Transdisciplinary Philosophy of Science: Meeting the Challenge of Indigenous Expertise.David Ludwig,Charbel El-Hani,Fabio Gatti,Catherine Kendig,Matthias Kramm,Lucia Neco,Abigail Nieves Delgado,Luana Poliseli,Vitor Renck,Adriana Ressiore C.,Luis Reyes-Galindo,ThomasLoydRickard,Gabriela De La Rosa,Julia J. Turska,Francisco Vergara-Silva &Rob Wilson -2024 -Philosophy of Science 91:1221-1231.detailsTransdisciplinary research knits together knowledge from diverse epistemic communities in addressing social-environmental challenges, such as biodiversity loss, climate crises, food insecurity, and public health. This paper reflects on the roles of philosophy of science in transdisciplinary research while focusing on Indigenous and other subaltern forms of knowledge. We offer a critical assessment of demarcationist approaches in philosophy of science and outline a constructive alternative of transdisciplinary philosophy of science. While a demarcationist focus obscures the complex relations between epistemic communities, transdisciplinary (...) philosophy of science provides resources for meeting epistemic and political challenges of collaborative knowledge production. (shrink)
What Can Cross-Cultural Correlations Teach Us about Human Nature?Thomas V. Pollet,Joshua M. Tybur,Willem E. Frankenhuis &Ian J.Rickard -2014 -Human Nature 25 (3):410-429.detailsMany recent evolutionary psychology and human behavioral ecology studies have tested hypotheses by examining correlations between variables measured at a group level (e.g., state, country, continent). In such analyses, variables collected for each aggregation are often taken to be representative of the individuals present within them, and relationships between such variables are presumed to reflect individual-level processes. There are multiple reasons to exercise caution when doing so, including: (1) the ecological fallacy, whereby relationships observed at the aggregate level do not (...) accurately represent individual-level processes; (2) non-independence of data points, which violates assumptions of the inferential techniques used in null hypothesis testing; and (3) cross-cultural non-equivalence of measurement (differences in construct validity between groups). We provide examples of how each of these gives rise to problems in the context of testing evolutionary hypotheses about human behavior, and we offer some suggestions for future research. (shrink)
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Taking Hobbes at His Word: Comments on Morality in the Philosophy ofThomas Hobbes by S.A. Lloyd.Rosamond Rhodes -2010 -Hobbes Studies 23 (2):170-179.detailsThis paper focuses on S.A.Loyd's positive account of Hobbes's moral theory as presented in chapters 5 and 6 of her new book. My discussion challenges Lloyd's reciprocity interpretation of Hobbes's moral theory. In the paper I also take issue with Lloyd's account of the derivation of his moral theory and her account of moral obligation. I offer my own definitional reading of the derivation of the Laws of Nature and my own analysis of how Hobbes explains obligation in (...) terms of assent. (shrink)
Coherence and explanations.Thomas Bartelborth -1999 -Erkenntnis 50 (2-3):209-224.detailsThe article advocates a particular coherence theory of justification that emphasizes the significance of explanatory relations. It is shown that other approaches to coherence have failed because they underestimate the importance of explanatory theories in forming a system of beliefs. Additionally, a conception of explanation as a unifying substantial embedding of models is sketched that closely conforms with the proposed theory of coherence.
Cues, Values and Conflict: Reassessing Evolution Wars Media Persuasion.Thomas Aechtner -2020 -Scientia et Fides 8 (2):249-284.detailsIt has been posited that persuasive cues impart Evolution Wars communications with persuasive force extending beyond the merits of their communicated arguments. Additionally, it has been observed that the array of cues displayed throughout proevolutionist materials is exceeded in both the number and nuance of Darwin-skeptic persuasion techniques. This study reassesses these findings by exploring how persuasive cues in the Evolution Wars are being articulated with reference to the Cultural Cognition Thesis and Moral Foundations Theory. Observations of Institute for Creation (...) Research, Answers in Genesis, and the Center for Science and Culture media are reevaluated. These findings are juxtaposed with data pertaining to Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science, National Center for Science Education, and BioLogos Foundation broadcasts. The outcomes reveal how values claims and morally charged language are concentrated within the works of antievolutionists and New Atheist media makers, who collectively promote some manner of religion-science conflict. (shrink)
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Thinking Catherine Malabou: Passionate Detachments.Thomas Wormald &Isabell Dahms (eds.) -2018 - Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield International.detailsThis volume contributes to the emerging critical conversation around Catherine Malabou’s thought. It focuses on some of Malabou's underexamined philosophical thematics, including dis-attachment or farewell. It also engages with Malabou's relation to deconstruction and her use of science.
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Insufficient support for either response “priming” or “program-level imitation”.Thomas R. Zentall -1998 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (5):708-709.detailsByrne & Russon propose that priming can account for the imitation of simple actions, but they fail to explain how the behavior of another can prime the observer's own behavior. They also propose that imitation of complex skills requires a sequence of acts tied together by a program, but they fail to rule out the role of trial-and-error learning and perceptual/motivational mechanisms in such task acquisition.
Creative Energy: Bearing Witness for the Earth.Thomas Berry &Thomas Mary Berry -1996 - Random House (NY).detailsThis lovely volume adaptsThomas Berry's profoundly important and popular The Dream of the Earth to convey anew his concerns and hopes for the planet. Berry pleads for a future rescued from ecological disaster by new "biocratic" priorities based foremost on the needs of the planet. "Defines problems... with eloquence".--Publishers Weekly.
Moral vice, cognitive virtue.Thomas Williams -2003 -Philosophy and Literature 27 (1):223-230.detailsAn examination of jealousy and envy in the novels of Jane Austen.
Enhancement und Identität: die Idee einer biomedizinischen Verbesserung des Menschen als normative Herausforderung.Thomas Runkel -2010 - Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.detailsEnglish summary: Enhancement is the term used to describe biomedical interventions, increasingly in demand, aimed at improving physical characteristics such as endurance or attractiveness as well as cognitive abilities or the state of mind. Is it however ethically acceptable or justifiable to interfere in this optimizing manner with the bodily integrity of an individual? This question leads the author to focus on a basic philosophical aspect: the identity of an existing (or future) human being who would like to undergo such (...) an intervention (or whose genome has been altered before birth). What is the normative significance of enhancement for existence throughout time, for the socially constituted personality as well as the self-conception of human beings? The author deals with these questions pertaining to personal autonomy and the good life. German description: aEnhancement bezeichnet biomedizinische Eingriffe, die auf die Verbesserung korperlicher Eigenschaften wie Ausdauer oder Attraktivitat, die Erweiterung kognitiver Fahigkeiten oder die Steigerung der Gemutsverfassung abzielen und von vielen Menschen in immer starkerem Ausmass nachgefragt werden. Doch ist es uberhaupt ethisch zulassig oder vertretbar, dass auf diesem Wege aoptimierend in die leibliche Integritat eines Individuums eingegriffen wird? Ein grundlegender philosophischer Aspekt gelangt hierbei in den Blickpunkt: die Identitat einer existierenden (bzw. zukunftigen) Person, die sich einer solchen Intervention unterziehen mochte (bzw. deren Genom vorgeburtlich verandert wird). Welche normative Bedeutung hat Enhancement fur die Fortexistenz uber die Zeit, die sozial konstituierte Personlichkeit sowie das Selbstverstandnis des Menschen? Fragen nach der Autonomie der Person und dem guten Leben sind damit angesprochen. (shrink)
The Holy State: Book 2 Chapters 1–15.Thomas Fuller -2013 - Cambridge University Press.detailsOriginally published in 1921 as part of the Cambridge Plain Texts series, this volume contains the first fifteen chapters of the second book of The Holy State and the Prophane State by leading English churchmanThomas Fuller. The volume is comprised of descriptions of model characters and short biographical sketches, revealing Fuller's vision of the nature of society and its potential improvement. A short editorial introduction is also included. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest (...) in Fuller and his writings. (shrink)
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Logica memorativa.Thomas Murner -1967 - Nieuwkoop,: Miland. Edited by John.detailsStrassburg, 1509. Facsimile. With 53 woodcuts of playing cards in the text. Edition limited to 500 copies.Thomas Murner attempted to teach logic by means of playing cards.
Do international ethics matter? Humanitarian politics in the sudan.Thomas G. Weiss &Larry Minear -1991 -Ethics and International Affairs 5:197–214.detailsThe authors argue that, while all historical situations are in some sense unique, Sudan is not so idiosyncratic that the lessons and the precedents cannot be replicated elsewhere to protect civilians caught between warring sides in civil wars.
Erzengel im Johannischor? Überlegungen zur kontroversen Interpretation der Sinopien und Stuckfragmente aus dem Quadrum des Westwerks der ehemaligen Abteikirche zu Corvey.Thomas Weigel -2017 -Frühmittelalterliche Studien 51 (1):87-140.detailsName der Zeitschrift: Frühmittelalterliche Studien Jahrgang: 51 Heft: 1 Seiten: 87-140.
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The Concept of Non-Antagonistic Contradiction in Soviet Philosophy.Thomas Weston -2008 -Science and Society 72 (4):427 - 454.detailsThe concept of "non-antagonistic contradiction" (NAC) was developed in the early 1930s in the Soviet Union to describe the social contradictions of Soviet society. This concept was employed to claim that Soviet social contradictions could be resolved without becoming intense or leading to social upheavals. The numerous attempts by Soviet philosophers to explain the NAC concept resulted in theories that are subject to decisive objections. In particular, the contradictions among the working class, the peasantry, and the intelligentsia of the USSR (...) did not prove to be non-antagonistic according to any of the theories designed to support that characterization. The reasons for the failure of the NAC concept are not confined to the Soviet context, and suggest that the NAC concept represents an important error in dialectical theory. (shrink)
Dolphin Social Intelligence.Thomas I. White -2007 - InIn Defense of Dolphins: The New Moral Frontier. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 117–154.detailsThis chapter contains section titled: Human Adaptations to the Water: An Exercise in Imagination Life in the ocean: the importance of other people Dolphin Intelligence in the Wild Dolphin Communication Social Intelligence and Group Cohesion Dolphins and Sex The Cognitive and Affective Skills Involved in Group Living Conclusion: Dolphin Intelligence.
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Peregrinations and Pathways.Thomas Wormald -2018 -Symposium 22 (2):135-157.detailsThis paper explores the relationship between the thought of Catherine Malabou and F. W. J. Schelling. It places Malabou and Schelling in a “plastic” dialogue to open up new aspects of and questions about Malabou’s concept of plasticity, and uses Malabou’s thought to open up ethico-political possibilities in and argue for the contemporary relevance of Schelling, ultimately exploring ways that these thinkers can mutually re-shape one another.Cet article explore la relation entre la pensée de Catherine Malabou et de F. W. (...) J. Schelling. L’article place les deux penseurs en une dialogue « plastique » a. (shrink)
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The Correspondence: Volume I: 1622-1659.Thomas Hobbes (ed.) -1994 - New York: Clarendon Press.detailsThomas Hobbes is one of the most important figures in the history of European thought. Although interest in his life and work has grown enomrously in recent years, this is the first complete edition of his correspondence. The texts of the letters are richly supplemented with explanatory notes and full biographical and bibliographical information. This landmark publication sheds new light in abundance on the intellectual life of a major thinker.
Ontologie und Autonomie. Zur reflexiven Vertiefung von Ontologie nach Heidegger und Brandom.Thomas Khurana -2011 - In Mario Grizelj & Oliver Jahraus,TheorieTheorie. Fink. pp. 397–416.detailsRobert Brandom unterscheidet im Anschluss an Heidegger zwischen einer objektivistischen Ontologie (‚Vulgärontologie‘) und einer selbst-reflexiven Form der Ontologie (‚Fundamentalontologie‘), die das ontologische Fragen vertieft und auf sich selbst zurückwendet. Der neuerdings erhobene ontologische Ton in der Philosophie scheint mir problematisch, insofern er im Modus einer objektivistischen Ontologie zu sprechen scheint und grundlegende Seinsarten schlechthin fixiert. Dieser ontologische Ton fragt nicht zu- reichend, wie dies eine ‚Fundamentalontologie‘ in Brandoms Sinne erfordert, nach demjenigen Seienden, das der Unterscheidung der verschiedenen Seinsarten und den (...) ontologischen Kategorien zugrunde liegt und nach der selbstbezüglichen Form, in der ontologische Erkenntnis gegeben ist. In einem zweiten Schritt kennzeichne ich dasjenige Seiende, das die ontologischen Unterschiede wesentlich trägt, mit Brandom als „eigengesetzlich“. Aus diesen Überlegungen resultiert drittens eine Konzeption von Fundamentalontologie als „Studium der Natur sozialen Seins“. Ich schließe mit einer Bemerkung zum Verhältnis dieses Typs von Ontologie zu dem neuerdings erhobenen Ton. (shrink)
Jung's four and some philosophers: a paradigm for philosophy.Thomas M. S. J. King &Thomas Mulvihill King -1999 - Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press.detailsA demonstration of how Jung's quest for wholeness through the four faculties he saw in every psyche can be seen in the growth of the ideas of 12 key philosophers. The author examines and compares the 12 philosophers and gives an explanation of the development of their thought.
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