The cellular and molecular basis of the Lyt‐1+2− T cell‐mediated tumor‐eradicating mechanism in vivo.Hiromi Fujiwara &Toshiyuki Hamaoka -1986 -Bioessays 4 (1):19-23.detailsThis article reviews recent findings that bear on the mechanism(s) of tumor‐specific Lyt‐1+2− T cell‐mediated tumor eradication in vivo A tumor‐immune Lyt‐1+2− T cell subset has been identified which is distinct from T cells mediating in vitro cytotoxicity (Lyt‐1+2+/1−2+). The Lyt‐1+2− cells have a crucial role in rejecting tumor cells when adoptively transferred into T cell‐deprived B cell mice. This indicates that Lyt‐1+2− T cells do not necessarily require recruitment of the host's cytotoxic T cell precursors for implementation of in (...) vivo immunity. Instead, this T cell subset exerts its anti‐tumor effect in collaboration with macrophages as shown with an in vivo tumor cell culture system utilizing a diffusion chamber. A pathway of Lyt‐1+2− T cell‐macrophage interaction leading to tumor cell killing is discussed in terms of its probable relevance to the eradication of tumor cell masses consisting of tumor cells expressing quantitatively and/or qualitatively different tumor antigens. (shrink)
Conservation Theorems on Semi-Classical Arithmetic.Makoto Fujiwara &Taishi Kurahashi -2023 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 88 (4):1469-1496.detailsWe systematically study conservation theorems on theories of semi-classical arithmetic, which lie in-between classical arithmetic $\mathsf {PA}$ and intuitionistic arithmetic $\mathsf {HA}$. Using a generalized negative translation, we first provide a structured proof of the fact that $\mathsf {PA}$ is $\Pi _{k+2}$ -conservative over $\mathsf {HA} + {\Sigma _k}\text {-}\mathrm {LEM}$ where ${\Sigma _k}\text {-}\mathrm {LEM}$ is the axiom scheme of the law-of-excluded-middle restricted to formulas in $\Sigma _k$. In addition, we show that this conservation theorem is optimal in the (...) sense that for any semi-classical arithmetic T, if $\mathsf {PA}$ is $\Pi _{k+2}$ -conservative over T, then ${T}$ proves ${\Sigma _k}\text {-}\mathrm {LEM}$. In the same manner, we also characterize conservation theorems for other well-studied classes of formulas by fragments of classical axioms or rules. This reveals the entire structure of conservation theorems with respect to the arithmetical hierarchy of classical principles. (shrink)
Bhāratīẏa darśana kosha.Śrīmohana Bhaṭṭācārya -1978 - Kalikātā: Saṃskr̥ta Kaleja. Edited by Dīneśacandra Bhaṭṭācārya.detailsPrācīnanyāẏa, nabyanyāẏa, o baiśeshika-darśana.
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Christian ethics, issues and insights.Eṃ St̲t̲īphan -2007 - New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co..detailsDefinition and Development of Ethics The word 'ethics' comes from the Greek word 'ethos' which means customs or behaviour. The adjectival form in Greek is ...
Le Plaisir À L’Épreuve de la Pensée: Lecture duprotagoras, dugorgias Et duphilèbe de Platon.Emmanuelle Jouët-Pastré -2018 - Boston: Brill.details_Le plaisir à l’épreuve de la pensée_ explores the idea of pleasure having to undergo philosophical _logos_ in the _Protagoras_, the _Gorgias_ and the _Philebus_.
Introduction.T. Brian Mooney &Mark Nowacki -unknowndetailsA confluence of scholarly interest has resulted in a revival of Thomistic scholarship across the world. Several areas in the investigation of St. Thomas Aquinas, however, remain under-explored. This volume contributes to two of these neglected areas. First, the volume evaluates the contemporary relevance of St. Thomas's views for the philosophy and practice of education. The second area explored involves the intersections of the Angelic Doctor’s thought and the numerous cultures and intellectual traditions of the East. Contributors to this section (...) examine the reception, creative appropriation, and various points of convergence between St. Thomas and the East. (shrink)
Mill's On Liberty and Social Pressure.T. M. Wilkinson -2020 -Utilitas 32 (2):219-235.detailsMill's On Liberty is centrally concerned with avoiding social tyranny. But Mill's Principle of Liberty defines interfering, in the context of social pressure, as intentionally punishing and it seems to allow speech and actions that critics have thought would conflict with liberty in self-regarding matters. To critics, Mill draws distinctions among social influences where no genuine difference is to be found and he permits more social pressure than can be accepted by someone who values liberty highly. In this article, I (...) explain where and why Mill draws the line he does between permitted and forbidden influences and show the line is coherent and tracks a genuine difference. I also show that although the Principle leaves residual social pressure, Mill has resources besides the Principle that can prevent social influences that threaten individuality while retaining beneficial social influences. (shrink)