Results for 'Tobias Kerstner'
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- Cough Is Dangerous: Neural Correlates of Implicit Body Symptoms Associations.Daniela Mier,Michael Witthöft,Josef Bailer,Julia Ofer,TobiasKerstner,Fred Rist &Carsten Diener -2016 -Frontiers in Psychology 7.
- Editorial: The Caring Organisation.Tobias Gössling &Luc van Liedekerke -2014 -Journal of Business Ethics 120 (4):437-440.
- Ethik in Wirtschaft und Unternehmen in Zeiten der Krise.Johannes Wallacher,Christian Au,Tobias Karcher &George G. Brenkert (eds.) -2011 - Stuttgart: Verlag W. Kohlhammer.Papers from a conference held March 2010, Zug, Switzerland.
- Switching task sets creates event boundaries in memory.Yuxi Candice Wang &Tobias Egner -2022 -Cognition 221 (C):104992.
- Orthogonality of Phenomenality and Content.Gottfried Vosgerau,Tobias Schlicht &Albert Newen -2008 -American Philosophical Quarterly 45 (4):309 - 328.This paper presents arguments from empirical research and from philosophical considerations to the effect that phenomenality and content are two distinct and independent features of mental representations, which are both relational. Thus, it is argued, classical arguments that infer phenomenality from content have to be rejected. Likewise, theories that try to explain the phenomenal character of experiences by appeal to specific types of content cannot succeed. Instead, a dynamic view of consciousness has to be adopted that seeks to explain consciousness (...) by certain ways of processing representations. Therefore, only empirical methods that are able to investigate the dynamics of the mind can be used for the “quest for consciousness” proper. Moreover, the central intuitions about consciousness are best explained when phenomenality and content are clearly distinguished. (shrink)
- The creation of institutional reality, special theory of relativity, and mere Cambridge change.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2021 -Synthese 198 (6):5835-5860.Saying so can make it so, J. L. Austin taught us long ago. Famously, John Searle has developed this Austinian insight in an account of the construction of institutional reality. Searle maintains that so-called Status Function Declarations, allegedly having a “double direction of fit”, synchronically create worldly institutional facts, corresponding to the propositional content of the declarations. I argue that Searle’s account of the making of institutional reality is in tension with the special theory of relativity—irrespective of whether the account (...) is interpreted as involving causal generation or non-causal grounding of worldly institutional facts—and should be replaced by a more modest theory which interprets the results of Status Function Declarations in terms of mere Cambridge change and institutional truth. I end the paper by indicating the import of this more modest theory for theorizing about the causal potency of institutional phenomena generated by declarations. (shrink)
- Conceptual and empirical pinpointing of consciousness.Tobias A. Wagner-Altendorf -2023 -Journal of Cognition and Neuroethics 9 (1):51-65.Consciousness is targeted by both philosophers and neuroscientists; but different methodological premises and even different conceptions about what conscious experience is and how the challenges and potential problems associated with consciousness research should be formulated underlie the different approaches. Namely, whereas empirical data and the constant refinement of experimental procedures to expand and modify this body of empirical data and resulting empirical theories are crucial to neuroscience, the significance of empirical knowledge to philosophy is less clear: Although empirical data certainly (...) can influence philosophical concepts, the latter are nonetheless prerequisites of empirical research itself and thus may themselves not be empirically testable. The present paper elaborates from a multidisciplinary, neuroscientist-philosopher’s perspective the relation of philosophical concepts and empirical research on consciousness, drawing on two exemplary controversies from the philosophy of mind – on the ontological status of experiential properties and on free will. Consequences from both the scientific and the philosophical standpoint are discussed. (shrink)
- Philosophy and neuroscience on consciousness – response to Felipe León and Dan Zahavi.Tobias A. Wagner-Altendorf -2023 -Acta Neurochirurgica 165:3583-3584.León and Zahavi (2023) have made a compelling case for the necessity of philosophy — and not only neuroscience — for investigating consciousness. In particular, they argue that any theory of consciousness cannot avoid philosophical enquiry and thus only can choose between good or bad philosophy. Also, the topics of self-consciousness and selfhood are highlighted as problems of consciousness sui generis next to the mind–body problem. I will try to elucidate a bit more the specific approaches to consciousness that philosophy (...) and neuroscience take and thus elaborate why the philosophy and the neuroscience of consciousness are complimentary rather than mutually exclusive. (shrink)
- Causal powers and social ontology.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2020 -Synthese 197 (3):1357-1377.Over the last few decades, philosophers and social scientists have applied the so-called powers ontology to the social domain. I argue that this application is highly problematic: many of the alleged powers in the social realm violate the intrinsicality condition, and those that can be coherently taken to be intrinsic to their bearers are arguably causally redundant. I end the paper by offering a diagnosis of why philosophers and social scientists have been tempted to think that there are powers in (...) social realm. (shrink)
- Active Powers and Passive Powers – Do Causal Interactions Require Both?Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2019 -Philosophia 47 (5):1603-1612.Many powers metaphysicians postulate both active and passive powers, understood as distinct kinds of intrinsic causal properties of objects. I argue that the category of passive power is superfluous. I also offer a diagnosis of how philosophers are misled to postulate passive powers.
- 4-D Objects and Disposition Ascriptions.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2009 -Philosophical Papers 38 (1):35-72.Disposition ascription has been discussed a good deal over the last few decades, as has the revisionary metaphysical view of ordinary, persisting objects known as 'fourdimensionalism'. However, philosophers have not merged these topics and asked whether four-dimensional objects can be proper subjects of dispositional predicates. This paper seeks to remedy this oversight. It argues that, by and large, four-dimensional objects are not suited to take dispositional predicates.
- Empathy, Pain and Attention: Cues that Predict Pain Stimulation to the Partner and the Self Capture Visual Attention.Lingdan Wu,Ursula Kirmse,Tobias Flaisch,Ganna Boiandina,Anna Kenter &Harald T. Schupp -2017 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 11.
- Institutional objects, reductionism and theories of persistence.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2014 -Dialectica 68 (4):525-562.Can institutional objects be identified with physical objects that have been ascribed status functions, as advocated by John Searle in The Construction of Social Reality (1995)? The paper argues that the prospects of this identification hinge on how objects persist – i.e., whether they endure, perdure or exdure through time. This important connection between reductive identification and mode of persistence has been largely ignored in the literature on social ontology thus far.
- Martin Heideggers "Schwarze Hefte": eine philosophisch-politische Debatte.Marion Heinz,Sidonie Kellerer &Tobias Bender (eds.) -2016 - Berlin: Suhrkamp.
- Pflegefamilien zwischen öffentlicher und privater Erziehung : eine Form professioneller Liebe?Bettina Hünersdorf undTobias Studer -2011 - In Elmar Drieschner & Detlef Gaus,Liebe in Zeiten pädagogischer Professionalisierung. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag.Export citation
Bookmark - Meso-level Objects, Powers, and Simultaneous Causation.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2017 -Metaphysica 18 (1):107-125.I argue that Mumford and Anjum’s recent theory of simultaneous causation among powerful meso-level objects is problematic in several respects: it is based on a false dichotomy, it is incompatible with standard meso-level physics, it is explanatory deficient, and it threatens to render the powers metaphysics incoherent. Powers theorists are advised, therefore, to adopt a purely sequential conception of causation.
- Sparse Causation and Mere Abundant Causation.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2022 -Philosophical Studies 179 (11):3259-3280.Setting off from a familiar distinction in the philosophy of properties, this paper introduces a tripartite distinction between sparse causation, abundant causation and mere abundant causation. It is argued that the contrast between sparse and mere abundant causation allows us to resolve notorious philosophical issues having to do with negative causation, causation involving institutional properties and physical macro-causation in a way that is unified, intuitive and in line with scientific doctrines and practices.
- Progress in Understanding Consciousness? Easy and Hard Problems, and Philosophical and Empirical Perspectives.Tobias A. Wagner-Altendorf -2024 -Acta Analytica 2024 (4):1-18.David Chalmers has distinguished the “hard” and the “easy” problem of consciousness, arguing that progress on the “easy problem”—on pinpointing the physical/neural correlates of consciousness—will not necessarily involve progress on the hard problem—on explaining why consciousness, in the first place, emerges from physical processing. Chalmers, however, was hopeful that refined theorizing would eventually yield philosophical progress. In particular, he argued that panpsychism might be a candidate account to solve the hard problem. Here, I provide a concise stock-take on both the (...) empirical-neuroscientific and philosophical-conceptual progress on consciousness. It turns out that, whereas empirical progress is indisputable, philosophical progress is much less pronounced. While Chalmers was right, I argue, in distinguishing distinctive types of problems of consciousness, his prediction of progress on the hard problem was overly optimistic. Empirical progress and philosophical progress are essentially uncoupled; a more skeptical perspective on progress in philosophy in general is appropriate. (shrink)
- Audio–visual speech perception is special.Jyrki Tuomainen,Tobias S. Andersen,Kaisa Tiippana &Mikko Sams -2005 -Cognition 96 (1):B13-B22.
- Towards a Deflationary Truthmakers Account of Social Groups.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -forthcoming -Erkenntnis:1-18.I outline a deflationary truthmakers account of social groups. Potentially, the approach allows us to say, with traditional ontological individualists, that there are only pluralities of individuals out there, ontologically speaking, but that there are nevertheless colloquial and social-scientific truths about social groups. If tenable, this kind of theory has the virtue of being both ontologically parsimonious and compatible with ordinary and social-scientific discourse—a virtue which the stock reductive / ontological dependence accounts of social groups arguably lack.
- Endurance Per Se in B-time.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2009 -Metaphysica 10 (2):175-183.Three arguments for the conclusion that objects cannot endure in B-time even if they remain intrinsically unchanged are examined: Carter and Hestevolds enduring-objects-as-universals argument (American Philosophical Quarterly 31(4):269-283, 1994) and Barker and Dowe's paradox 1 and paradox 2 (Analysis 63(2):106-114, 2003, Analysis 65(1):69-74, 2005). All three are shown to fail.
- Tradition und Traditionsbruch zwischen Skepsis und Dogmatik.Claudia Bickmann,Hermann-Josef Scheidgen,Tobias Voßhenrich &Markus Wirtz -2009 -Philosophischer Literaturanzeiger 62 (1):49.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Denkwelt oder Kopfgeburt? Möglichkeiten eines Philosophie-Museums.Michael Siegel,Matthias Warkus &Tobias Weilandt -2015 - In Hanno Depner,Visuelle Philosophie. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Fulfilment: Crisis, discontinuity and the dark side of education.Norm Friesen &Tobias Hölterhof -2022 -Journal of Philosophy of Education 56 (4):547-559.The Oxford English Dictionary defines fulfilment as ‘satisfaction or happiness as a result of fully developing one's potential or realizing one's aspirations; self-fulfillment’. Not only has the idea of fulfilment underpinned ‘approximately twenty centuries of philosophy’ as Lefebvre notes, it plays an indispensable role in both popular and scholarly accounts of education and upbringing. Experiences of education, of upbringing and of ‘life lessons’, however, are so often not about the fulfilment of oneself, about the discovery and actualisation of one's full (...) potential. Such experiences instead involve moments of sometimes irreparable failure and loss—a matter that has not received a great deal of attention in educational research and theory. After briefly examining the way that fulfilment is favourably framed both in humanistic psychology and in neo-humanist Bildungstheorie, this paper considers some of the exceptions to the nearly ubiquitous identification of education with fulfilment: Arthur Schopenhauer's view of the irrationality of human (developmental) experience and Ludwig Wittgenstein's use of the term ‘conditioning’ (Abrichtung) in some of his accounts of learning and socialisation. We then focus on failure and loss in education through an overview of the pedagogical theory of O.F. Bollnow. Bollnow, as is gradually being recognised in English-language scholarship, saw moments of uncertainty, disorientation and above all crisis as indispensable in educational experience—for both student and teacher. In this way, we show that instead of being the pursuit of self-fulfilment, education is unavoidably a matter of difficulty, disruption and also failure. It reshapes us, and this reshaping can be seen as being as much about formation as it is about deformation. (shrink)
- Are there any Institutional Facts?Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2019 - In Robin Stenwall & Tobias Hansson Wahlberg,Maurinian Truths : Essays in Honour of Anna-Sofia Maurin on her 50th Birthday. Lund, Sverige: Department of Philosophy, Lund University. pp. 83-88.
- Progress in Understanding Consciousness? Easy and Hard Problems, and Philosophical and Empirical Perspectives.Tobias A. Wagner-Altendorf -2024 -Acta Analytica 39 (4):719-736.David Chalmers has distinguished the “hard” and the “easy” problem of consciousness, arguing that progress on the “easy problem”—on pinpointing the physical/neural correlates of consciousness—will not necessarily involve progress on the hard problem—on explaining why consciousness, in the first place, emerges from physical processing. Chalmers, however, was hopeful that refined theorizing would eventually yield philosophical progress. In particular, he argued that panpsychism might be a candidate account to solve the hard problem. Here, I provide a concise stock-take on both the (...) empirical-neuroscientific and philosophical-conceptual progress on consciousness. It turns out that, whereas empirical progress is indisputable, philosophical progress is much less pronounced. While Chalmers was right, I argue, in distinguishing distinctive types of problems of consciousness, his prediction of progress on the hard problem was overly optimistic. Empirical progress and philosophical progress are essentially uncoupled; a more skeptical perspective on progress in philosophy in general is appropriate. (shrink)No categories
- The Truth about Social Entities.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2023 - In Andrés Garcia, Mattias Gunnemyr & Jakob Werkmäster,Value, Morality & Social Reality: Essays dedicated to Dan Egonsson, Björn Petersson & Toni Rønnow-Rasmussen. Department of Philosophy, Lund University. pp. 483-497.
- Vad är en grupp?Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2023 -Svensk Filosofi.
- Towards a Deflationary Truthmakers Account of Social Groups.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2025 -Erkenntnis 90 (1):349-366.I outline a deflationary truthmakers account of social groups. Potentially, the approach allows us to say, with traditional ontological individualists, that there are only pluralities of individuals out there, ontologically speaking, but that there are nevertheless colloquial and social-scientific truths about social groups. If tenable, this kind of theory has the virtue of being both ontologically parsimonious and compatible with ordinary and social-scientific discourse—a virtue which the stock reductive / ontological dependence accounts of social groups arguably lack.No categories
- The rise of large language models: challenges for Critical Discourse Studies.Mathew Gillings,Tobias Kohn &Gerlinde Mautner -forthcoming -Critical Discourse Studies.Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are opening up new areas of research and teaching potential across a variety of domains. The purpose of the present conceptual paper is to map this new terrain from the point of view of Critical Discourse Studies (CDS). We demonstrate that the usage of LLMs raises concerns that definitely fall within the remit of CDS; among them, power and inequality. After an initial explanation of LLMs, we focus on three key areas of reflection. (...) The first is a general stock-taking, where we look at CDS’ theoretical underpinnings and what they imply for working with AI-generated language data. The second issue is authorship, where we assess the traceability of linguistic metadata and the ethically sensitive situation with regard to ownership of texts. The third area is linguistic homogenisation, where we examine how LLM usage privileges the mainstream. Afterwards, we explore ways in which LLMs could be used in research, and we discuss the implications of exploring their use in the classroom through a CDS lens. We close the paper with some observations on likely future developments in AI and how CDS can contribute with its distinctive theoretical, methodological and critical apparatus. (shrink)No categories
- Clinical Utility of Mindfulness Training in the Treatment of Fatigue After Stroke, Traumatic Brain Injury and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis.Kristine M. Ulrichsen,Tobias Kaufmann,Erlend S. Dørum,Knut K. Kolskår,Geneviève Richard,Dag Alnæs,Tone J. Arneberg,Lars T. Westlye &Jan E. Nordvik -2016 -Frontiers in Psychology 7.
- Dissolving McTaggart's Paradox.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2013 - In Christer Svennerlind, Almäng Jan & Rögnvaldur Ingthorsson,Johanssonian Investigations: Essays in Honour of Ingvar Johansson on His Seventieth Birthday. Frankfurt: Ontos Verlag. pp. 240-258.
- Can sequencing of articulation ease explain the in–out effect? A preregistered test.Sascha Topolinski,Tobias Vogel &Moritz Ingendahl -forthcoming -Cognition and Emotion.Words whose consonantal articulation places move from the front of the mouth to the back (e.g. BADAKA; inward) receive more positive evaluations than words whose consonantal articulation places move from the back of the mouth to the front (e.g. KADABA; outward). This in–out effect has a variety of affective, cognitive, and even behavioural consequences, but its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Most recently, a linguistic explanation has been proposed applying the linguistic easy-first account and the so-called labial-coronal effect from developmental speech (...) research and phonology to the in–out effect: Labials (front) are easier to process than coronals (middle); and people prefer easy followed by harder motor components. Disentangling consonantal articulation direction and articulation place, the present three preregistered experiments (total N = 1012) found in–out effects for coronal-dorsal (back), and labial-dorsal articulation places. Critically, no in–out effect emerged for labial-coronal articulation places. Thus, the in–out effect is unlikely an instantiation of easy first. (shrink)
- Online hate: A European communication perspective.Heidi Vandebosch &Tobias Rothmund -2024 -Communications 49 (3):371-377.No categories
- Geist, Materie, Menschenbild : Implikationen panpsychistischer Konzeptionen in der Philosophie des Geistes für wesentliche Aspekte des menschlichen Selbstverständnisses.Tobias A. Wagner-Altendorf -2024 - Dissertation, Munich School of Philosophy
- Frei sein, frei handeln. Freiheit zwischen theoretischer und praktischer Philosophie.Diego D'Angelo,Sylvaine Gourdain,Tobias Keiling &Nikola Mirkovic -2013 - Freiburg: Alber.Trotz anhaltender Debatten über Determinismus und Freiheit ist der Sinn von Freiheit weit davon entfernt, ein klar umrissenes philosophisches Problem darzustellen. Betrachtet man Versuche, menschliche Freiheit zu beweisen, und Diskussionen um die soziale Normierung von Freiheit, so ist selten klar, ob hier von einem einheitlichen Phänomen die Rede ist. Aufgrund der Komplexität der Debatten und der historischen Tiefe des Problems lässt sich die Freiheit nicht einer einzelnen Teildisziplin der Philosophie zuordnen. Wer sich auf einen Bestimmungsversuch des Begriffs einlässt, muss zugleich (...) das Verhältnis von Theorie und Praxis klären. Die Untersuchung der Freiheit führt daher nicht zuletzt zu einer immer wieder neu zu vollziehenden Selbstverortung der Philosophie. (shrink)
- Dissolving McTaggart’s Paradox.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2013 - In Christer Svennerlind, Almäng Jan & Rögnvaldur Ingthorsson,Johanssonian Investigations: Essays in Honour of Ingvar Johansson on His Seventieth Birthday. Frankfurt: Ontos Verlag. pp. 240-258.
- Editorial: Business Ethics in a European Perspective: A Case for Unity in Diversity?Michael S. Aßländer,Tobias Gössling &Peter Seele -2016 -Journal of Business Ethics 139 (4):633-637.
- Names introduced with the help of unsatisfied sortal predicates.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg -2010 -Axiomathes 20 (4):511-514.In this paper I answer Aranyosi’s (Axiomathes 19(2):223–224, 2009) criticism of my “Is Phosphorus Hesperus?” (Axiomathes 19(1):101–102, 2009).
- Children use disagreement to infer what happened.Jamie Amemiya,Gail D. Heyman &Tobias Gerstenberg -2024 -Cognition 250 (C):105836.
- No horizontal numerical mapping in a culture with mixed-reading habits.Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar,Mahdi Goudarzvand,Sorour Jahangiri,Peter Brugger &Tobias Loetscher -2014 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
- Playing Normative Legacies: Partisanship and Employment Policies in Crisis-Ridden Europe.J. Timo Weishaupt &Tobias Schulze-Cleven -2015 -Politics and Society 43 (2):269-299.Europe’s affluent democracies adopted different policy strategies to buffer their labor markets from the effects of the worldwide recession that followed the financial crisis in 2007. This article offers a sociologically anchored historical institutionalist explanation to account for this divergence. Reviewing the politics of employment policymaking before, during, and after the crisis in the United Kingdom, Germany, and Denmark, the article traces partisan actors’ tactics of maneuvering within the constraints of institutionally embedded mass preferences to legitimate their policies and improve (...) their electoral performance. The analysis moves beyond contemporary treatments of path-dependent institutional evolution in two important ways. Rather than focusing on how arrangements at the work-welfare nexus provide actors with particular functional benefits and differential power resources, it examines institutions’ ideational effects on the construction of electorates’ interests. Moreover, it illuminates partisan politicians’ room for strategic agency, breaking with interpretations that view government responses as the product of particular producer group coalitions. (shrink)No categories
- Using Virtual Environments to Improve Real-World Motor Skills in Sports: A Systematic Review.Stefan C. Michalski,Ancret Szpak &Tobias Loetscher -2019 -Frontiers in Psychology 10.
- Searching Choices: Quantifying Decision‐Making Processes Using Search Engine Data.Helen Susannah Moat,Christopher Y. Olivola,Nick Chater &Tobias Preis -2016 -Topics in Cognitive Science 8 (3):685-696.When making a decision, humans consider two types of information: information they have acquired through their prior experience of the world, and further information they gather to support the decision in question. Here, we present evidence that data from search engines such as Google can help us model both sources of information. We show that statistics from search engines on the frequency of content on the Internet can help us estimate the statistical structure of prior experience; and, specifically, we outline (...) how such statistics can inform psychological theories concerning the valuation of human lives, or choices involving delayed outcomes. Turning to information gathering, we show that search query data might help measure human information gathering, and it may predict subsequent decisions. Such data enable us to compare information gathered across nations, where analyses suggest, for example, a greater focus on the future in countries with a higher per capita GDP. We conclude that search engine data constitute a valuable new resource for cognitive scientists, offering a fascinating new tool for understanding the human decision-making process. (shrink)
- The implicit use of spatial information develops later for crossmodal than for intramodal temporal processing.Brigitte Röder,Birthe Pagel &Tobias Heed -2013 -Cognition 126 (2):301-306.
- The steady-state response of the cerebral cortex to the beat of music reflects both the comprehension of music and attention.Benjamin Meltzer,Chagit S. Reichenbach,Chananel Braiman,Nicholas D. Schiff,A. J. Hudspeth &Tobias Reichenbach -2015 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
- Is Motor Milestone Assessment in Infancy Valid and Scaled Equally Across Sex, Birth Weight, and Gestational Age? Findings From the Millennium Cohort Study.Denise de Almeida Maia,Farid Bardid,Tobias Koch,Paola Okuda,George Ploubidis,Anders Nordahl-Hansen,Michael Eid &Hugo Cogo-Moreira -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.Is the assessment of motor milestones valid and scaled equivalently for all infants? It is not only important to understand if the way we use gross and fine motor scores are appropriate for monitoring motor milestones but also to determine if these scores are confounded by specific infant characteristics. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the latent structure underlying motor milestone assessment in infancy and measurement invariance across sex, birth weight, and gestational age. For this study, the (...) birth cohort data from the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study was used, which includes the assessment of eight motor milestone tasks from the Denver Developmental Screening Test in 9-month-old infants, depicting early motor development of the first children of generation Z. Confirmatory factor analyses showed a better model fit for a two-factor structure compared to a one-factor structure, and multiple indicators multiple causes modeling revealed no differential item functioning related to sex, birth weight, and gestational age. The study provides support for the use of gross and fine motor scores when assessing motor milestones in infants—both boys and girls with different birth weights and of varying gestational ages. Further investigation into widely adopted assessment tools is recommended to support the use of valid composite scores in early childhood research and practice. (shrink)
- Realität im Prozess: A.N. Whiteheads Philosophie im Dialog mit den Wissenschaften.Bernhard Dörr &Tobias Müller (eds.) -2011 - Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh.No categories
- Evolutionary Causation: Biological and Philosophical Reflections.Tobias Uller &Kevin N. Laland (eds.) -2019 - MIT Press.A comprehensive treatment of the concept of causation in evolutionary biology that makes clear its central role in both historical and contemporary debates. Most scientific explanations are causal. This is certainly the case in evolutionary biology, which seeks to explain the diversity of life and the adaptive fit between organisms and their surroundings. The nature of causation in evolutionary biology, however, is contentious. How causation is understood shapes the structure of evolutionary theory, and historical and contemporary debates in evolutionary biology (...) have revolved around the nature of causation. Despite its centrality, and differing views on the subject, the major conceptual issues regarding the nature of causation in evolutionary biology are rarely addressed. This volume fills the gap, bringing together biologists and philosophers to offer a comprehensive, interdisciplinary treatment of evolutionary causation. Contributors first address biological motivations for rethinking evolutionary causation, considering the ways in which development, extra-genetic inheritance, and niche construction challenge notions of cause and process in evolution, and describing how alternative representations of evolutionary causation can shed light on a range of evolutionary problems. Contributors then analyze evolutionary causation from a philosophical perspective, considering such topics as causal entanglement, the commingling of organism and environment, and the relationship between causation and information. Contributors John A. Baker, Lynn Chiu, David I. Dayan, Renée A. Duckworth, Marcus W Feldman, Susan A. Foster, Melissa A. Graham, Heikki Helanterä, Kevin N. Laland, Armin P. Moczek, John Odling-Smee, Jun Otsuka, Massimo Pigliucci, Arnaud Pocheville, Arlin Stoltzfus, Karola Stotz, Sonia E. Sultan, Christoph Thies,Tobias Uller, Denis M. Walsh, Richard A. Watson. (shrink)No categories
- The Information Value of Non-Genetic Inheritance in Plants and Animals.Sinead English,Ido Pen,Nicholas Shea &Tobias Uller -2015 -PLoS ONE 10 (1):e0116996.Parents influence the development of their offspring in many ways beyond the transmission of DNA. This includes transfer of epigenetic states, nutrients, antibodies and hormones, and behavioural interactions after birth. While the evolutionary consequences of such nongenetic inheritance are increasingly well understood, less is known about how inheritance mechanisms evolve. Here, we present a simple but versatile model to explore the adaptive evolution of non-genetic inheritance. Our model is based on a switch mechanism that produces alternative phenotypes in response to (...) different inputs, including genes and non-genetic factors transmitted from parents and the environment experienced during development. This framework shows how genetic and non-genetic inheritance mechanisms and environmental conditions can act as cues by carrying correlational information about future selective conditions. Differential use of these cues is manifested as different degrees of genetic, parental or environmental morph determination. We use this framework to evaluate the conditions favouring non-genetic inheritance, as opposed to genetic determination of phenotype or within-generation plasticity, by applying it to two putative examples of adaptive non-genetic inheritance: maternal effects on seed germination in plants and transgenerational phase shift in desert locusts. Our simulation models show how the adaptive value of non-genetic inheritance depends on its mechanism, the pace of environmental change, and life history characteristics. (shrink)
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
Aleksandra Samonek
Constantine Sandis
Howard Sankey
Jonathan Schaffer
Thomas Senor
Daniel Star
Jussi Suikkanen
Aness Kim Webster
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