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The integration of event-related potential and functional magnetic resonance imaging helps to obtain and study neural networks with high temporal and spatial resolution. EEG/fMRI data proves that in the visual tristimulus oddball paradigm, two P300 potentials induced by target stimulation and novel stimulation are detected at the frontal-middle, center, and mid-apical electrodes. Previous studies have shown that P3a and P3b have different spatial distributions of brain activation, but it is unclear whether they have the same neural mechanism. The purpose of (...) this study is to determine the neuropsychological mechanisms of P3a and P3b, as well as the spatiotemporal differences in neurodynamics between the two ERP subcomponents. In a group of 25 subjects, P300 ERP induced by target stimulation and novel stimulation can be detected at the Fz, Cz, and Pz electrodes. At Cz and Fz, compared with P3b related to the target stimulus, the P3a related to the novel stimulus has a higher amplitude and the waveform declines more slowly. But at Pz, P3b has a higher amplitude than P3a. P3a appeared earlier than P3b at Cz and Fz, but the opposite phenomenon was observed at the Pz electrode. The activated brain regions of P3a included the left frontal-parietal lobe region, left anterior wedge lobe region, and right insula, while the target-driven P3b was significantly associated with BOLD changes in the bilateral fusiform gyrus, the left frontal region, and the bilateral insula. The results showed that the integration of the spatial and temporal information of the two imaging modes, namely, ERP and fMRI, proves the existence of the different brain function processes of the two P300 subcomponents. Through the analysis of the composition of P300, the results further proved that the top-down and bottom-up processing processes have played a role in the occurrence of attention capture. It is just that the modulation effects of the two processing mechanisms are different in different tasks. Therefore, it should be noted that the captured neural mechanism is not a single top-down or bottom-up processing process but should be the result of the interaction between the two. (shrink)

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This study presents an evolutionary game to model interactions among stakeholders with potential conflicts, including the operational enterprise of incineration plant, the local government, and the residents nearby. System dynamics is used to simulate the change of strategic actions corresponding to the three players, in order to seek for the evolutionary stability strategies. A numerical case is proposed to demonstrate the game theory application, in which the impacts of governmental incentive and punishment on the player’s actions are investigated. The results (...) indicated that administrative penalty is effective not only in motivating the enterprises to upgrade treatment facilities for ensuring environmental quality but also in helping the local government and residents to approach dominant strategies. Policy implications are given based on the results to lay out a foundation for the alleviation of the conflicts. (shrink)

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《反经》是唐朝人赵蕤所著。全书以谋略为经,历史为纬,交错纵横,蔚然成章,加上作者深厚的古今汉语功底,使《反经》行评议有如流水、通俗易懂。书中所引的前代著述经史子集如《玉钤经》、吴人张微的《墨记》等。《 反经》集政治学、谋略学、人才学、社会学为一体,以令人警策的历史教训,为现实生活中的思想家、政治家、军事家和实业家提供了卓有成交的谋略武器。本书深入浅出、言简意赅、发人深省.

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This study aims to create a research model that examines how employee agility is affected by enterprise social media usage, and to discuss the moderating role of innovation culture in communication quality, trust, and employee agility using the relational capital theory. Data of 477 Chinese employees from different companies were collected in this study for analysis, and the hypotheses developed were examined. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence mechanism that propels employees’ ESMU, communication quality and trust (...) and the moderating effect of innovation culture. This study conducts PLS-SEM to analyze collected data. The results show that ESMU is positively associated with communication quality and trust; innovation culture plays a positive moderating role in ESMU and employee agility; and high communication quality and trust can lead to high agility. However, innovation culture does not have a remarkable moderating effect on ESMU and communication quality. This study offers empirical evidence on how the effect of ESMU on employee agility is transferred by innovation culture. In addition, the benefits of enterprise social media for organizational management are also measured in this study, which may motivate the managements to introduce enterprise social media in work spaces. (shrink)

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