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Results for 'Sj Lederman'

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  1. Haptic classification of common objects-knowledge drives exploration.SjLederman &Rl Klatzky -1989 -Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 27 (6):517-517.
     
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  2.  25
    Afirmacja Boga i życie moraine w ujęciu Jerzego Mirewicza SJ [Anerkennung der Existenz Gottes und moralisches Verhalten - nach Meinung von Jerzy Mirewicz SJ].Stanisław Ziemiański Sj -1997 -Forum Philosophicum: International Journal for Philosophy 2:281-284.
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  3.  15
    Visita y conferencias del Dr. Christoph Theobald sj.Carlos Álvarez sj -2023 -Teología y Vida 64 (2):241-275.
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  4.  14
    ‘And Sarah Heard It in the Tent Door’ (Genesis 18, 10): Uncovering Sarah’s Covenant.DvoraLederman Daniely -2018 -Feminist Theology 27 (1):26-42.
    The hypothesis of this article is that Sarah was the equal of Abraham in establishing the faith of the Hebrew nation, and therefore, she was also a party to a constitutive covenant that was most likely concealed and omitted from the canonical version of the Bible. First, this article introduces research claims regarding Sarah’s central role as a formative leading matriarch. The article then goes on to examine the significance of the tradition of the covenant with Abraham in terms of (...) cultural symbolism. And finally, the article tries to identify this symbolic significance in the Hebrew scriptures in a feminine context, assuming that ritual or ceremonial expressions may be associated with Sarah’s covenant as a founding matriarch in Israel’s religion and heritage. (shrink)
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  5.  27
    Nancy S. Jecker, ZoharLederman, and Anita Ho reply.Nancy S. Jecker,ZoharLederman &Anita Ho -2024 -Hastings Center Report 54 (3):59-60.
    This letter replies to the letter “Colonial and Neocolonial Barriers to Companion Digital Humans in Africa,” by Luís Cordeiro‐Rodrigues, in the same, May‐June 2024, issue of the Hastings Center Report.
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  6. Trying without fail.Ben Holguín &HarveyLederman -2024 -Philosophical Studies (10):2577-2604.
    An action is agentially perfect if and only if, if a person tries to perform it, they succeed, and, if a person performs it, they try to. We argue that trying itself is agentially perfect: if a person tries to try to do something, they try to do it; and, if a person tries to do something, they try to try to do it. We show how this claim sheds new light on questions about basic action, the logical structure of (...) intentional action, and the notion of "options" in decision theory. On the way to these central ideas, we argue that a person can try to do something even if they believe it is impossible that they will succeed, that a person can try to do something even if they do not want to succeed, and that a person can try to do something even if they do not intend to succeed. (shrink)
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  7. Truth in Gadamer's Philosophical Hermeneutics.Sj Gallagher -1984 -Gnosis. A Journal of Philosophic Interest Montréal 2 (3):16-38.
     
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  8.  27
    Attitudes of Singapore Emergency Department staff towards family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.ZoharLederman,Geraldine Baird,Chaoyan Dong,Benjamin S. H. Leong &Rakhee Y. Pal -2017 -Clinical Ethics 12 (3):124-134.
    BackgroundFamily presence during adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation is still not widely implemented. Based on empirical evidence, various national and international professional organizations recommend allowing relatives to be present during resuscitation. However, healthcare providers worldwide are still reluctant to make it standard care.PurposeThis paper is a part of an ongoing cross-cultural study that aims to solicit attitudes of healthcare providers working in emergency departments towards family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This paper reports the qualitative data from surveying healthcare providers working in an (...) emergency department at a university-affiliated hospital in Singapore.MethodHealthcare workers were asked to fill out an online survey, including both quantitative and qualitative questions. Their attitudes were critically analyzed and compared with existing empirical data.ResultsMajority of healthcare workers believed that relatives should not be present during c... (shrink)
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  9. En quoi la connaissance de Quillaume de Saint-Thierry a-t-elle progressé depuis le Colloque de 1976?P. Verdeyen Sj -1999 -Revue des Sciences Religieuses 73 (1):17-20.
  10.  26
    Hannah Arendt and Participatory Democracy: A People’s Utopia.ShmuelLederman -2019 - Cham: Springer Verlag.
    This book centers on a relatively neglected theme in the scholarly literature on Hannah Arendt's political thought: her support for a new form of government in which citizen councils would replace contemporary representative democracy and allow citizens to participate directly in decision-making in the public sphere. The main argument of the book is that the council system, or more broadly the vision of participatory democracy was far more important to Arendt than is commonly understood. Seeking to demonstrate the close links (...) between the council system Arendt advocated and other major themes in her work, the book focuses particularly on her critique of the nation-state and her call for a new international order in which human dignity and “the right to have rights” will be guaranteed; her conception of “the political” and the conditions that can make this experience possible; the relationship between philosophy and politics; and the challenge of political judgement in the modern world. (shrink)
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  11.  66
    Technological solutions to loneliness—Are they enough?ZoharLederman -2023 -Bioethics 37 (3):275-284.
    Loneliness is a major public health concern, particularly during pandemics such as Covid. It is extremely common, and it poses a major risk to human health. Technological solutions including social media, robots, and virtual reality have been advocated and implemented to relieve loneliness, and their use will undoubtedly increase in the near future. This paper explores the use of technological solutions from a normative perspective, asking whether and to what extent such measures should indeed be relied upon. The conclusion is (...) that technological solutions are unquestionably part of the solution to loneliness, but that they cannot and should not constitute the whole solution. It is important to note that this is not a straw‐man argument, as several organizations and scholars have strictly focused on such technological solutions for loneliness. (shrink)
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  12. Understandings of the nature of science and decision making on science and technology based issues.Randy L. Bell &Norman G.Lederman -2003 -Science Education 87 (3):352-377.
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  13. Developing views of nature of science in an authentic context: An explicit approach to bridging the gap between nature of science and scientific inquiry.Reneé S. Schwartz,Norman G.Lederman &Barbara A. Crawford -2004 -Science Education 88 (4):610-645.
  14.  48
    OVATOOMB: Other viruses and the origins of molecular biology.MurielLederman &Sue A. Tolin -1993 -Journal of the History of Biology 26 (2):239-254.
  15.  63
    One Health and Culling as a Public Health Measure.ZoharLederman -2016 -Public Health Ethics 9 (1):5-23.
    One of most pertinent and acute risks that the world is now facing is emerging or re-emerging zoonotic diseases. This article focuses on culling as a measure for zoonotic disease control, specifically the culling of 11,000 badgers as part of the Randomized Badger Culling Trial in the UK and the culling exercises in Singapore. The independent expert panel that devised the UK study concluded that reactive culling was ineffective in reducing the cases of bovine tuberculosis in cattle. The panel also (...) concluded that proactive culling was not cost-effective. Behind the scarcity of empirical evidence to support culling, the resultant reduction in biodiversity can actually harm both animals and humans. Public health policies should be evidence-based, culturally adaptable and ethically justified; a novel biomedical and public health approach, named One Health, plausibly provides a reasonable ethical framework as well as research and interventional methods that square with that framework. OH recognizes that nonhuman animals and humans are interlinked in both sickness and health, since we all share the same ecosystem. OH could potentially replace standard public health strategies, as it provides alternative evidence-based methods for biomedical research and adds a non-anthropocentric component to an ethical decision-making process. (shrink)
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  16. Thomae Aquinatis Opera Omnia: cum hypertextibus in CD-ROM. Milano: Editoria Elettronica Editel, 1992. INgHAM, ME 'Ea quae sunt ad finem': Reflections on Virtue as Means to Moral Excellence in Scotist Thought.R. Busa Sj -1990 -Franciscan Studies 50:177-195.
     
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  17.  37
    Divine Simplicity and the Grammar of God-talk: Comments on Hughes, Tapp, and Schärtl.Otto Muck Sj -2018 -European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 10 (2):89-104.
    Different opinions about the simplicity of God may be connected with different understandings of how abstract terms are used to name the properties which are affirmed of a being. If these terms are taken to signify parts of that being, this being is not a simple one. Thomas Aquinas, who attributes essence, existence and perfections to God, nevertheless thinks that these are not different parts of God. When essence, existence and perfections are attributed to God, they all denominate the same, (...) the Being of the first cause. For Aquinas, this is a consequence of his way of introducing the language about God by basing it upon the philosophical ways leading to God as first cause. Awareness of this connection between Divine attributes and the arguments for God’s existence is crucial for an adequate understanding of Aquinas’ position. (shrink)
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  18.  28
    The land of no milk and no honey: force feeding in Israel.ZoharLederman &ShmuelLederman -2017 -Monash Bioethics Review 34 (3-4):158-188.
    In 2015, the Israeli Knesset passed the force-feeding act that permits the director of the Israeli prison authority to appeal to the district court with a request to force-feed a prisoner against his expressed will. A recent position paper by top Israeli clinicians and bioethicists, published in Hebrew, advocates for force-feeding by medical professionals and presents several arguments that this would be appropriate. Here, we first posit three interrelated questions: 1. Do prisoners have a right to hunger-strike? 2. Should governing (...) institutions force-feed prisoners and/or is it ethical to force-feed prisoners? 3. Should healthcare professionals force-feed prisoners? We then focus on the first and third questions. We first briefly provide several arguments to support the right of prisoners to refuse treatment. Next, we critically review the arguments presented in the Israeli position paper, demonstrating that they are all misguided at best. Lastly, we briefly present arguments against force-feeding by medical professionals. We conclude that healthcare providers should not participate in the force-feeding of prisoners. (shrink)
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  19.  39
    Agonism and Deliberation in Arendt.ShmuelLederman -2014 -Constellations 21 (3):327-337.
  20.  35
    Zoonoses and Animal Culling: The Need for One Health Policy.ZoharLederman -2022 -Hastings Center Report 52 (5):6-7.
    Hastings Center Report, Volume 52, Issue 5, Page 6-7, September–October 2022.
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  21. Perspectivism.Jeremy Goodman &HarveyLederman -2021 -Noûs 55 (3):623-648.
    Consider the sentence “Lois knows that Superman flies, but she doesn’t know that Clark flies”. In this paper we defend a Millian contextualist semantics for propositional attitude ascriptions, according to which ordinary uses of this sentence are true but involve a mid-sentence shift in context. Absent any constraints on the relevant parameters of context sensitivity, such a semantics would be untenable: it would undermine the good standing of systematic theorizing about the propositional attitudes, trivializing many of the central questions of (...) epistemology, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of action. In response to this problem, we prove a series of tenability results. We show that, given certain constraints on the parameters of context sensitivity, there is a broad class of principles of propositional attitude psychology whose good standing follows from corresponding claims about people’s mental representations. But these constraints also have some surprising consequences: they are jointly incompatible with coarse-grained theories of propositions, and they are in tension with a natural picture of how speakers and hearers coordinate on the interpretation of attitude ascriptions. In light of these consequences we explore different ways in which the contextualist picture might be developed, and argue that our preferred way compares favorably with Fregeanism and neo-Russellianism. (shrink)
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  22.  18
    The responsibility of bioethicists: The case study of Yemen.ZoharLederman &ShmuelLederman -2025 -Bioethics 39 (1):67-75.
    In this article, we describe in detail the health and general living conditions resulting from the ongoing armed conflict in Yemen, including the historical and geopolitical underpinnings. In addition to mere reporting, we use Yemen as a case study to examine the responsibility of bioethicists in general. We find it unacceptable that bioethics neglects the largest humanitarian crisis taking place in the world at the moment as well as the largest Cholera outbreak in history. We argue that bioethicists should do (...) more to address armed conflicts and their resulting basic human rights violations. We end with a few recommendations to prevent such neglect. (shrink)
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  23.  48
    The actor does not judge.ShmuelLederman -2016 -Philosophy and Social Criticism 42 (7):727-741.
    Hannah Arendt’s conceptualization of political judgement has been a source of much scholarly investigation and debate in recent decades. Underlying the debate is the assumption that at least in her early writings, Arendt had an actor’s theory of judgement. In this article I challenge this common assumption. As I attempt to demonstrate, it relies on a misunderstanding, not only of Arendt’s conception of judgement, but also of her conception of agents in the public realm. Once we discard the assumption of (...) an actor’s theory of judgement, I argue, some important issues in Arendt’s theory of judgement are resolved, enabling us to perceive it as a unified, rather than self-contradictory, theory of judgement. (shrink)
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  24. Verbum: Word and Idea in Aquinas, Volume 2.Robert M. Doran Sj (ed.) -1997 - University of Toronto Press.
     
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  25. Test for rule-governed positive transfer in rat serial-learning.Sj Haggbloom -1986 -Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 24 (5):341-341.
  26. Phonetic priming of pictures and words-an evaluation of system independence.Sj Lupker &B. Williams -1986 -Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 24 (5):338-338.
  27.  43
    Palavras de agradecimento.Henrique Cl de Lima Vaz Sj -2002 -Kriterion: Journal of Philosophy 43 (105):15-18.
  28. Are Language Models More Like Libraries or Like Librarians? Bibliotechnism, the Novel Reference Problem, and the Attitudes of LLMs.HarveyLederman &Kyle Mahowald -2024 -Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 12:1087-1103.
    Are LLMs cultural technologies like photocopiers or printing presses, which transmit information but cannot create new content? A challenge for this idea, which we call bibliotechnism, is that LLMs generate novel text. We begin with a defense of bibliotechnism, showing how even novel text may inherit its meaning from original human-generated text. We then argue that bibliotechnism faces an independent challenge from examples in which LLMs generate novel reference, using new names to refer to new entities. Such examples could be (...) explained if LLMs were not cultural technologies but had beliefs, desires, and intentions. According to interpretationism in the philosophy of mind, a system has such attitudes if and only if its behavior is well explained by the hypothesis that it does. Interpretationists may hold that LLMs have attitudes, and thus have a simple solution to the novel reference problem. We emphasize, however, that interpretationism is compatible with very simple creatures having attitudes and differs sharply from views that presuppose these attitudes require onsciousness, sentience, or intelligence (topics about which we make no claims). (shrink)
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  29. A Dominance Argument Against Incompleteness.Christian Tarsney,HarveyLederman &Dean Spears -forthcoming -Philosophical Review.
    This article presents a new argument against many forms of moral and prudential value incompleteness. The argument relies on two central principles: (i) a weak "negative dominance" principle, to the effect that Lottery 1 is better than Lottery 2 only if some possible outcome of Lottery 1 is better than some possible outcome of Lottery 2, and (ii) a weak form of ex ante Pareto, to the effect that, if Lottery 1 gives an unambiguously better (stochastically dominant) prospect to some (...) individuals than Lottery 2, and equally good prospects to everyone else, then Lottery 1 is better than Lottery 2. Given modest auxiliary assumptions, these two principles rule out incompleteness in the prudential ranking of individual lives, and many forms of incompleteness in the moral rankings of outcomes and lotteries. (shrink)
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  30.  53
    Stamping Out Animal Culling: From Anthropocentrism to One Health Ethics.ZoharLederman,Manuel Magalhães-Sant’Ana &Teck Chuan Voo -2021 -Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 34 (5):1-14.
    Culling is used in traditional public health policies to control animal populations. These policies aim primarily to protect human interests but often fail to provide scientific evidence of effectiveness. In this article, we defend the need to move from a strictly anthropocentric approach to disease control towards a One Health ethics, using culling practices as an example. We focus on the recent badger culls in the UK, claiming that, based on data provided by the English Government, these culls may be (...) unjustified, all thing considered. We highlight the relevance of ethical reasoning rooted in One Health for this discussion, and make several suggestions including a moratorium on culling until data are provided to support the effectiveness of culling; to conduct a randomized trial to compare proactive culling with alternative methods; to apply deliberative democratic methods to assess public opinion towards the culls, and to find in Brexit an opportunity for aiming for more effective control measures. (shrink)
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  31.  864
    Standard State Space Models of Unawareness.Peter Fritz &HarveyLederman -2015 -Theoretical Aspects of Rationality and Knowledge 15.
    The impossibility theorem of Dekel, Lipman and Rustichini has been thought to demonstrate that standard state-space models cannot be used to represent unawareness. We first show that Dekel, Lipman and Rustichini do not establish this claim. We then distinguish three notions of awareness, and argue that although one of them may not be adequately modeled using standard state spaces, there is no reason to think that standard state spaces cannot provide models of the other two notions. In fact, standard space (...) models of these forms of awareness are attractively simple. They allow us to prove completeness and decidability results with ease, to carry over standard techniques from decision theory, and to add propositional quantifiers straightforwardly. (shrink)
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  32. Hard news/soft news: the hierarchy of genres and the boundaries of the profession.Helle Sjøvaag -2015 - In Matt Carlson & Seth C. Lewis,Boundaries of journalism: professionalism, practices and participation. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
     
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  33.  37
    Expanding a Shared Benefit Approach in One Health Research.ZoharLederman &Benjamin Capps -2018 -American Journal of Bioethics 18 (10):47-49.
  34.  30
    A Close Shave: Balancing Religious Tolerance and Patient Care in the Age of COVID-19.ZoharLederman &Miki Halberthal -2022 -Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 19 (4):625-633.
    In this essay we discuss an ethical dilemma that recently arose in our institution, involving healthcare workers who lamented the requirement to shave their facial hair as a condition to care for COVID-19 patients. The essay represents a genuine attempt to grapple with the dilemma sensibly and vigorously. We first provide a brief introduction, focusing on the tension between religious tolerance and the institutional obligation to optimize patient care and public health in the age of COVID-19. We then discuss the (...) complex relationship between facial hair and cultural as well as religious factors throughout history. Next, we make a case, based on several principles in Islam jurisprudence, that Muslim healthcare professionals in our institution should be expected to shave their facial hair so they could care for COVID patients. We end with considering two alternative solutions that were offered in the literature. (shrink)
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  35.  26
    Setzt Kants Philosophie die Existenz Gottes voraus?Harald Schöndorf Sj -1995 -Kant Studien 86 (2):175-195.
  36.  19
    Dominik Finkelde, Exzessive Subjektivität. Eine Theorie tathafter Neubegründung des Ethischen nach Kant, Hegel und Lacan.Josef Schmidt Sj -2016 -Philosophisches Jahrbuch 123 (2):581-584.
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  37.  49
    First page preview.Cowburn John Sj &Free Will -2008 -British Journal for the History of Philosophy 16 (3).
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  38. La raison du salut. L'influence d'Hugues de Saint-Victor sur la formation des sommes de théologie aux xII e et xIII e siècles.Rainer Berndt Sj -1994 -Revue des Sciences Philosophiques Et Théologiques 78:555-572.
  39.  15
    Negotiating Ethics: The Holy See and the Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, 1995.Lene Sjørup -1997 -Feminist Theology 5 (14):73-105.
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  40.  59
    The Phenomena of Trusting and Relational Ontologies.Joseph J. Godfrey Sj -1995 -Bulletin de la Société Américaine de Philosophie de Langue Française 7 (1-2):104-121.
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  41. Naturbania: The Drammen Model Transformation of a Norwegian city.Julie Sjøwall Oftedal &Helle Benedicte Berg -2010 -Topos: European Landscape Magazine 73:36.
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  42.  17
    Family Presence During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.ZoharLederman -2019 -Journal of Clinical Ethics 30 (4):347-355.
    Most professional guidelines advocate family presence during resuscitation (FPDR). Many clinicians, however, are still reluctant to implement this recommendation. In this article I present the most comprehensive case for FPDR to date. I review the little that has been written about the ethics of FPDR, as well as the available empirical evidence. More importantly, I present and defend three arguments for FPDR: adherence to professional guidelines, benefit to patients and relatives, and patients’ autonomy. I conclude with suggestions for future research.
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  43.  999
    Of marbles and matchsticks.HarveyLederman -forthcoming - In Tamar Szabó Gendler, John Hawthorne, Julianne Chung & Alex Worsnip,Oxford Studies in Epistemology, Vol. 8. Oxford University Press.
    I present a new puzzle about choice under uncertainty for agents whose preferences are sensitive to multiple dimensions of outcomes in such a way as to be incomplete. In response, I develop a new theory of choice under uncertainty for incomplete preferences. I connect the puzzle to central questions in epistemology about the nature of rational requirements, and ask whether it shows that preferences are rationally required to be complete.
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  44.  63
    Assessing the nature of science: What is the nature of our assessments?Norman G.Lederman,Philip D. Wade &Randy L. Bell -1998 -Science & Education 7 (6):595-615.
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  45. Classical Opacity.Michael Caie,Jeremy Goodman &HarveyLederman -2019 -Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 101 (3):524-566.
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, EarlyView.
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  46.  46
    One health ethics: a response to pragmatism.ZoharLederman &Benjamin Capps -2020 -Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (9):632-633.
    Johnson and Degeling have recently enquired whether one health requires a comprehensive normative framework, concluding that such a framework, while not necessary, may be helpful. In this commentary, we provide a context for this debate, and describe how pragmatism has been predominant in the OH literature. We nevertheless argue that articulating a comprehensive normative theory to ground OH practice might clear existing vagueness and provide stronger guidance in relevant health dilemmas. A comprehensive theory will also be needed eventually to ground (...) notions such as universal good. We, thus, call for the systematic articulation of a comprehensive, metaethical theory, concomitantly with already ongoing normative work. (shrink)
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  47. Students' perceptions of tentativeness in science: Development, use, and sources of change.Norman G.Lederman &Molly O'Malley -1990 -Science Education 74 (2):225-239.
     
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  48. The Introspective Model of Genuine Knowledge in Wang Yangming.HarveyLederman -2022 -Philosophical Review 131 (2):169-213.
    This article presents a new interpretation of the great Ming dynasty philosopher Wang Yangming’s celebrated doctrine of the “unity of knowledge and action”. Wang held that action was not unified with all knowledge, but only with an elevated form of knowledge, which he sometimes called “genuine knowledge”. I argue for a new interpretation of this notion, according to which genuine knowledge requires freedom from a form of doxastic conflict. I propose that, in Wang’s view, a person is free from this (...) form of doxastic conflict if and only if they are acting virtuously. (shrink)
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  49.  33
    Family presence during resuscitation: extending ethical norms from paediatrics to adults.Christine Vincent &ZoharLederman -2017 -Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (10):676-678.
    Many families of patients hold the view that it is their right to be present during a loved one's resuscitation, while the majority of patients also express the comfort and support they would feel by having them there. Currently, family presence is more commonly accepted in paediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation than adult CPR. Even though many guidelines are in favour of this practice and recognise potential benefits, healthcare professionals are hesitant to support adult family presence to the extent that paediatric family (...) presence is supported. However, in this paper, we suggest that the ethical case to justify family presence during paediatric resuscitation is weaker than the justification of family presence during adult resuscitation. We go on to support this claim using three main arguments that people use in clinical ethics to justify FPDR. These include scarcity of evidence documenting disruption, psychological benefits to family members following the incident and respect for patient autonomy. We demonstrate that these arguments actually apply more strongly to A-FPDR compared with P-FPDR, thereby questioning the common attitude of healthcare professionals of allowing the latter while mostly opposing A-FPDR. Importantly, we do not wish to suggest that P-FPDR should not be allowed. Rather, we suggest that since P-FPDR is commonly allowed, so should A-FPDR. This is because the aforementioned arguments that are used to justify FPDR in general actually make a stronger case for A-FPDR. (shrink)
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  50. Higher-order metaphysics and propositional attitudes.HarveyLederman -2024 - In Peter Fritz & Nicholas K. Jones,Higher-Order Metaphysics. Oxford University Press.
    According to relationism, for Alice to believe that some rabbits can speak is for Alice to stand in a relation to a further entity, some rabbits can speak. But what could this further entity possibly be? Higher-order metaphysics seems to offer a simple, natural answer. On this view (roughly put), expressions in different syntactic categories (for instance: names, predicates, sentences) in general denote entities in correspondingly different ontological categories. Alice's belief can thus be understood to relate her to a sui (...) generis entity denoted by "some rabbits can speak", belonging to a different ontological category than Alice herself. This straightforward account of the attitudes has historically been deemed so attractive that it was seen as providing an important motivation for higher-order metaphysics itself (Prior [1971]). But I argue that it is not as straightforward as it might seem, and in fact that propositional attitudes present a foundational challenge for higher-order metaphysics. (shrink)
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