Immunitas: The Protection and Negation of Life.Roberto Esposito -2011 - Polity.detailsThis book byRoberto Esposito - a leading Italian political philosopher - is a highly original exploration of the relationship between human bodies and societies. The original function of law, even before it was codified, was to preserve peaceful cohabitation between people who were exposed to the risk of destructive conflict. Just as the human body's immune system protects the organism from deadly incursions by viruses and other threats, law also ensures the survival of the community in a life-threatening (...) situation. It protects and prolongs life. But the function of law as a form of immunization points to a more disturbing consideration. Like the individual body, the collective body can be immunized from the perceived danger only by allowing a little of what threatens it to enter its protective boundaries. This means that in order to escape the clutches of death, life is forced to incorporate within itself the lethal principle. Starting from this reflection on the nature of immunization, Esposito offers a wide-ranging analysis of contemporary biopolitics. Never more than at present has the demand for immunization come to characterize all aspects of our existence. The more we feel at risk of being infiltrated and infected by foreign elements, the more the life of the individual and society closes off within its protective boundaries, forcing us to choose between a self-destructive outcome and a more radical alternative based on a new conception of community. (shrink)
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Parts Ground the Whole and Are Identical to It.Roberto Loss -2016 -Australasian Journal of Philosophy 94 (3):489-498.detailsWhat is the relation between parts taken together and the whole that they compose? The recent literature appears to be dominated by two different answers to this question, which are normally thought of as being incompatible. According to the first, parts taken together are identical to the whole that they compose. According to the second, the whole is grounded in its parts. The aim of this paper is to make some theoretical room for the view according to which parts ground (...) the whole they compose while being, at the same time, identical to it. (shrink)
Why We Cannot Learn from Minimal Models.Roberto Fumagalli -2016 -Erkenntnis 81 (3):433-455.detailsPhilosophers of science have developed several accounts of how consideration of scientific models can prompt learning about real-world targets. In recent years, various authors advocated the thesis that consideration of so-called minimal models can prompt learning about such targets. In this paper, I draw on the philosophical literature on scientific modelling and on widely cited illustrations from economics and biology to argue that this thesis fails to withstand scrutiny. More specifically, I criticize leading proponents of such thesis for failing to (...) explicate in virtue of what properties or features minimal models supposedly prompt learning and for substantially overstating the epistemic import of minimal models. I then examine and refute several arguments one may put forward to demonstrate that consideration of minimal models can prompt learning about real-world targets. In doing so, I illustrate the implications of my critique for the wider debate on the epistemology of scientific modelling. (shrink)
Five theses on neuroeconomics.Roberto Fumagalli -2016 -Journal of Economic Methodology 23 (1):77-96.detailsOver the last decade, neuroeconomic research has attracted increasing attention by economic modellers and methodologists. In this paper, I examine five issues about neuroeconomic modelling and methodology that have recently been subject to considerable controversy. For each issue, I explicate and appraise prominent neuroeconomists' findings, focusing on those that are claimed to directly inform economic theorizing. Moreover, I assess often-made assertions concerning how neuroeconomic research putatively advances the economic modelling of choice. In doing so, I combine review and critical arguments (...) to provide a methodological evaluation of neuroeconomists' contributions. (shrink)
Dialectic of Enlightenment and the Proposal of a "Normative Horizon" of Reason [Spanish].JavierRoberto Suárez -2013 -Eidos: Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad Del Norte 18:148-177.detailsHorkheimerian’s critique of the Enlightenment, shows the process whereby the demystification of the world is triggered by way of an “an act of sovereignty” of reason. There the man lost for reason his possibility of self-criticism, causing it to be in instrumental reason. Since its inception, the Enlightenment, as myth, mutilated reason, over the pursuit of truth –theoretical truth and moral truth–, there was a renounce to sense. The dream of Enlightenment rationality was reduced to the 'instrumentalization'. This dialectic not (...) only reveals the irreversible crisis of reason, but leaves in place, in the discussion of critical theory, the idea of the 'social pathology of reason', from which a “normative horizon” can be proposed, hinting at the scene of the ethical discussion the lack of rationality of societies. (shrink)
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Rethinking God's existence as a preamble of faith in Aquinas' view.Roberto Di Ceglie -forthcoming -Agatheos -- European Journal for Philosophy of Religion.detailsFor Aquinas, the preambles of faith, including the existence of God, play a crucial role in his view of faith because they are presupposed by the articles. However, the existing literature does not make it clear how exactly the preambles can be held. In particular, the existence of God seems to cause problems. Should it be held by demonstration or by faith? I think there are problems with both. A possible solution was suggested three decades ago. In this article I (...) argue that this solution follows from a view of faith, fully attributable to Aquinas, which includes three dimensions, the intellectual, the moral and the religious. Instead, to say that in order to believe in God one must first prove or believe by faith that God exists is based on a limited perspective that reduces faith to the purely intellectual dimension. (shrink)
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Cine y filosofía: las entrevistas de Fata Morgana.Emilio Bernini,Roberto De Gaetano,Daniele Dottorini &Nuccio Ordine (eds.) -2015 - Buenos Aires, Argentina: El Cuenco de Plata.detailsPensar en el cine como ocasión y potencia del pensamiento significa en efecto, en primer lugar, sustraer la imagen contemporánea del dominio de los estudios especializados y, en segundo lugar, pensar a partir de aquello que el cine crea (como recordaba Deleuze): esto es, las imágenes mismas. El cine redescubre su potencia a través de sus propias formas. Entrevistas de la revista italiana Fata Morgana con: Jacques Rancière,Roberto Esposito, Jean-luc Nancy, Slavoj Zizek, Julia Kristeva, Werner Herzog, Raúl Ruiz, (...) Yervant Gianikian, Ángela Ricci Lucchi, Edgar Reitz, Paul Schraoer, Georges Didi-Huberman, Jean-Louis Comolli, Nuccio Ordine. (shrink)
Ética e Finitude, de Zeljko Loparic.Roberto S. Kahlmeyer-Mertens -2005 -Princípios 12 (17):205-209.detailsResenha do livro de Loparic, Zeljko. Ética e finitude . Sáo Paulo: Escuta, 2004, 120 páginas.
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La filosofia politica di Machiavelli.Giulio M. Chiodi &Roberto Gatti (eds.) -2014 - Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli.detailsQuesta raccolta di saggi, inserita nella collana sui classici della filosofia politica, conferma la ricchezza e la complessità della riflessione di Machiavelli e documenta anche la piena legittimità della sua collocazione nell’ambito della tradizione filo.
Obra completa.CarlosRoberto Velho Cirne-Lima -2017 - [Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil]: Escritos.detailsLivro I. Ainda Neotomista -- Livro II. A ruptura : dialética e realismo -- Livro III. Filosofia como sistema : o núcleo -- Livro IV. Filosofia como sistema : artigos e entrevistas (2014-2006) -- Livro V. Filosofia como sistema : artigos e entrevistas (2005-1962).
La questione della decadenzaL Henry Miller e 'il tramonto dell'Occidente'.Roberto Limonta -1997 -ACME: Annali della Facoltà di lettere e filosofia dell'Università degli studi di Milano 50 (2):127-152.detailsL'articolo affronta il rapporto tra Henry Miller e Il tramonto dell'Occidente di OSwald Spengler, oggetto di una lettura approfondita e appassionata. Temi centrali sono quelli della decadenza della civiltà e delle vie d'uscita in chiave vitalistica e letteraria, da questo declino.
Filosofia e História da Ciência no Cone Sul. 3o Encontro.Roberto de Andrade Martins,Lilian Al-Chueyr Pereira Martins,Cibelle Celestino Silva &Juliana Mesquita Hidalgo Ferreira (eds.) -2008 - Associação de Filosofia e História da Ciência do Cone Sul, AFHIC.detailsA selection of papers presented at the III South Cone Meeting of Philosophy and History of Science. Papers are in Portuguese and Spanish.
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Dos estudios sobre educación.Roberto Munizaga Aguirre -1940 - [La Serena, Chile]: Universidad de La Serena, Facultad de Humanidades.detailsLa filosofía educacional de Fröbel -- John Dewey, filósofo de América.
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La naturaleza de la pseudociencia: algunas consideraciones sobre el estudio de fenómenos inexistentes.Roberto de Andrade Martins -2001 -Epistemologia E Historia de la Ciencia 7:317-328.detailsO conceito de pseudo-ciência procura identificar propostas que têm uma aparência científica mas que não satisfazem critérios rigorosos de cientificidade. Alguns exemplos muito citados de pseudo-fenômenos estão os fatos alegados pela parapsicologia e pela astrologia. Para caracterizar a pseudo-ciência alguns autores propuseram critérios psicológicos, sociológicos ou metodológicos. O objetivo básico de uma caracterização metodológica dos pseudo-fenômenos é permitir identificar aquilo que parece existir, mas não existe. Trata-se, portanto, de uma distinção essencialmente ontológica. Este trabalho irá descrever várias tentativas de estabelecer (...) critérios desse tipo e mostrará que nenhuma delas é satisfatória. Será apresentada uma abordagem alternativa, compatível com o caráter provisório do conhecimento científico, que permite avaliar a proposta de existência de um novo fenômeno e guiar a pesquisa, sem no entanto permitir concluir se o fenômeno existe ou não. (shrink)
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