that a change in ingrained patterns of conducting a social activity like academic philosophy can be changed. This change might, in fact, be urgent especially in those locales in Europe in which academic philosophy as it is practiced today was crafted. (shrink)

Direct download(4 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

This volume attempts to bring into philosophical focus central problems and topics of intercultural salience. Simultaneously, our underlying aim is to render philosophical analysis more accessible to those social sciences in which intercultural studies are now firmly established. Both these concerns – a philosophical clarification of relevant terms and concepts as well as a broadening of the thematic spectrum – are not merely of academic interest, for by constructively contributing to a more rigorous analysis of intercultural discourse in a whole (...) range of academic disciplines, the intellectual self-understanding of society in general can be beneficially impacted. Given such an academically and socially oriented agenda, this anthology has collated contributions by authors, reputed for their expertise in intercultural topics and societal concerns. Concepts seminal both to multifarious intercultural processes, as well being central to the social sciences, are discussed from differing disciplinary perspectives. (shrink)

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

Is there a human right to immigration? In an endevour at answering this question, this 'Habilitationsschrift' uses extant literature on the ethics of immigration to work out a liberal and a communitarian model of individual freedom, national identity and group membership. These models are supplemented by an analysis of the German debate on immigration between 1990 and 2005.

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark   1 citation  

Im Folgenden stehen Menschenrechtsbegründungen im Mittelpunkt, die für den interkulturellen Kontext konzipiert wurden. In der Analyse dieser Begründungen ist der Begriff des Menschenrechts unverzichtbar; dieser wird daher zunächst skizziert. Im Anschluss soll die Struktur einer interkulturell-philosophisch tragbaren Menschenrechtsbegründung entwickelt werden.

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

This paper tries to show that there is a shift in the meaning of toleration. The traditional meaning of toleration, understood as endurance, is giving way to a more positive understanding of the concept. This is because the traditional meaning of toleration ill-fits with values like the intrinsic worth of human beings, universal rights, etc. Especially in pluralistic societies, endurance of the Other is becoming increasingly unacceptable; minorities and their defendants demand respect, acceptance, and appreciation of the Other. The first (...) section delivers a framework of the general meaning of liberal toleration. Here, the shift in meaning will be highlighted. In the second section, I will try to situate Radhakrishnan’s views within this debate. (shrink)

Direct download(3 more)   Export citation   Bookmark   1 citation  

A simplified relationship between setting of a norm and an individual’s compliance can be characterized by three distinct stages: norm comprehension and processing; the deliberate compliance decision of the individual; and non-deliberate decision-making. On each stage, there is insight from social sciences, experimental psychology and behavioural law and economics making different predictions about individual compliance behaviour. We study the implications of extra-juridical insight as well as normative constitutional requirements on the optimal design of norms. We find considerable variance in norm (...) designs for improving compliance depending on the respective empirical insight. Regarding norm comprehension, there is ambiguity in the relationship between individual’s limited cognitive processing capacity and the constitutional law imperative for norm specificity. The stage of deliberate decision-making relates to the rationality model of human behaviour allowing for economic, reciprocal, communicative human dispositions, each of which requires different law designs to induce individual’s compliance. Homo oeconomicus responds to law design using costs as steering tool. Homo reciprocans can be directed through decentralized self-regulation, governance of small political units and belief management. And compliance of homo communicans can be induced when procedures are perceived as being fair and inclusive. Finally, the existence of non-deliberate decision-making may justify paternalistic legal measures. The findings may inform lawmakers in how to design and draft laws to optimize norm compliance. (shrink)

Direct download(3 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

The ecological crisis has long since reached global proportions, so that environmental problems can no longer be tackled solely within national borders. This anthology opens intercultural perspectives on environmental ethics and hightlights the potential of non-European traditions of thought for exploring alternative paths.

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark   1 citation  

No categories

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Sikh Philosophy as a Philosophy-of-PracticeMonika Kirloskar-Steinbach (bio)Some recent publications on Indian philosophy argue that the colonial narrative about the philosophical traditions from the subcontinent was erroneous. It wrongly suggested that the erstwhile Brahmanic thought embodied by the darśanas was an exhaustive representation of philosophical activity on the subcontinent and that this activity came to a grinding halt with the onset of European modernity. In an attempt at rectifying (...) this story, one path proposed by philosopher Vrinda Dalmiya (Dalmiya 2016, p. 125) is to cognize and fix the "epistemophilic excesses" in the field, that is, the obsessive compulsion in conventional academic philosophy to engage in theory for theory's sake. In the study of Indian philosophy, this malady manifests as the practice of channeling philosophical analysis solely through a darśanic framing. This monofocal lens, however, is unable to reflect either the diversity of practices on the ground or values like intellectual freedom that drive some such practices.Arvind-Pal Mandair's Sikh Philosophy: Exploring Gurmat Concepts in a Decolonizing World (Bloomsbury, 2022), discussed here in this forum, speaks to these concerns and offers a possible way forward. Sikh Philosophy advocates a liminal perspective from which to engage with the set of philosophical practices that emanated on the subcontinent around the figure of Guru Nanak (1469–1539) and the teachings of the Sikh gurus (gurmat). In the first part of my response, I will bring into this conversation Mandair's philosophical orientation to ask whether and how he would contribute to that debate. In the second part, I will project the haumai—one concept doing much of the work in Sikh Philosophy—as one viable path that may be able to contribute to the correction of the epistemophilia currently afflicting a judicious study of world-philosophical traditions.In my limited understanding, Mandair's rendition of the haumai may serve as one component that could be implemented fruitfully in broadening the perspective on Indian philosophy. Mandair observes that a postcolonial sensibility demands a philosophical orientation that does not continue its proprietary attitude toward philosophical positions. I share his view. Instead of parading these positions as possessions that embellish one's academic finesse, they should be considered as ways of navigating life adequately. In doing so, however, the making of such navigational routes may profit from a deliberate reflection on them from different standpoints. [End Page 348]Halting Exclusivist Historiographical Trends in PhilosophyTwo recent handbooks on Indian philosophy reflect the growing awareness that changes in the field's self-understanding are imperative, should imperialist and colonial historiographies that affect this understanding be upturned. Jonardon Ganeri's editorial introduction to the Oxford Handbook of Indian Philosophy—"Why Indian Philosophy? Why Now?"—argues that students of Indian philosophy should overcome the routinized fixation on the classical darśanas. In developing their accounts, they should factor in the "regionality, vernaculars, subaltern communities, [and] eccentrics" through which "scholarly networks, nodes of philosophical activity, transnational encounters, and contexts of philosophical invention" arose on the subcontinent (Ganeri 2017, p. 2). This broader approach would, in his view, not only be viable in halting the elitist and exclusivist historiography that was the default mode in the recent colonial past. In addition, it would be better equipped to grasp the richness of practices on the ground.Accordingly, his Handbook departs from the handbook genre on one core point: instead of delivering a supposedly comprehensive study of positions that would be indispensable to the reader to understand the intricacies of the field marked out as Indian philosophy, this Handbook chooses to narrate one multi-perspectival story about practices on the subcontinent that were philosophically motivated and are worthy of study today. It suggests through this move that there are other such possible stories that can be narrated. Relatedly, Purushottama Bilimoria and Amy Rayner's History of Indian Philosophy strives as well to make a case to go beyond the darśanic mold. It includes a variety of philosophical positions located on its peripheries. For example, Sikh philosophy, which notably is not included in the Ganeri volume, is incorporated here as a tradition that engaged darśanic practices. Balbinder Singh Bhogal, the author of... (shrink)

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark  

The term ‘environment’ is complex and conveys different meanings: the word ‘environment’ is employed as a synonym for space, territory, place, or ecosystem. A comprehensive definition of environment describes it as the set of conditions in which living takes place: it is the complex system of physical, chemical and biological factors, of living and non-living elements and of the relationships in which all the organisms that inhabit the planet are immersed. While we can envision many types of environment, the term (...) is commonly used in relation to nature, the so-called natural environment. This latter notion encompasses all forms of living and non-living beings; ecology is the science that studies the interactions of organisms with each other and with their physical surroundings. (shrink)

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

No categories

Direct download   Export citation   Bookmark  

No categories

Export citation   Bookmark  

Positive intergroup contact and cross-group friendships are known to have numerous benefits for intergroup relations in diverse schools. However, children do not always spontaneously engage in cross-group friendships, choosing rather to spend time with their ingroup peers. Several factors have previously been identified that influence children’s confidence in contact and subsequent development of cross-group friendships, including perceived intergroup similarity and reconciliation of intergroup differences. However, inducing perceived similarity may pose a threat to the person’s social identity and increase the need (...) for distinctiveness. Therefore, it remains unclear how one should manipulate perceived similarity and group boundaries when designing interventions that prepare school children for successful contact. Moreover, eliminating perceived group boundaries need not lead to the generalization of improved attitudes towards the outgroup. An optimal balance of inclusion and differentiation between the groups should be determined so as to make way for beneficial cross-group friendships. Based on a literature review, we provide recommendations for designing prejudice reduction interventions in schools from the perspective of intergroup similarity. (shrink)

No categories

Direct download(2 more)   Export citation   Bookmark