Results for 'Ryo Okazawa'
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- The Visual and Conversational Order of Membership Categories in Fictional Films.RyoOkazawa &Ken Kawamura -2022 -Human Studies 45 (3):551-576.This paper demonstrates an empirical analysis of the visual order of membership categories in a way consistent with both an early ethnomethodological research interest and recent arguments in membership categorization analysis. Early ethnomethodological studies have highlighted that we can infer and understand the membership categories of observed people about whom we have no information in advance, even without talking to them. Recent membership categorization analysts have argued the methodological importance of using video data. Given this, fictional films serve as video (...) data to advance the investigation into the visual order of membership categories since audiences do not know the fictional characters’ information in advance and cannot talk to them. We analyze how potential audiences understand fictional characters’ membership categories and how production crew members organize the visual and conversational order of membership categories. The analysis illustrates that our practical inferences of fictional characters’ membership categories are based on conversations among characters and visually available information. Such visually available information includes environments and lighting, as well as characters’ clothes, body orientations, facial expressions, and physical distance from each other. In other words, production crew members of fictional films design the visual and conversational order for remote audiences by arranging visually available information and fictional characters’ conversations. The findings provide insights into the “possible correctness” and “defeasibility” of membership categorization practices. Particularly regarding fictional characters’ membership categories, production crew members can employ the “possible correctness” and “defeasibility” of categorization practices to mislead audiences. (shrink)No categories
- Reading What is Not There: Ethnomethodological Analysis of the Membership Category, Action, and Reason in Novels and Short Stories.Ken Kawamura &RyoOkazawa -2023 -Human Studies 46 (1):117-135.This paper investigates how the reader of prose fiction fills in the blanks regarding a fictional character’s membership category, action, and reason for the action. Aligning with an ethnomethodological approach to texts and appropriating membership categorization analysis (MCA), we analyze how the readers of J. D. Salinger, an author whose works are well known for their ambiguity and ambivalence, would grasp the unwritten identities of characters and the meanings of their actions. Our analysis specifies two types of methods deployed for (...) the reader to understand the fictional texts. First, in an at-a-glance way, the reader can supply the missing categories and sequence of actions by turning to the commonsense knowledge and social norms regarding the association between the category and the activity. Second, the reader can construct various interpretations regarding the recognizably ambiguous scenes of the text by turning to the conceptual knowledge of the relevant social phenomena, the maxims specific to the act of storytelling, and the writer’s techniques peculiar to the fictional texts. The findings demonstrate the vast applicability of an MCA approach to the analysis of the work of reading prose fiction and shed light on the detailed operations of the author’s maxims and techniques in the textual configuration of prose fiction, thereby indicating the possibility of ethnomethodological analysis including the interwoven consideration of the reader’s activity and the textual organization. (shrink)No categories
- Shinran no Bukkyō shikan: Soga Ryōjin Sensei kanreki kinen kōen.Ryōjin Soga -1983 - Kyōto-shi: Shinshū Ōtaniha Shūmusho Shuppanbu.Export citation
Bookmark - Ryōsen bunshū.Ryōsen Tsunashima -1905 - Tōkyō: Hidaka Yūrindō.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- The Logical Possibility of Moral Dilemmas in Expressivist Semantics.Ryo Tanaka -2024 -European Journal of Analytic Philosophy 20 (1):55-85.In this paper, using Mark Schroeder’s (2008a) expressivist semantic framework for normative language as a case study, I will identify difficulties that even an expressivist semantic theory capable of addressing the Frege-Geach problem will encounter in handling the logical possibility of moral dilemmas. To this end, I will draw on a classical puzzle formulated by McConnell (1978) that the logical possibility of moral dilemmas conflicts with some of the prima facie plausible axioms of the standard deontic logic, which include obligation (...) implies permission. On the tentative assumption that proponents of ethical expressivism should be generally committed to securing the logical possibility of moral dilemmas in their semantic theories, I will explore whether and how expressivists can successfully invalidate obligation implies permission within the framework developed by Schroeder. The case study eventually reveals that this can indeed be a hard task for expressivists. Generalizing from the case study, I will suggest that the source of the difficulty ultimately lies in the mentalist assumption of the expressivist semantic project that the logico-semantic relations exhibited by normative sentences should be modeled in terms of the psychological attitudes that speakers express by uttering them. My final goal will be to show that the difficulty expressivists face in dealing with the logical possibility of moral dilemmas is a reflection of the more general problem that their commitment to the mentalist assumption prevents them from flexibly adopting or dropping axioms in their semantic theories to get the right technical results. (shrink)No categories
- Semantic Externalism, Self-Knowledge, and Inter-personal Mental Ascription: A Neglected Puzzle.Ryo Tanaka -2024 -Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 80 (3):819-840.In this article, to revitalize the discussion on semantic externalism’s implications on the issue of content self-knowledge, I will argue that semantic externalism generates in fact two related but distinct skeptical puzzles concerning the presumption of truth attached to our mental self-ascriptions. The first is to explain how I can correctly ascribe mental states to myself, and the second is to explain how others can ascribe thoughts to me by taking my expressions of such self-ascriptions at face value. In my (...) view, although the first has been sufficiently addressed in the literature, the second has been more or less neglected. Furthermore, as I will argue, theorists must respond to both of the questions to fully show the compatibility of our ordinary conception of self-knowledge and semantic externalism. As a case study, I will introduce Dorit Bar-On’s neo-expressivism as an account of self-knowledge that provides a promising answer to the first question and argue that it is still incomplete in that it does not address the second skeptical puzzle. To shed light on the nature of the puzzle in question further, I will also explore its possible solutions in the neo-expressivist framework. (shrink)No categories
- Oxford Studies in Metaethics, edited by R. Shafer-Landau.Ryo Chonabayashi -2017 -Journal of Moral Philosophy 14 (1):109-112.
- Dynamical systems model of embodied memory in early human infancy.Ryo Fujihira &Gentaro Taga -forthcoming -Psychological Review.
- Kagakuteki shikō no hōhō.Ryō Gotō -1968No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- A unified scheme of measurement and amplification processes based on Micro-Macro duality—Stern-Gerlach experiment as a typical example.Ryo Harada &Izumi Ojima -2009 - In Krzysztof Stefanski,Open Systems and Information Dynamics. World scientific publishing company. pp. 16--01.
- Effects of Reciprocal Ia Inhibition on Contraction Intensity of Co-contraction.Ryo Hirabayashi,Mutsuaki Edama,Sho Kojima,Masatoshi Nakamura,Wataru Ito,Emi Nakamura,Takanori Kikumoto &Hideaki Onishi -2019 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12.
- Kindai seiji riron no genryū: Hobbuzu kenkyū josetsu.Ryōichi Kimura -1988 - Tōkyō: Seibundō.
- Bungeigaku genri.HidetoraOkazawa -1959Export citation Bookmark
- Militarism, Conflict and Women's Activism in the Global Era: Challenges and Prospects for Women in Three West African Contexts.MargoOkazawa-Rey &Amina Mama -2012 -Feminist Review 101 (1):97-123.This article develops a feminist perspective on militarism in Africa, drawing examples from the Nigerian, Sierra Leonean and Liberian civil wars spanning several decades to examine women's participation in the conflict, their survival and livelihood strategies, and their activism. We argue that postcolonial conflicts epitomise some of the worst excesses of militarism in the era of neoliberal globalisation, and that the economic, organisational and ideological features of militarism undermine the prospects for democratisation, social justice and genuine security, especially for women, (...) in post-war societies. Theorisations of ‘new wars’ and the war economy are taken as entry points to a discussion of the conceptual and policy challenges posed by the enduring and systemic cultural and material aspects of militarism. These include the contradictory ways in which women are affected by the complex relationship between gendered capitalist processes and militarism, and the manner in which women negotiate their lives through both. Finally, we highlight the potential of transnational feminist theorising and activism for strengthening intellectual and political solidarities and argue that the globalised military security system can be our ‘common context for struggle'1 as contemporary feminist activist scholars. 1Mohanty, 2003. (shrink)No categories
- Japanese Immigrants and their Christian Communities in North America: A Case Study of the Fukuinkai, 1877–1896.Yoshida Ryo -2007 -Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 34 (1):229-244.No categories
- Seigi: gendai shakai no kōkyō tetsugaku o motomete.Hirai Ryōsuke &Yoshiki Wakamatsu (eds.) -2004 - Kyōto-shi: Sagano Shoin.
- Immyō sahō hensen to chojutsu.Ryōken Saeki -1969No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Learning Communicative Meanings of Utterances by Robots.Ryo Taguchi,Naoto Iwahashi &Tsuneo Nitta -2009 - In Hiromitsu Hattori, Takahiro Kawamura, Tsuyoshi Ide, Makoto Yokoo & Yohei Murakami,New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence: JSAI 2008 Conference and Workshops, Asahikawa, Japan, June 11-13, 2008, Revised Selected Papers. Springer. pp. 62--72.
- Chishiki shakaigaku no tenkai.Ryōzō Takeda -1948Export citation Bookmark
- Ōshū rinri shisō shi.Ryōsen Tsunashima -1909No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Cognitive Enhancement and Destruction of the Self.Ryo Uehara -2008 -Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 35 (2):77-86.
- A localist turn for defending moral explanations.Ryo Chonabayashi -2022 -Asian Journal of Philosophy 1 (2):1-23.One influential positive argument for moral realism is the Explanatory Indispensability Argument. A crucial premise of this argument is the explanatory relevance of moral properties. On this premise, moral properties, such as wrongness, rightness, courage, and cowardice, are explanatorily indispensable to some empirical phenomena. Although there has been a lively debate on this premise, one crucial challenge to this thesis, what I call the Scientific Standard Challenge, has not been properly discussed. After explaining this challenge and a related concern, I (...) argue that in response to this central challenge, the proponents of the argument should take what I call the localist turn to defend the explanatory indispensability of moral properties. The localist turn encourages the defenders of moral explanations to be more sensitive to the nature of each moral explanation. For instance, some moral explanations are explanations of social matters, so the standards they need to meet are provided by relevant branches of the social sciences. On the other hand, some other moral explanations are about our psychology, so the theoretical standards those explanations need to meet should come from psychology. I illustrate how this localist project can be conducted in the case of the moral explanation that appeals to injustice. I argue that the field of comparative politics provides the theoretical standards moral explanations of institutional change need to meet. I shall then illustrate how a sophisticated moral explanation can meet those theoretical standards and how this moral explanation can be strong evidence of injustice’s explanatory indispensability. (shrink)
- Cut-free sequent calculi for some tense logics.Ryo Kashima -1994 -Studia Logica 53 (1):119 - 135.
- Russell’s theories of judgement.Ryo Ito -2019 -British Journal for the History of Philosophy 28 (1):112-133.This paper is an attempt to explain why Russell abandoned the ontology of propositions, mind-independent complex entities that are possible objects of judgements. I argue that he did so not because of any decisive argument but because he found it better to endorse the existential account of truth, according to which a judgement is true if and only if there exists (or in his view subsists) a corresponding fact. In order to endorse this account, he had examined various theories of (...) judgement before he adopted the multiple-relation theory of judgement, the most feasible way he then had of espousing it. I also attempt to explain why he preferred the existential account of truth. (shrink)
- Shi.Ryōichi Hosokawa (ed.) -1991 - Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten.Export citation Bookmark
- Completeness Proof by Semantic Diagrams for Transitive Closure of Accessibility Relation.Ryo Kashima -1998 - In Marcus Kracht, Maarten de Rijke, Heinrich Wansing & Michael Zakharyaschev,Advances in Modal Logic. CSLI Publications. pp. 200-217.No categories
- Chūgoku shoki zenshisō no keisei =.Ryō Kogachi -2023 - Kyōto-shi: Hōzōkan.Export citation Bookmark
- Nihonjin no inochi to karada o mushibamu dame ishitachi.Ryōkō Kuki -1979 - Tōkyō: Yamate Shobō.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Tetsugaku yōgo ni tsuyokunaru hon.Ryōichi Mikuriya -1978Export citation Bookmark
- Edo no jugaku: "Daigaku" juyō no rekishi.Ryōen Minamoto (ed.) -1988 - Tōkyō: Shibunkaku Shuppan.
- Kinsei shoki jitsugaku shisō no kenkyū.Ryōen Minamoto -1980 - Sobunsha.Export citation Bookmark
- Tokugawa gōri shisō no keifu.Ryōen Minamoto -1972 - Chuo Koron Sha.Export citation Bookmark
- Sequent Calculi for Multi-Agent Epistemic Logics for Distributed Knowledge.Ryo Murai &Katsuhiko Sano -unknown
- Dentō kōgei to kansei hyōka.Mina Ryōke -2009 - Nomi-shi: JAIST Press. Edited by Yoshiteru Nakamori.
- The Expressive Role of Variables and Disagreements about Rules.I. T. O. Ryo -2024 -Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 33:93-108.
- Bikō no naka no uchū: watakushi no bijutsukan.Ryōtarō Shiba -1988 - Tōkyō: Chūō Kōronsha.
- Shushigaku kara kangaeru kenri no shisō.Ryōko Shimokawa -2017 - Tōkyō: Perikansha.朱子学は現代に生きる私たちにとって価値なきものなのだろうか? 儒教思想と近代的権利概念の親和性に着目、再検証を試みる。.
- Japanese Immigrants and their Christian Communities in North America.Ryo Yoshida -2007 -Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 34 (1).
- Proof Theory for Reasoning with Euler Diagrams: A Logic Translation and Normalization.Ryo Takemura -2013 -Studia Logica 101 (1):157-191.Proof-theoretical notions and techniques, developed on the basis of sentential/symbolic representations of formal proofs, are applied to Euler diagrams. A translation of an Euler diagrammatic system into a natural deduction system is given, and the soundness and faithfulness of the translation are proved. Some consequences of the translation are discussed in view of the notion of free ride, which is mainly discussed in the literature of cognitive science as an account of inferential efficacy of diagrams. The translation enables us to (...) formalize and analyze free ride in terms of proof theory. The notion of normal form of Euler diagrammatic proofs is investigated, and a normalization theorem is proved. Some consequences of the theorem are further discussed: in particular, an analysis of the structure of normal diagrammatic proofs; a diagrammatic counterpart of the usual subformula property; and a characterization of diagrammatic proofs compared with natural deduction proofs. (shrink)
- Logic and Majority Voting.Ryo Takemura -2021 -Journal of Philosophical Logic 51 (2):347-382.To investigate the relationship between logical reasoning and majority voting, we introduce logic with groups Lg in the style of Gentzen’s sequent calculus, where every sequent is indexed by a group of individuals. We also introduce the set-theoretical semantics of Lg, where every formula is interpreted as a certain closed set of groups whose members accept that formula. We present the cut-elimination theorem, and the soundness and semantic completeness theorems of Lg. Then, introducing an inference rule representing majority voting to (...) Lg, we introduce logic with majority voting Lv. Formalizing the discursive paradox in judgment aggregation theory, we show that Lv is inconsistent. Based on the premise-based and conclusion-based approaches to avoid the paradox, we introduce logic with majority voting for axioms Lva, where majority voting is applied only to non-logical axioms as premises to construct a proof in Lg, and logic with majority voting for conclusions Lvc, where majority voting is applied only to the conclusion of a proof in Lg. We show that both Lva and Lvc are syntactically complete and consistent, and we construct collective judgments based on the provability in Lva and Lvc, respectively. Then, we discuss how these systems avoid the discursive paradox. (shrink)
- Is the wellbeing of individuals only what matters? (Proceedings of the CAPE International Workshops, 2013. Part I: The CAPE International Conference “Ethics and Well-being”).Ryo Chonabayashi -2014 -CAPE Studies in Applied Philosophy and Ethics Series 2:27-35.9th and 10th Nov. 2013 at Kyoto University. Organizers: Takeshi Sato and Shunsuke Sugimoto.No categories
- Recapturing Dynamic Logic of Relation Changers via Bounded Morphisms.Ryo Hatano &Katsuhiko Sano -2020 -Studia Logica 109 (1):95-124.The present contribution shows that a Hilbert-style axiomatization for dynamic logic of relation changers is complete for the standard Kripke semantics not by a well-known rewriting technique but by the idea of an auxiliary semantics studied by van Benthem and Wang et al. A key insight of our auxiliary semantics for dynamic logic of relation changers can be described as: “relation changers are bounded morphisms.” Moreover, we demonstrate that this semantic insight can be used to provide a modular cut-free labelled (...) sequent calculus for the logic in the sense that our calculus can be regarded as a natural expansion of a labelled sequent calculus of iteration-free propositional dynamic logic. (shrink)
- Imi shinri basho: Haidegā no shii no michi.Ryōichi Hosokawa -1992 - Tōkyō: Sōbunsha.No categories
- Chūshō to chokkan: chūsei kōki ninshiki riron no kenkyū.Ryōsuke Inagaki -1990 - Tōkyō: Sōbunsha.No categories
- Hōteki seigi no riron.Ryōsuke Inagaki -1972 - Tōkyō: Sibundō.Export citation Bookmark
- Shūkan no tetsugaku.Ryōsuke Inagaki -1981No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Tomasu Akinasu tetsugaku no kenkyū.Ryōsuke Inagaki -1970No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- 初期ラッセルの存在論における世界の十全な記述可能性.Ryo Ito -2021 -Kagaku Tetsugaku 53 (2):25-44.No categories
- Ikani jinbutsutariuru ka: Satō Issai "Genshi shiroku" o dō yomu ka.Ryōhei Kamiwatari -1993 - Tōkyō: Mikasa Shobō. Edited by Issai Satō.
- Term-Space Semantics of Typed Lambda Calculus.Ryo Kashima,Naosuke Matsuda &Takao Yuyama -2020 -Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 61 (4):591-600.Barendregt gave a sound semantics of the simple type assignment system λ → by generalizing Tait’s proof of the strong normalization theorem. In this paper, we aim to extend the semantics so that the completeness theorem holds.
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
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Aness Kim Webster
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