Results for 'Roy B. Mefferd'
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- Influence of a visual frame and vertical-horizontal illusion on shape and size perception.Robert L. Houck,Roy B.Mefferd &Glenda J. Greenstein -1972 -Journal of Experimental Psychology 96 (2):273.
- The Dartmouth Bible: An Abridgment of the King James Version (including the Apocrypha), with Aids to its Understanding as History and Literature, and as a Source of Religious Experience.Roy B. Chamberlain &Herman Feldman -1950No categories
- Anagram solving as influenced by solution word frequency, anagram transition probability, and subject’s vocabulary level.Roy B. Weinstock -1979 -Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 14 (5):375-378.
- When Are Leaders Receptive to Voiced Creative Ideas? Joint Effects of Leaders’ Achievement Goals and Personal Sense of Power.Roy B. L. Sijbom &Sharon K. Parker -2020 -Frontiers in Psychology 11.
- Labor process theory vs. reform in the workplace.Roy B. Helfgott -1992 -Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 6 (1):11-27.Critics of the organization of industrial work under capitalism have ranged from the “human relations” school to socio‐technical systems theorists and, most vociferously, to advocates of labor process theory (LPT). Their practical influence on management was small as long as production was rolling on and profits rolling in. When competition intensified, however, employers started to question old ideas and, abetted by the needs of new computerized technology, began to broaden jobs, allow workers greater discretion in their performance and involve them (...) in shop floor decision making. LPT, however, has not contributed to this evolution toward more satisfying work. This paper explains why this is so by exploring two major shortcomings of LPT. First and foremost is that LPT has ignored the efficiency of the work process, refusing to acknowledge the legitimacy of a tradeoff between work “goodness” and productivity.As a result, LPT has been unable to propose economically viable alternatives to existing job design and work organization. Second, LPT has identified management's goal in organizing work as gaining control of the process, when, in fact, it has been to make the process as economically efficient as possible. Thus, LPT could not see that, under changed circumstances, management might decentralize control toward the shop floor, if that might promote efficiency. LPT's founder, Harry Braverman, and his disciples believed that it was impossible to reform work under capitalism, but experience shows otherwise. (shrink)
- Total time hypothesis in low-meaningful serial learning: Task, age and verbalization instructions.Elaine C. Koffman &Roy B. Weinstock -1974 -Journal of Experimental Psychology 103 (6):1210.
- Hosptial Executives and Ethics Committees.B. Bryan Hilliard,Betty S. Coffey &Roy B. Johnson -1999 -Jona's Healthcare Law, Ethics, and Regulation 1 (1):25.
- Doctor of Society. Thomas Beddoes and the Sick Trade in Late-Enlightenment England.Roy Porter &Guenter B. Risse -1994 -History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 16 (1):155.Export citation
Bookmark - Abraham's Silence.Roy Allan B. Tolentino -2012 -Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture 16 (3):22-53.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Auditory Target Detection Enhances Visual Processing and Hippocampal Functional Connectivity.Roy Moyal,Hamid B. Turker,Wen-Ming Luh &Khena M. Swallow -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.Though dividing one’s attention between two input streams typically impairs performance, detecting a behaviorally relevant stimulus can sometimes enhance the encoding of unrelated information presented at the same time. Previous research has shown that selection of this kind boosts visual cortical activity and memory for concurrent items. An important unanswered question is whether such effects are reflected in processing quality and functional connectivity in visual regions and in the hippocampus. In this fMRI study, participants were asked to memorize a stream (...) of naturalistic images and press a button only when they heard a predefined target tone. Images could be presented with a target tone, with a distractor tone, or without a tone. Auditory target detection increased activity throughout the ventral visual cortex but lowered it in the hippocampus. Enhancements in functional connectivity between the ventral visual cortex and the hippocampus were also observed following auditory targets. Multi-voxel pattern classification of image category was more accurate on target tone trials than on distractor and no tone trials in the fusiform gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus. This effect was stronger in visual cortical clusters whose activity was more correlated with the hippocampus on target tone than on distractor tone trials. In agreement with accounts suggesting that subcortical noradrenergic influences play a role in the attentional boost effect, auditory target detection also caused an increase in locus coeruleus activity and phasic pupil responses. These findings outline a network of cortical and subcortical regions that are involved in the selection and processing of information presented at behaviorally relevant moments. (shrink)
- A probability law for the fundamental constants.B. Roy Frieden -1986 -Foundations of Physics 16 (9):883-903.If all the fundamental constants x of physics were expressed in one set of units (e.g., mks) and then used as pure numbers in one overall histogram, what shape would that histogram have? Based on some invariances that the law should reasonably obey, we show that it should have either an x−1 or an x−2 dependence. Empirical evidence consisting of the presently known constants is consistent with an x−1 law. This is independent of the system of units chosen for the (...) constants. The existence of the law suggests that the fundamental constants may have been independently and randomly chosen, at creation, from it, and hence that at the next “big bang” randomly a different set will be produced. Also, because of the law, the number 1.0 has an interesting cosmological property: it is the theoretical median of all the fundamental constants. Finally, as a practical matter, the law predicts that current methods of evaluating the fundamental constants are biased toward overly large numbers. A correction term is given for each of three kinds of noise. (shrink)
- F-Information, a Unitless Variant of Fisher Information.B. Roy Frieden -1999 -Foundations of Physics 29 (10):1521-1541.A new information matrix [F] with elements F mn = 〈 (y m - a m )(y n - a n) (∂ ln p(y | a)/∂a m ) (∂ ln p(y | a)/∂a n ) 〉 is analyzed. The PDF p(y | a) is the usual likelihood law. [F] differs from the Fisher information matrix by the presence of the first two factors in the given expectation. These factors make F mn unitless, in contrast with the Fisher information. This lack (...) of units allows F mn values from entirely different phenomena to be compared as, for example, Shannon information values can be compared. Each element F mn defines an error inequality analogous to the Cramer-Rao inequality. In the scalar case F mn ≡ F, for a normal p(y|a) law F = 3, while for an exponential law F = 9. A variational principle F = min (called FMIN) allows an unknown PDF p(x) to be estimated in the presence of weak information. Under certain conditions F obeys a “Boltzmann F-theorem” ∂F/∂t ⩽ 0, indicating that F is a physical entropy. Finally, the trace ℱ of [F] may be used as the scalar information quantity in an information-based principle for deriving distribution laws p of physics. (shrink)
- Fisher information and the complex nature of the Schrödinger wave equation.B. Roy Frieden -1991 -Foundations of Physics 21 (7):757-771.We show that the minimum Fisher information (MFI) approach to estimating the probability law p(x) on particle position x, over the class of all two-component laws p(x), yields the complex Schrödinger wave equation. Complexity, in particular, traces from an “efficiency scenario” (demanded by MFI) where the two components of p(x) are so separated that their informations add.
- Subject, Voice and Ergativity: Selected Essays.Roy Andrew Miller,David C. Bennett,Theodora Bynon &B. George Hewitt -1996 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 116 (4):755.No categories
- Linguistics in East Asia and South East AsiaCurrent Trends in Linguistics, Volume II.Roy Andrew Miller,Yuen Ren Chao,Richard B. Noss,Joseph K. Yamagiwa,John R. Krueger &Thomas A. Sebeok -1972 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 92 (1):137.No categories
- Paracrine signaling mediated at cell–cell contacts.Sougata Roy &Thomas B. Kornberg -2015 -Bioessays 37 (1):25-33.Recent findings in several organ systems show that cytoneme‐mediated signaling transports signaling proteins along cellular extensions and targets cell‐to‐cell exchanges to synaptic contacts. This mechanism of paracrine signaling may be a general one that is used by many (or all) cell types in many (or all) organs. We briefly review these findings in this perspective. We also describe the properties of several signaling systems that have previously been interpreted to support a passive diffusion mechanism of signaling protein dispersion, but can (...) now be understood in the context of the cytoneme mechanism.Also watch the Video Abstract. (shrink)
- Application of anisotropic elasticity theory to the choice of primary slip systems in C.P.H. metal crystals.Ram B. Roy -1967 -Philosophical Magazine 15 (135):477-482.No categories
- Expanding the use of posthumous assisted reproduction technique: Should the deceased’s parents be allowed to use his sperm?Efrat Ram-Tiktin,Roy Gilbar,Ronit B. Fruchter,Ido Ben-Ami,Shevach Friedler &Einat Shalom-Paz -2018 -Clinical Ethics 14 (1):18-25.The posthumous retrieval and use of gametes is socially, ethically, and legally controversial. In the countries that do not prohibit the practice, posthumous assisted reproduction is usually permitted only at the request of the surviving spouse and only when the deceased left written consent. This paper presents the recommendations of an ethics committee established by the Israeli Fertility Association. In its discussions, the committee addressed the ethical considerations of posthumous use of sperm—even in the absence of written consent from the (...) deceased—at the request of either the spouse or the deceased’s parents who wish to become the offspring’s parents or grandparents. It is concluded that under certain conditions, a request by the deceased’s parents to posthumously use the deceased’s sperm is justified and should be granted. (shrink)
- The ethical decision-making processes of information systems workers.David B. Paradice &Roy M. Dejoie -1991 -Journal of Business Ethics 10 (1):1 - 21.An empirical investigation was conducted to determine whether management information systems (MIS) majors, on average, exhibit ethical decision-making processes that differ from students in other functional business areas. The research also examined whether the existence of a computer-based information system in an ethical dilemma influences ethical desision-making processes. Although student subjects were used, the research instrument has been highly correlated with educational levels attained by adult subjects in similar studies. Thus, we feel that our results have a high likelihood of (...) generalization to the MIS professional community. The results indicate that MIS majors exhibit more socially-oriented ethical decision-making processes than non-MIS majors measured by the Defining Issues Test. The results also indicate that the existence of a computer-based information system in an ethical dilemma may influence ethical decision-making processes. The study makes no statement regarding MIS majors making more (or less) ethical decisions. The business ethics literature is reviewed, details of the study are presented, implications for management are considered, and directions for future research are suggested. (shrink)
- Biomedical Politics, Institute of Medicine and Bioscience= Society.D. J. Roy,B. E. Wynne,R. W. Old &George J. Annas -1994 -Bioethics 8 (3):285-287.Export citation Bookmark
- Grace Maxwell Fernald: 1879-1950.Ellen B. Sullivan,Roy M. Dorcus,Bennet M. Allen &Louis K. Koontz -1950 -Psychological Review 57 (6):319-321.
- The Japanese Language.Gerald B. Mathias &Roy Andrew Miller -1971 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 91 (2):348.
- Information and gravitation.W. J. Cocke &B. Roy Frieden -1997 -Foundations of Physics 27 (10):1397-1412.An information-theoretic approach is shown to derive both the classical weak-field equations and the quantum phenomenon of metric fluctuation within the Planck length. A key result is that the weak-field metric $\bar h_{\mu \nu } $ is proportional to a probability amplitude φuv, on quantum fluctuations in four-position. Also derived is the correct form for the Planck quantum length, and the prediction that the cosmological constant is zero. The overall approach utilizes the concept of the Fisher information I acquired in (...) a measurement of the weak-field metric. An associated physical information K is defined as K=I−J, where J is the information that is intrinsic to the physics (stress-energy tensor Tμv) of the measurement scenario. A posited conservation of information change δI=ΔJ implies a variational principle δK=0. The solution is the weak-field equations in the metric $\bar h_{\mu \nu } $ and associated equations in the probability amplitudes φuv. The gauge condition φ v uv =0 (Lorentz condition) and conservation of energy and momentum Tv μv=0 are used. A well-known “bootstrapping” argument allows the weak-field assumption to be lifted, resulting in the usual Einstein field equations. A special solution of these is well known to be the geodesic equations of motion of a particle. Thus, the information approach derives the classical field equations and equations of motion, as well as the quantum nature of the probability amplitudes φuv. (shrink)
- Probability learning: Response proportions and verbal estimates.Lee Roy Beach,Richard M. Rose,Yutaka Sayeki,James A. Wise &William B. Carter -1970 -Journal of Experimental Psychology 86 (2):165.
- Children's analogical reasoning in a third‐grade science discussion.David B. May,David Hammer &Patricia Roy -2006 -Science Education 90 (2):316-330.No categories
- Pāli LiteraturePali Literature.W. B. Bollée,Kenneth Roy Norman &W. B. Bollee -1985 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 105 (1):178.
- Catecholamine responses to virtual combat: implications for post-traumatic stress and dimensions of functioning.Krista B. Highland,Michelle E. Costanzo,Tanja Jovanovic,Seth D. Norrholm,Rochelle B. Ndiongue,Brian J. Reinhardt,Barbara Rothbaum,Albert A. Rizzo &Michael J. Roy -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6.
- A Brief History of Neoliberalism and Neoliberalism Vsi Value Pack.David Harvey,Manfred B. Steger &Ravi K. Roy -2015 - Oxford University Press UK.Export citation Bookmark
- Contributors for Volume 1.3.Todd F. Eklof,Morten Fastvold,James B. Gould,Ora Gruengard,Amy Hannon,Grigoris Mouladoudis,Robert J. Parmach,Bernard Roy,Christopher Schreiner &Reinhard Zaiser -2005 -Philosophical Practice 1 (3).Export citation Bookmark
- Discovering syntactic hierarchies.Virginia Savova,Daniel Roy,Lauren Schmidt &Joshua B. Tenenbaum -unknown
- Nonlinear data analysis of experimental (EEG) data and comparison with theoretical (ANN) data.Atin Das,Pritha Das &A. B. Roy -2002 -Complexity 7 (3):30-40.No categories
- On Jean Améry: Philosophy of Catastrophe.Magdalena Zolkos,J. M. Bernstein,Roy Ben-Shai,Thomas Brudholm,Arne Grøn,Dennis B. Klein,Kitty J. Millet,Joseph Rosen,Philipa Rothfield,Melanie Steiner Sherwood,Wolfgang Treitler,Aleksandra Ubertowska,Michael Ure,Anna Yeatman &Markus Zisselsberger -2011 - Lexington Books.This volume offers the first English language collection of academic essays on the post-Holocaust thought of Jean Améry, a Jewish-Austrian-Belgian essayist, journalist and literary author. Comprehensive in scope and multi-disciplinary in orientation, contributors explore central aspects of Améry's philosophical and ethical position, including dignity, responsibility, resentment, and forgiveness.
- Neuroleptics and operant behavior: The anhedonia hypothesis.Roy A. Wise -1982 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):39-53.Neuroleptic drugs disrupt the learning and performance of operant habits motivated by a variety of positive reinforcers, including food, water, brain stimulation, intravenous opiates, stimulants, and barbiturates. This disruption has been demonstrated in several kinds of experiments with doses that do not significantly limit normal response capacity. With continuous reinforcement neuroleptics gradually cause responding to cease, as in extinction or satiation. This pattern is not due to satiation, however, because it also occurs with nonsatiating reinforcement (such as saccharin or brain (...) stimulation). Repeated tests with neuroleptics result in earlier and earlier response cessation reminiscent of the kind of decreased resistance to extinction caused by repeated tests without the expected reward. Indeed, withholding reward can have the same effect on responding under later neuroleptic treatment as prior experience with neuroleptics themselves; this suggests that there is a transfer of learning (really unlearning) from nonreward to neuroleptic conditions. These tests under continuous reinforcement schedules suggest that neuroleptics blunt the ability of reinforcers to sustain responding at doses which largely spare the ability of the animal to initiate responding. Animals trained under partial reinforcement, however, do not respond as well during neuroleptic testing as animals trained under continuous reinforcement. Thus, neuroleptics can also impair responding (though not responsecapacity) that is normally sustained by environmental stimuli (and associated expectancies) in the absence of the primary reinforcer. Neuroleptics also blunt the euphoric impact of amphetamine in humans. These data suggest that the most subtle and interesting effect of neuroleptics is a selective attenuation of motivational arousal which is (a) critical for goal-directed behavior, (b) normally induced by reinforcers and associated environmental stimuli, and (c) normally accompanied by the subjective experience of pleasure. Because these drugs are used to treat schizophrenia and because they cause parkinsonian-like side effects, this action has implications for a better understanding of human pathology as well as normal motivational processes. (shrink)
- Pamela J. Asquith.Stanley R. Barrett,Paul Bohannan,Daniel M. Cartledge,Roy D'Andrade,Parin A. Dossa &Robert B. Edgerton -1999 - In E. L. Cerroni-Long,Anthropological theory in North America. Westport, Conn.: Bergin & Garvey.No categories
- Programmatic and non-programmatic determinants of contraceptive prevalence levels in rural Bangladesh.M. A. Koenig,M. B. Hossain,N. C. Roy,J. F. Phillips,C. W. Warren,R. S. Monteith,J. T. Johnson,S. M. Greene,M. T. Joy &J. K. Nugent -1989 -Journal of Biosocial Science 21 (4):409-17.Export citation Bookmark
- Cognitive style, cortical stimulation, and the conversion hypothesis.David J. M. Kraemer,Roy H. Hamilton,Samuel B. Messing,Jennifer H. DeSantis &Sharon L. Thompson-Schill -2014 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
- Operator Derivation of the Gauge-Invariant Proca and Lehnert Equations; Elimination of the Lorenz Condition.P. K. Anastasovski,T. E. Bearden,C. Ciubotariu,W. T. Coffey,L. B. Crowell,G. J. Evans,M. W. Evans,R. Flower,A. Labounsky,B. Lehnert,P. R. Molnár,S. Roy &J. P. Vigier -2000 -Foundations of Physics 30 (7):1123-1129.Using covariant derivatives and the operator definitions of quantum mechanics, gauge invariant Proca and Lehnert equations are derived and the Lorenz condition is eliminated in U(1) invariant electrodynamics. It is shown that the structure of the gauge invariant Lehnert equation is the same in an O(3) invariant theory of electrodynamics.
- Do butterflies dream?Roy Sorensen -unknownIf people never dreamed, would it make a difference to how they picture reality? Or themselves? Philosophers would certainly lose the most natural way of introducing skepticism. The Chinese Taoist, Chuang Tzu (369 B. C. - ?), dreamt he was a butterfly. When he awoke he wondered whether he was a man who dreamt he was butterfly or a butterfly now dreaming he is a man. Any experience can be explained as either a faithful representation of the world or as (...) a mere figment of a sleeper's imagination. (shrink)Export citation Bookmark
- Book Reviews Section 5.T. Barr Greenfield,Natalie A. Naylor,Clifford G. Erickson,Roy D. Bristow,Marjorie Holiman,Bruce M. Lutsk,Edward C. Nelson,Richard M. Schrader,Calvin B. Michael,Max Bailey,Robert E. Belding,Hank Prince,Gari Lesnoff-Caravaglia,Edgar B. Gumbert,Robert J. Nash,Robert R. Sherman,Philip G. Altbach,Edward F. Carr,Lawrence W. Byrnes &Robert Gallacher -1972 -Educational Studies 3 (4):255-270.No categories
- EL Cerroni-Long.Pamela J. Asquith,Stanley R. Barrett,Roy D'Andrade,Paul Bohannan &Robert B. Edgerton -1999 - In E. L. Cerroni-Long,Anthropological theory in North America. Westport, Conn.: Bergin & Garvey.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Translating the ICAP Theory of Cognitive Engagement Into Practice.Michelene T. H. Chi,Joshua Adams,Emily B. Bogusch,Christiana Bruchok,Seokmin Kang,Matthew Lancaster,Roy Levy,Na Li,Katherine L. McEldoon,Glenda S. Stump,Ruth Wylie,Dongchen Xu &David L. Yaghmourian -2018 -Cognitive Science 42 (6):1777-1832.ICAP is a theory of active learning that differentiates students’ engagement based on their behaviors. ICAP postulates that Interactive engagement, demonstrated by co‐generative collaborative behaviors, is superior for learning to Constructive engagement, indicated by generative behaviors. Both kinds of engagement exceed the benefits of Active or Passive engagement, marked by manipulative and attentive behaviors, respectively. This paper discusses a 5‐year project that attempted to translate ICAP into a theory of instruction using five successive measures: (a) teachers’ understanding of ICAP after (...) completing an online module, (b) their success at designing lesson plans using different ICAP modes, (c) fidelity of teachers’ classroom implementation, (d) modes of students’ enacted behaviors, and (e) students’ learning outcomes. Although teachers had minimal success in designing Constructive and Interactive activities, students nevertheless learned significantly more in the context of Constructive than Active activities. We discuss reasons for teachers’ overall difficulty in designing and eliciting Interactive engagement. (shrink)No categories
- Evidence for two superconducting gaps in the unconventional superconductor PrPt4Ge12.L. S. Sharath Chandra,M. K. Chattopadhyay &S. B. Roy -2012 -Philosophical Magazine 92 (31):3866-3881.No categories
- Multiscale simulation from atomistic to continuum – coupling molecular dynamics with the material point method.H. Lu,N. P. Daphalapurkar,B. Wang,S. Roy &R. Komanduri -2006 -Philosophical Magazine 86 (20):2971-2994.No categories
- Thermal properties and electronic structure of superconducting germanide skutterudites and : a multi-band perspective.L. S. Sharath Chandra,M. K. Chattopadhyay,S. B. Roy &Sudhir K. Pandey -2016 -Philosophical Magazine 96 (20):2161-2175.
- If A then B: How the World Discovered Logic.Roy T. Cook -2014 -History and Philosophy of Logic 35 (3):301-303.If A then B: How the World Discovered Logic is a historically oriented introduction to the basic notions of logic. In particular, and in the words of the authors, it is focused on the idea that ‘lo...
- Reviews. [REVIEW]George J. Agich,James Le Roy Smith,Larry R. Churchill,Laurence B. McCullough,Hans J. Schwanitz,Robert Tschiedel,H. Seithe &B. Baldus -1983 -Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 4 (2).No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Are morally good actions ever free?Cory J. Clark,Adam Shniderman,Jamie B. Luguri,Roy F. Baumeister &Peter H. Ditto -2018 -Consciousness and Cognition 63 (C):161-182.
- Book Review Section 2. [REVIEW]John T. Zepper,Edgar B. Gumbert,Daniel P. Huden,William P. Mclemore,William T. Lowe,Donald Warren,Roy R. Nasstrom,Stan Schoeman &Robert Nicholas Berard -1983 -Educational Studies 14 (1):64-92.No categories
- Semantic Feature Training in Combination with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Progressive Anomia.Jinyi Hung,Ashley Bauer,Murray Grossman,Roy H. Hamilton,H. B. Coslett &Jamie Reilly -2017 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 11.
- Improving 3D convolutional neural network comprehensibility via interactive visualization of relevance maps: evaluation in Alzheimer’s disease.Martin Dyrba,Moritz Hanzig,Slawek Altenstein,Sebastian Bader,Tommaso Ballarini,Frederic Brosseron,Katharina Buerger,Daniel Cantré,Peter Dechent,Laura Dobisch,Emrah Düzel,Michael Ewers,Klaus Fliessbach,Wenzel Glanz,John-Dylan Haynes,Michael T. Heneka,Daniel Janowitz,Deniz B. Keles,Ingo Kilimann,Christoph Laske,Franziska Maier,Coraline D. Metzger,Matthias H. Munk,Robert Perneczky,Oliver Peters,Lukas Preis,Josef Priller,Boris Rauchmann,Nina Roy,Klaus Scheffler,Anja Schneider,Björn H. Schott,Annika Spottke,Eike J. Spruth,Marc-André Weber,Birgit Ertl-Wagner,Michael Wagner,Jens Wiltfang,Frank Jessen &Stefan J. Teipel -unknownBackground: Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve high diagnostic accuracy for detecting Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, they are not yet applied in clinical routine. One important reason for this is a lack of model comprehensibility. Recently developed visualization methods for deriving CNN relevance maps may help to fill this gap as they allow the visualization of key input image features that drive the decision of the model. We investigated whether models with higher accuracy (...) also rely more on discriminative brain regions predefined by prior knowledge. Methods: We trained a CNN for the detection of AD in N = 663 T1-weighted MRI scans of patients with dementia and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and verified the accuracy of the models via cross-validation and in three independent samples including in total N = 1655 cases. We evaluated the association of relevance scores and hippocampus volume to validate the clinical utility of this approach. To improve model comprehensibility, we implemented an interactive visualization of 3D CNN relevance maps, thereby allowing intuitive model inspection. Results: Across the three independent datasets, group separation showed high accuracy for AD dementia versus controls (AUC ≥ 0.91) and moderate accuracy for amnestic MCI versus controls (AUC ≈ 0.74). Relevance maps indicated that hippocampal atrophy was considered the most informative factor for AD detection, with additional contributions from atrophy in other cortical and subcortical regions. Relevance scores within the hippocampus were highly correlated with hippocampal volumes (Pearson’s r ≈ −0.86, p< 0.001). Conclusion: The relevance maps highlighted atrophy in regions that we had hypothesized a priori. This strengthens the comprehensibility of the CNN models, which were trained in a purely data-driven manner based on the scans and diagnosis labels. The high hippocampus relevance scores as well as the high performance achieved in independent samples support the validity of the CNN models in the detection of AD-related MRI abnormalities. The presented data-driven and hypothesis-free CNN modeling approach might provide a useful tool to automatically derive discriminative features for complex diagnostic tasks where clear clinical criteria are still missing, for instance for the differential diagnosis between various types of dementia. (shrink)No categories
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
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