The semantic foundations of logic.Richard L. Epstein -1994 - New York: Oxford University Press.detailsThis book presents modern logic as the formalization of reasoning that needs and deserves a semantic foundation. Chapters on propositional logic; parsing propositions; and meaning, truth and reference give the reader a basis for establishing criteria that can be used to judge formalizations of ordinary language arguments. Over 120 worked examples illustrate the scope and limitations of modern logic, as analyzed in chapters on identity, quantifiers, descriptive names, and functions. The chapter on second-order logic shows how different conceptions of predicates (...) and propositions do not lead to a common basis for quantification over predicates, as they do for quantification over things. Notable for its clarity of presentation and supplemented by many exercises, this volume will be invaluable for philosophers, linguists, mathematicians, and computer scientists who wish to better understand the tools they use in formal reasoning. (shrink)
Computability: Computable Functions, Logic, and the Foundations of Mathematics.Richard L. Epstein -2004detailsThis book is dedicated to a classic presentation of the theory of computable functions in the context of the foundations of mathematics. Part I motivates the study of computability with discussions and readings about the crisis in the foundations of mathematics in the early 20th century, while presenting the basic ideas of whole number, function, proof, and real number. Part II starts with readings from Turing and Post leading to the formal theory of recursive functions. Part III presents sufficient formal (...) logic to give a full development of Gödel's incompleteness theorems. Part IV considers the significance of the technical work with a discussion of Church's Thesis and readings on the foundations of mathematics. This new edition contains the timeline "Computability and Undecidability" as well as the essay "On mathematics". (shrink)
Degrees of unsolvability: structure and theory.Richard L. Epstein -1979 - New York: Springer Verlag.detailsThe contributions in the book examine the historical and contemporary manifestations of organized crime, the symbiotic relationship between legitimate and ...
Reflections on temporal and modal logic.Richard L. Epstein -2014 -Logic and Logical Philosophy 24 (1):111-139.detailsThe most popular method of incorporating time into a formal logic is based on the work of Arthur Prior. It treats tenses as operators on sentences. In this essay I show a serious problem with that approach, a confusion of scheme versus proposition, which makes any system built in that way incoherent. I will compare how other formal logics deal with the scheme versus proposition distinction and find that only for formal modal logics does the same problem arise. I then (...) compare Prior’s approach to other ways of taking time into account in formal logics. (shrink)
The Semantic Foundations of Logic Volume 1: Propositional Logics.Richard L. Epstein &Walter Alexandre Carnielli -1990 - Dordrecht, Boston, and London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.detailsThis book grew out of my confusion. If logic is objective how can there be so many logics? Is there one right logic, or many right ones? Is there some underlying unity that connects them? What is the significance of the mathematical theorems about logic which I've learned if they have no connection to our everyday reasoning? The answers I propose revolve around the perception that what one pays attention to in reasoning determines which logic is appropriate. The act of (...) abstracting from our reasoning in our usual language is the stepping stone from reasoned argument to logic. We cannot take this step alone, for we reason together: logic is reasoning which has some objective value. For you to understand my answers, or perhaps better, conjectures, I have retraced my steps: from the concrete to the abstract, from examples, to general theory, to further confirming examples, to reflections on the significance of the work. (shrink)
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Minimal Degrees of Unsolvability and the Full Approximation Construction.American Mathematical Society,Donald I. Cartwright,John Williford Duskin &Richard L. Epstein -1975 - American Mathematical Soc..detailsFor the purposes of this monograph, "by a degree" is meant a degree of recursive unsolvability. A degree [script bold]m is said to be minimal if 0 is the unique degree less than [script bold]m. Each of the six chapters of this self-contained monograph is devoted to the proof of an existence theorem for minimal degrees.
A note on countability.Richard L. Epstein -2018 -Think 17 (50):57-59.detailsWhat do we mean by ‘countable’?Export citation.
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A propositional logic of temporal connectives.Richard L. Epstein &Esperanza Buitrago-Díaz -2015 -Logic and Logical Philosophy 24 (2):155-200.detailsWe investigate how to formalize reasoning that takes account of time by using connectives like “before” and “after.” We develop semantics for a formal logic, which we axiomatize. In proving that the axiomatization is strongly complete we show how a temporal ordering of propositions can yield a linear timeline. We formalize examples of ordinary language sentences to illustrate the scope and limitations of this method. We then discuss ways to deal with some of those limitations.
Initial segments of degrees below 0'.Richard L. Epstein -1981 - Providence, R.I.: American Mathematical Society.detailsMOTIVATION The constructivization of ; => D(_£^') poses several problems. For some of these the tools of MD can be modified; for others new methods will need to be established. What must we do to make a full approximation to ; * D? We ...