Results for 'Traut Hilary'
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- Why Does Cognitive Training Yield Inconsistent Benefits? A Meta-Analysis of Individual Differences in Baseline Cognitive Abilities and Training Outcomes.Hilary J.Traut,Ryan M. Guild &Yuko Munakata -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.Despite growing interest in improving cognitive abilities across the lifespan through training, the benefits of cognitive training are inconsistent. One powerful contributor may be that individuals arrive at interventions with different baseline levels of the cognitive skill being trained. Some evidence suggests poor performers benefit the most from cognitive training, showing compensation for their weak abilities, while other evidence suggests that high performers benefit most, experiencing a magnification of their abilities. Whether training leads to compensation or magnification effects may depend (...) upon the specific cognitive domain being trained and the training approach implemented. To clarify the association between individual differences in baseline cognitive ability and training gains as well as potential moderators, we conducted a systematic meta-analysis of the correlation between these two variables. We found evidence of a significant meta-correlation demonstrating a compensatory effect, a negative association between initial ability on a trained cognitive process and training gains. Too few papers met our search criteria across the levels of proposed moderators of cognitive domain and training approach to conduct a reliable investigation of their influence over the meta-analytic effect size. We discuss the implications of a compensatory meta-correlation, potential reasons for the paucity of qualifying papers, and important future directions for better understanding how cognitive trainings work and for whom. (shrink)
- Towards a Theory of Learning for Naming Rehabilitation: Retrieval Practice, Retrieval Effort, and Spacing Effects.Middleton Erica &TrautHilary -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6.
- (1 other version)Hilary Putnam.Hilary Putnam -unknownIn 1922 Skolem delivered an address before the Fifth Congress of Scandinavian Mathematicians in which he pointed out what he called a "relativity of set-theoretic notions". This "relativity" has frequently been regarded as paradoxical; but today, although one hears the expression "the Lowenheim-Skolem Paradox", it seems to be thought of as only an apparent paradox, something the cognoscenti enjoy but are not seriously troubled by. Thus van Heijenoort writes, "The existence of such a 'relativity' is sometimes referred to as the (...) Lowenheim-Skolem Paradox. (shrink)
- On Reflection.Hilary Kornblith -2012 - Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press.Hilary Kornblith presents a new account of mental reflection, and its importance for knowledge, reasoning, freedom, and normativity. He argues that reflection cannot solve the philosophical problems it has traditionally been thought to, and offers a more realistic, demystified view of its nature which draws on dual process approaches to cognition.
- Anonym unter grünem Rasen. Eine kulturwissenschaftliche Studie zu neuen Begräbnis- und Erinnerungsformen auf Friedhöfen.Traute Helmers -2005 -Die Philosophin 16 (31):29-41.
- 7. Horaz' Römeroden und der clupeus aureus 6, 13 ff. des monumentum Ancyranum.HugoTraut -1911 -Philologus: Zeitschrift für Antike Literatur Und Ihre Rezeption 70 (1-4):317-320.No categories
- Conditions on Cognitive Sanity and the Death of Internalism.Hilary Kornblith -2004 - In Richard Schantz,The Externalist Challenge. De Gruyter. pp. 77--88.
- Freedom and Responsibility.Hilary Bok -1998 - Princeton University Press.Can we reconcile the idea that we are free and responsible agents with the idea that what we do is determined according to natural laws? For centuries, philosophers have tried in different ways to show that we can.Hilary Bok takes a fresh approach here, as she seeks to show that the two ideas are compatible by drawing on the distinction between practical and theoretical reasoning.Bok argues that when we engage in practical reasoning--the kind that involves asking "what should (...) I do?" and sifting through alternatives to find the most justifiable course of action--we have reason to hold ourselves responsible for what we do. But when we engage in theoretical reasoning--searching for causal explanations of events--we have no reason to apply concepts like freedom and responsibility. Bok contends that libertarians' arguments against "compatibilist" justifications of moral responsibility fail because they describe human actions only from the standpoint of theoretical reasoning. To establish this claim, she examines which conceptions of freedom of the will and moral responsibility are relevant to practical reasoning and shows that these conceptions are not vulnerable to many objections that libertarians have directed against compatibilists. Bok concludes that the truth or falsity of the claim that we are free and responsible agents in the sense those conceptions spell out is ultimately independent of deterministic accounts of the causes of human actions.Clearly written and powerfully argued, Freedom and Responsibility is a major addition to current debate about some of philosophy's oldest and deepest questions. (shrink)
- Mind, Language and Reality: Philosophical Papers.Hilary Putnam -1975 - New York: Cambridge University Press.ProfessorHilary Putnam has been one of the most influential and sharply original of recent American philosophers in a whole range of fields. His most important published work is collected here, together with several new and substantial studies, in two volumes. The first deals with the philosophy of mathematics and of science and the nature of philosophical and scientific enquiry; the second deals with the philosophy of language and mind. Volume one is now issued in a new edition, including (...) an essay on the philosophy of logic first published in 1971. (shrink)
- Scientific Epistemology: An Introduction.Hilary Kornblith -2021 - New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press, Usa."This book provides an introduction to a scientifically informed approach to epistemological questions. Theories of knowledge are often motivated by the need to respond to skepticism. The skeptic presents an argument which seems to show that knowledge is impossible, and a theory of knowledge is called upon to show, contrary to the skeptic, how knowledge is indeed possible. Traditional epistemologies, however, do not draw on the sciences in providing their response to skepticism. The approach taken here, however, shows how an (...) epistemology which is informed by the sciences offers an especially illuminating understanding of the nature of knowledge and what makes it possible. Along the way, a distinctive methodology for philosophy is defended, as is an approach to understanding how inference is conducive to knowledge which highlights various structural similarities between the workings of our perceptual systems and native inferential mechanisms. A perspective on the human capacity to reflect on our beliefs is defended which highlights its importance in cooperative problem solving"--. (shrink)
- Reason, Truth and History.Hilary Putnam -1981 - New York: Cambridge University Press.Hilary Putnam deals in this book with some of the most fundamental persistent problems in philosophy: the nature of truth, knowledge and rationality. His aim is to break down the fixed categories of thought which have always appeared to define and constrain the permissible solutions to these problems.
- Comparing Existence and Non-Existence.Hilary Greaves &John Cusbert -2022 - In Jeff McMahan, Timothy Campbell, Ketan Ramakrishnan & Jimmy Goodrich,Ethics and Existence: The Legacy of Derek Parfit. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.No categories
- The Political economy of science: ideology of/in the natural sciences.Hilary Rose &Steven Peter Russell Rose (eds.) -1976 - London: Macmillan.
- Gaps in Ethics Consultation Support for Patients and Families and Practical Guidance for Future Research or Quality Work Involving These Stakeholders.Hilary Mabel,Sundus Riaz,Marguerite Augustine &Jane Jankowski -2020 -American Journal of Bioethics 20 (6):75-77.Volume 20, Issue 6, June 2020, Page 75-77.
- [no title].Hilary Kornblith -1998No categories
- Renewing Philosophy.Hilary Putnam -1992 - Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Hilary Putnam, one of America’s most distinguished philosophers, surveys an astonishingly wide range of issues and proposes a new, clear-cut approach to philosophical questions—a renewal of philosophy. He contests the view that only science offers an appropriate model for philosophical inquiry. His discussion of topics from artificial intelligence to natural selection, and of reductive philosophical views derived from these models, identifies the insuperable problems encountered when philosophy ignores the normative or attempts to reduce it to something else.
- (1 other version)Everett and Evidence.Hilary Greaves &Wayne Myrvold -2010 - In Simon Saunders, Jonathan Barrett, Adrian Kent & David Wallace,Many Worlds?: Everett, Quantum Theory, & Reality. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press UK.Much of the evidence for quantum mechanics is statistical in nature. The Everett interpretation, if it is to be a candidate for serious consideration, must be capable of doing justice to reasoning on which statistical evidence in which observed relative frequencies that closely match calculated probabilities counts as evidence in favour of a theory from which the probabilities are calculated. Since, on the Everett interpretation, all outcomes with nonzero amplitude are actualized on different branches, it is not obvious that sense (...) can be made of ascribing probabilities to outcomes of experiments, and this poses a prima facie problem for statistical inference. It is incumbent on the Everettian either to make sense of ascribing probabilities to outcomes of experiments in the Everett interpretation, or to find a substitute on which the usual statistical analysis of experimental results continues to count as evidence for quantum mechanics, and, since it is the very evidence for quantum mechanics that is at stake, this must be done in a way that does not presuppose the correctness of Everettian quantum mechanics. This requires an account of theory confirmation that applies to branching-universe theories but does not presuppose the correctness of any such theory. In this paper, we supply and defend such an account. The account has the consequence that statistical evidence can confirm a branching-universe theory such as Everettian quantum mechanics in the same way in which it can confirm a probabilistic theory. (shrink)
- Knowledge and its place in nature.Hilary Kornblith -2002 - New York: Oxford University Press.Hilary Kornblith argues for a naturalistic approach to investigating knowledge. Knowledge, he explains, is a feature of the natural world, and so should be investigated using scientific methods. He offers an account of knowledge derived from the science of animal behavior, and defends this against its philosophical rivals. This controversial and refreshingly original book offers philosophers a new way to do epistemology.
- Comments on Ruth Anna Putnam's “hilary Putnam's moral philosophy”.Hilary Putnam -2012 - In Maria Baghramian,Reading Putnam. New York: Routledge. pp. 257.No categories
- Global Consequentialism.Hilary Greaves -2020 - In Douglas W. Portmore,The Oxford Handbook of Consequentialism. New York, USA: Oup Usa. pp. 423--40.No categories
- Biblical Prophets and Contemporary Environmental Ethics.Hilary Marlow -2009No categoriesExport citation
Bookmark - Mind and body.Hilary Putnam -1981 - InReason, Truth and History. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Representation and Reality.Hilary Putnam -1987 - MIT Press.Hilary Putnam, who may have been the first philosopher to advance the notion that the computer is an apt model for the mind, takes a radically new view of his...
- Is Logic Empirical?Hilary Putnam -1968 -Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 5.
- Non-symbolic arithmetic in adults and young children.Hilary Barth,Kristen La Mont,Jennifer Lipton,Stanislas Dehaene,Nancy Kanwisher &Elizabeth Spelke -2006 -Cognition 98 (3):199-222.
- Realism and reason.Hilary Putnam (ed.) -1983 - New York: Cambridge University Press.This is the third volume ofHilary Putnam's philosophical papers, published in paperback for the first time. The volume contains his major essays from 1975 to 1982, which reveal a large shift in emphasis in the 'realist'_position developed in his earlier work. While not renouncing those views, Professor Putnam has continued to explore their epistemological consequences and conceptual history. He now, crucially, sees theories of truth and of meaning that derive from a firm notion of reference as inadequate.
- (1 other version)The meaning of 'meaning'.Hilary Putnam -1975 -Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science 7:131-193.
- Tough Breaks: Trans Rage and the Cultivation of Resilience.Hilary Malatino -2019 -Hypatia 34 (1):121-140.Countering hegemonic understandings of rage as a deleterious emotion, this article examines rage across specific sites of trans cultural production—the prison letters of CeCe McDonald and the durational performance art of Cassils—in order to argue that it is integral to trans survival and flourishing. Theorizing rage as a justified response to unlivable circumstances, a response that plays a key role in enabling trans subjects to detach from toxic relational dynamics in order to transition toward other forms of gendered subjectivity and (...) intimate communality, I develop an account of what I call an “infrapolitical ethics of care” that indexes a web of communal practices that empathetically witness and amplify rage, as well as support subjects during and after moments of grappling with overwhelming negative affect. I draw on the work of trans, queer, and feminist theorists who have theorized the productivities of so‐called “negative” affects, particularly Sara Ahmed's work on willfulness and killing joy, María Lugones's writing on anger, Judith Butler's Spinozan reassessment of the vexed relations between self‐preservation and self‐destruction, and the rich account of trans rage provided by Susan Stryker. (shrink)
- Effective Altruism: Philosophical Issues.Hilary Greaves &Theron Pummer (eds.) -2019 - Oxford: Oxford University Press.This is the first collective study of the thinking behind the effective altruism movement. This movement comprises a growing global community of people who organise significant parts of their lives around the two key concepts represented in its name. Altruism is the idea that if we use a significant portion of the resources in our possession—whether money, time, or talents—with a view to helping others then we can improve the world considerably. When we do put such resources to altruistic use, (...) it is crucial to focus on how much good this or that intervention is reasonably expected to do per unit of resource expended (as a gauge of effectiveness). We can try to rank various possible actions against each other to establish which will do the most good with the resources expended. Thus we could aim to rank various possible kinds of action to alleviate poverty against one another, or against actions aimed at very different types of outcome, focused perhaps on animal welfare or future generations. The scale and organisation of the effective altruism movement encourage careful dialogue on questions that have perhaps long been there, throwing them into new and sharper relief, and giving rise to previously unnoticed questions. In this volume a team of internationally recognised philosophers, economists, and political theorists present refined and in-depth explorations of issues that arise once one takes seriously the twin ideas of altruistic commitment and effectiveness. (shrink)
- The Many Faces of Realism.Hilary Putnam -1987 - Open Court."The first two lectures place the alternative I defend -- a kind of pragmatic realism -- in a historical and metaphysical context. Part of that context is provided by Husserl's remark that the history of modern philosophy begins with Galileo -- that is, modern philosophy has been hypnotized by the idea that scientific facts are all the facts there are. Another part is provided by the analysis of a very simple example of what I call 'contextual relativity'. The position I (...) defend holds that truth depends on conceptual scheme and it is nonetheless 'real truth'. "In my third lecture I turn to the Kantian antecedents of this view, explaining what I think should be retained of the Kantian idea of autonomy as the central theme of morality, and extracting from Kant's work a 'moral image of the world' that connects the ideals of equality and intellectual liberty. In this lecture I defend the idea that moral images are an indispensible part of our moral and cultural heritage. "In the final lecture I defend the idea of moral objectivity. I compare our epistemological positions in ethics, history, analysis of human character, and science, and I argue that in no area can we hope for a 'foundation' which is more ultimate than the beliefs that actually, at a given time, function as foundational in the area, the beliefs concerning which one has to say 'this is where my spade is turned'. In ethics such beliefs are represented in moral images of the world.". (shrink)
- Epistemology: Internalism and Externalism.Hilary Kornblith (ed.) -2001 - Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.This anthology brings together ten papers which have defined and advanced the debate between internalism and externalism in epistemology.
- Philosophy of Mathematics Selected Readings /Edited by Paul Benacerraf,Hilary Putnam. --. --.Paul Benacerraf &Hilary Putnam -1983 - Cambridge University Press, 1983.
- Words and life.Hilary Putnam -1994 - Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Edited by James Conant.Hilary Putnam has been convinced for some time that the present situation in philosophy calls for revitalization and renewal; in this latest book he shows us ...
- In search of (spacetime) structuralism.Hilary Greaves -2011 -Philosophical Perspectives 25 (1):189-204.
- Realism and Reason: Philosophical Papers Vol. 3.Hilary Putnam -1983 - Cambridge University Press.
- Die Geburtsgeschichte der Evangelien im Lichte ägyptologischer Forschungen.Emma Brunner-Traut -1960 -Zeitschrift für Religions- Und Geistesgeschichte 12 (2):97-111.
- Der menschliche Körper – eine Gliederpuppe.Emma Brunner-Traut -2012 - In Bernd Janowski,Der Ganze Mensch: Zur Anthropologie der Antike Und Ihrer Europäischen Nachgeschichte. De Gruyter. pp. 25-34.No categories
- An unfortunate state of affairs.Hilary Greaves -2016 - In David Edmonds,Philosophers Take on the World. Oxford University Press UK.
- Probability in Everettian quantum mechanics.Hilary Greaves -unknown(a) How to design a nuclear power plant 3. Deutsch/Wallace solution to the practical problem (a) Argue that the rational Everettian agent makes decisions by maximizing expected utility, where the expectation value is an average over branches 4. The semantics of branching - two options..Export citation Bookmark
- Reflexivity: the post-modern predicament.Hilary Lawson -1985 - La Salle, Ill.: Open Court.
- Rewilding education: rethinking the place of schools now and in the future.Hilary Cremin -2026 - New York, NY: Routledge.Rewilding Education calls for a radical, system-wide reinvention of education as an adaptable ecosystem; less predictable and measurable, but far more suitable for shaping the adults of tomorrow. By encouraging us to transform how we think about education in what is left of the twenty-first century,Hilary Cremin connects directly with educators, parents, young people and policymakers to share a vision for healthy education settings and societies that nurture both human flourishing and sustainable ecosystems. Full of ideas about what (...) rewilding might look like when applied to education,Hilary Cremin evidences how education has been, and can be, successfully rewilded in schools and classrooms, including case studies from unexpected places like Kerala in India, where literacy rates exceed those in the United States. By combining academic research, poetry, and examples from around the world, the book will inspire the next generation of educators, decision-makers and families to take practical steps towards the education our children need and deserve. (shrink)Export citation Bookmark
- Inductive Inference and its Natural Ground.Hilary Kornblith -1993 - MIT Press.Hilary Kornblith presents an account of inductive inference that addresses both its metaphysical and epistemological aspects. He argues that inductive knowledge is possible by virtue of the fit between our innate psychological capacities and the causal structure of the world. Kornblith begins by developing an account of natural kinds that has its origins in John Locke's work on real and nominal essences. In Kornblith's view, a natural kind is a stable cluster of properties that are bound together in nature. (...) The existence of such kinds serves as a natural ground of inductive inference. Kornblith then examines two features of human psychology that explain how knowledge of natural kinds is attained. First, our concepts are structured innately in a way that presupposes the existence of natural kinds. Second, our native inferential tendencies tend to provide us with accurate beliefs about the world when applied to environments that are populated by natural kinds. (shrink)
- The Threefold Cord: Mind, Body, and World.Hilary Putnam -1999 - Columbia University Press.What is the relationship between our perceptions and reality? What is the relationship between the mind and the body? These are questions with which philosophers have grappled for centuries, and they are topics of considerable contemporary debate as well.Hilary Putnam has approached the divisions between perception and reality and between mind and body with great creativity throughout his career. Now, in _The Threefold Cord: Mind, Body, and World,_ he expounds upon these issues, elucidating both the strengths and weaknesses (...) of current schools of thought. With his characteristic wit and acuity, Putnam offers refreshing solutions to some of philosophy's most vexing problems. Putnam first examines the problem of realism: is objective truth possible? He acknowledges the deep impasse between empirical and idealist approaches to this question, critiquing them both, however, by highlighting the false assumption they share, that we cannot perceive the world directly. Drawing on the work of J. L. Austin and William James, Putnam develops a subtle and creative alternative, which he calls "natural realism." The second part of the book explores the mind-body question: is the mind independent of our interactions with the physical world? Again, Putnam critically assesses two sharply antithetical contemporary approaches and finds them both lacking. _The Threefold Cord_ shows the entire mind-body debate to be miscast and draws on the later work of Wittgenstein, once more advancing original views on perception and thought and their relationship with both the body and the external world. Finally, Putnam takes up two related problems--the role of causality in human behavior and whether or not thoughts and sensations have an "existence" all their own. With Putnam's lucid prose and insightful examples, _The Threefold Cord_ loosens the Gordian knots into which philosophy has bound itself over the issue of epistemology. (shrink)
- Science and Society.Hilary Rose,Steven Rose &David F. Horrobin -1971 -British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 22 (1):78-80.
- Philosophy in an Age of Science: Physics, Mathematics, and Skepticism.Hilary Putnam -2012 - Harvard University Press. Edited by Mario De Caro & David Macarthur.Selection of thirty six articles by Putnam, mostly written after 2000.
- The role of intuition in philosophical inquiry: An account with no unnatural ingredients.Hilary Kornblith -1998 - In[no title]. pp. 129-141.
- The Meaning of the Concept of Probability in Application to Finite Sequences.Hilary Putnam -1990 - Routledge.First published in 1990, this is a reissue of ProfessorHilary Putnam’s dissertation thesis, written in 1951, which concerns itself with The Meaning of the Concept of Probability in Application to Finite Sequences and the problems of the deductive justification for induction. Written under the direction of Putnam’s mentor, Hans Reichenbach, the book considers Reichenbach’s idealization of very long finite sequences as infinite sequences and the bearing this has upon Reichenbach’s pragmatic vindication of induction.
- Baron de Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de secondat.Hilary Bok -2008 -Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.Montesquieu was one of the great political philosophers of the Enlightenment. Insatiably curious and mordantly funny, he constructed a naturalistic account of the various forms of government, and of the causes that made them what they were and that advanced or constrained their development. He used this account to explain how governments might be preserved from corruption. He saw despotism, in particular, as a standing danger for any government not already despotic, and argued that it could best be prevented by (...) a system in which different bodies exercised legislative, executive, and judicial power, and in which all those bodies were bound by the rule of law. This theory of the separation of powers had an enormous impact on liberal political theory, and on the framers of the constitution of the United States of America. (shrink)
- Philosophy of Education.Hilary E. Davis -1994Export citation Bookmark
- A reply to Anthony Smith.Hilary Lawson -1999 - In Alan Montefiore & David Vines,Integrity in the Public and Private Domains. New York: Routledge. pp. 149.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
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Area Editors:
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Gwen Bradford
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David Chalmers
James Chase
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Esa Diaz-Leon
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Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
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Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
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