The Category of "Social Law".Sh A. Kobakhidze -1983 -Russian Studies in Philosophy 22 (3):78-81.detailsA law is one of the basic concepts of the dialectical materialist conception of determinism as a philosophical theory of the objective interrelationship and mutual conditioning of phenomena in the material and mental world. A law establishes a rigorously determined connection among circumstances, i.e., a totality of derivative components and conditions of their actions and results. By overlooking the existence of two different levels—the concept and the objective reality corresponding to it—some philosophers erroneously interpret Marx's theses concerning the approximateness of (...) the realization of the laws of society. Let us take, for example, Marx's thesis that "In general, in capitalist production general laws are realized in a very confused and approximate way, merely as a prevailing tendency, as a kind of average among constant fluctuations that is never solidly established."1 Some investigators see this as an objectively existing social law in itself, attributing to it an "inexactitude" of operation, variation, and approximation, instead of seeing it as a specific application of a particular law. They thus forget that Marx said, in the Foreword to the very first volume of Capital: "The question does not specifically have to do with a greater or lesser degree of development of the social antagonisms that derive from the natural laws of capitalist production, but rather lies in these laws themselves, these trends, which operate and are realized with iron necessity.". (shrink)
On a New Modification of the Weibull Model with Classical and Bayesian Analysis.Yen Liang Tung,Zubair Ahmad,Omid Kharazmi,Clement Boateng Ampadu,E. H. Hafez &Sh A. M. Mubarak -2021 -Complexity 2021:1-19.detailsModelling data in applied areas particularly in reliability engineering is a prominent research topic. Statistical models play a vital role in modelling reliability data and are useful for further decision-making policies. In this paper, we study a new class of distributions with one additional shape parameter, called a new generalized exponential-X family. Some of its properties are taken into account. The maximum likelihood approach is adopted to obtain the estimates of the model parameters. For assessing the performance of these estimators, (...) a comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out. The usefulness of the proposed family is demonstrated by means of a real-life application representing the failure times of electronic components. The fitted results show that the new generalized exponential-X family provides a close fit to data. Finally, considering the failure times data, the Bayesian analysis and performance of Gibbs sampling are discussed. The diagnostics measures such as the Raftery–Lewis, Geweke, and Gelman–Rubin are applied to check the convergence of the algorithm. (shrink)
Marshall–Olkin Alpha Power Weibull Distribution: Different Methods of Estimation Based on Type-I and Type-II Censoring.Ehab M. Almetwally,Mohamed A. H. Sabry,Randa Alharbi,Dalia Alnagar,Sh A. M. Mubarak &E. H. Hafez -2021 -Complexity 2021:1-18.detailsThis paper introduces the new novel four-parameter Weibull distribution named as the Marshall–Olkin alpha power Weibull distribution. Some statistical properties of the distribution are examined. Based on Type-I censored and Type-II censored samples, maximum likelihood estimation, maximum product spacing, and Bayesian estimation for the MOAPW distribution parameters are discussed. Numerical analysis using real data sets and Monte Carlo simulation are accomplished to compare various estimation methods. This novel model’s supremacy upon some famous distributions is explained using two real data sets (...) and it is shown that the MOAPW model can achieve better fits than other competitive distributions. (shrink)
Rāh-i saʻādat: 914 dars-i zindagī az sīrah-i ʻamalī-i chahārdah maʻṣūm ʻalayhim al-salām.Ḥamīd Riz̤ā Kaffāsh -2004 - Tihrān: Nashr-i ʻĀbid.detailsExcerptions from the lives of Shiite Imams as a model of Islamic ethics.
Proiskhozhdenie slov i i︠a︡zyka.A. Sh Akieva -2008 - Makhachkala: DGU. Edited by M. L. Ramazanov.detailsv. 1. Edinyĭ i︠a︡zyk chelovechestva. --.
The Concept of Building a Network of Digital Twins to Increase the Efficiency of Complex Telecommunication Systems.Sh Zh Seilov,А. T. Kuzbayev,A. A. Seilov,D. S. Shyngisov,V. Yu Goikhman,A. K. Levakov,N. A. Sokolov &Y. Sh Zhursinbek -2021 -Complexity 2021:1-9.detailsThe technical literature actively discusses ideas for creating digital twins to solve a wide range of problems that arise for enterprises of various kinds. Advances in the areas of information technology and the development of the necessary software really make it possible to obtain important new results through the creation of digital twins. This paper proposes the concept of building a network of digital twins, used to solve a number of actual problems in complex telecommunication systems. Two applications are considered (...) examples of such tasks. The first application is the organization of information feedback for enterprises involved in the life cycle of a telecommunication network: “elaboration of modernization principles, development of equipment, design, construction, and operation.” The second application is monitoring traffic, including its atypical behavior, in order to avoid the recurrence of erroneous actions in case of emergency situations. Another important feature of the digital twin network is that it will become an effective tool for conducting interdisciplinary research. (shrink)
Maktab-i Falsafī-i Iṣfahān az nigāh-i dānishʹpizhūhān.Muḥammad Riz̤ā Zādʹhūsh (ed.) -2012 - Tihrān: Muʼassasah-i Pizhūhishī-i Ḥikmat va Falsafah-i Īrān.detailsIslamic philosophy - Congresses ; Sufism - Congresses.
(1 other version)A structural dichotomy in the enumeration degrees.Hristo A. Ganchev,Iskander Sh Kalimullin,Joseph S. Miller &Mariya I. Soskova -2020 -Journal of Symbolic Logic:1-18.detailsWe give several new characterizations of the continuous enumeration degrees. The main one proves that an enumeration degree is continuous if and only if it is not half a nontrivial relativized K-pair. This leads to a structural dichotomy in the enumeration degrees.
Degrees of categoricity and spectral dimension.Nikolay A. Bazhenov,Iskander Sh Kalimullin &Mars M. Yamaleev -2018 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 83 (1):103-116.detailsA Turing degreedis the degree of categoricity of a computable structure${\cal S}$ifdis the least degree capable of computing isomorphisms among arbitrary computable copies of${\cal S}$. A degreedis the strong degree of categoricity of${\cal S}$ifdis the degree of categoricity of${\cal S}$, and there are computable copies${\cal A}$and${\cal B}$of${\cal S}$such that every isomorphism from${\cal A}$onto${\cal B}$computesd. In this paper, we build a c.e. degreedand a computable rigid structure${\cal M}$such thatdis the degree of categoricity of${\cal M}$, butdis not the strong degree of categoricity (...) of${\cal M}$. This solves the open problem of Fokina, Kalimullin, and Miller [13].For a computable structure${\cal S}$, we introduce the notion of the spectral dimension of${\cal S}$, which gives a quantitative characteristic of the degree of categoricity of${\cal S}$. We prove that for a nonzero natural numberN, there is a computable rigid structure${\cal M}$such that$0\prime$is the degree of categoricity of${\cal M}$, and the spectral dimension of${\cal M}$is equal toN. (shrink)
Ethics of Maimonides.Almut Sh Bruckstein (ed.) -2004 - University of Wisconsin Press.detailsHermann Cohen’s essay on Maimonides’ ethics is one of the most fundamental texts of twentieth-century Jewish philosophy, correlating Platonic, prophetic, Maimonidean, and Kantian traditions. Almut Sh. Bruckstein provides the first English translation and her own extensive commentary on this landmark 1908 work, which inspired readings of medieval and rabbinic sources by Leo Strauss, Franz Rosenzweig, and Emmanuel Levinas. Cohen rejects the notion that we should try to understand texts of the past solely in the context of their own historical era. (...) Subverting the historical order, he interprets the ethical meanings of texts in the light of a future yet to be realized. He commits the entire Jewish tradition to a universal socialism prophetically inspired by ideals of humanity, peace, and universal justice. Through her own probing commentary on Cohen’s text, like the margin notes of a medieval treatise, Bruckstein performs the hermeneutical act that lies at the core of Cohen’s argument: she reads Jewish sources from a perspective that recognizes the interpretive act of commentary itself. (shrink)
Assessing the Probability of Drought Severity in a Homogeneous Region.Rizwan Niaz,Mohammed M. A. Almazah,Ijaz Hussain,Joao Dehon Pontes Filho,Nadhir Al-Ansari &Saad Sh Sammen -2022 -Complexity 2022:1-8.detailsThe standardized precipitation index is one of the most widely used indices for characterizing and monitoring drought in various regions. SPI's applicability has regional and time-scale constraints when it observes in several homogeneous climatic regions with similar characteristics. It also does not provide sufficient knowledge about precipitation deficits and the spatiotemporal evolution of drought. Therefore, a new method, the regional spatially agglomerative continuous drought probability monitoring system, is proposed to obtain spatiotemporal information and monitor drought characteristics more expeditiously. The proposed (...) framework uses spatially agglomerative precipitation and copulas’ functions to continuously monitor the drought probability in the homogenous region. The RSACDPMS is validated in the region of the Northern area of Pakistan. The outcomes of the current study provide a better quantitative way to obtain appropriate information about precipitation deficits and the spatiotemporal evolution of drought. (shrink)
Fiqh al-taʻāmul maʻa al-akhṭāʼ ʻalá ḍawʼ manhaj al-salaf.ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Aḥmad ʻAllūsh -1999 - al-Riyāḍ: Dār al-Maʻārij lil-Nashr wa-al-Tawzīʻ.detailsFaults; religious aspects; Islam; Islamic daʻwah.
Qaḍāyā Salafīyah bayna al-Ghazzālī wa-Ibn Taymīyah.Muḥammad Muḥammad Bin-Yaʻīsh -2008 - al-Qāhirah: Dār Ghurāb lil-Nashr wa-al-Tawzīʻ.detailsGhazzālī; 1058-1111; Ibn Taymīyah, Aḥmad ibn ʻAbd al-Ḥalīm, 1263-1328; criticism and interpretation; Islam; doctrines.