Results for 'Petre Breazu'
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- A critical multimodal analysis of the Romanian press coverage of camp evictions and deportations of the Roma migrants from France.David Machin &PetreBreazu -2018 -Discourse and Communication 12 (4):339-356.In this article, we carry out a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of a sample from a larger corpus of Romanian news articles that covered the controversial camp evictions and repatriation of Romanian Roma migrants from France that began in 2010 and continue to the time of writing in 2017. These French government policies have been highly criticized both within France and by international political and aid organizations. However, the analysis shows how these brutal, anti-humanitarian events became recontextualized in the Romanian (...) Press to represent the French government’s actions as peaceful and consensual. In addition, the demonization of the Roma in the press serves as a strategy to continuously disassociate them from their Romanian counterparts. While there is a long history of discrimination against the Roma in Romania, these particular recontextualizations can be understood in the context of the Romanian government’s need to gloss over its failure to comply with the Schengen accession requirements and acquire full European Union membership. (shrink)No categories
- Romaphobia in Romanian press: The lifting of work restrictions for Romanian migrants in the European Union.Göran Eriksson &PetreBreazu -2021 -Discourse and Communication 15 (2):139-162.The lifting of work restrictions for Romanian and Bulgarian citizens in the EU, in January 2014, encountered much resistance both in European political discourse and the media, as these migrants became demonised and presented as social and economic threats. In this article, we show how the Romanian press dealt with such discriminatory discourses against the Romanian migrants. We conduct a thorough Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of news items published in Romanian press, prior to the lifting of work restrictions, and we (...) argue that the Roma emerged as the perfect scapegoats that could explain the deviant and unruly behaviours ascribed by some western media to ‘Romanians’. We also show how racism toward the Roma, referred here as Romaphobia, invokes non-racial practices and instead builds on a reverse victimhood narrative. Such discourses relate in a broader sense to well-established discursive practices in Romanian context but also to the political climate across Europe which is marked by increased intolerance toward the Roma. It is the mixture of stereotypical discourses and populist rhetoric that makes racism towards the Roma appear naturalised and increasingly more difficult to challenge. (shrink)No categories
- Philosophy and logic: selected writings ofPetre Botezatu.Petre Botezatu -1987 - Iaṣi: "Al. I. Cuza" University of Iaṣi, Department of Philosophy.
- Understanding Vagueness: Logical, Philosophical, and Linguistic Perspectives.Petr Cintula,Christian G. Fermüller,Lluis Godo &Petr Hájek (eds.) -2011 - College Publications.Vague language and corresponding models of inference and information processing is an important and challenging topic as witnessed by a number of recent monographs and collections of essays devoted to the topic. This volume collects fifteen papers, the majority of which originated with talks presented at the conference "Logical Models of Reasoning with Vague Information ", September 14-17, 2009, in Čejkovice, that initiated a EUROCORES/LogICCC project with the same title. At least two features set the current volume apart from other (...) texts: first, the interdisciplinary nature of the topic is nicely reflected by the wide range of interests of the authors, who include philosophers, linguists, logicians, as well as mathematicians and computer scientists. Secondly, all the papers are accompanied by comments written by other authors and a few outside experts. These comments and corresponding replies by the authors document the very lively ongoing debate on adequate models of vague language. (shrink)
- (1 other version)321 de vorbe memorabile ale luiPetre Țuțea.Petre Țuțea -1993 - București: Humanitas. Edited by Gabriel Liiceanu.
- Význam a interpretace Petra Koťátka.Petr Glombíček -2008 -Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 15 (1):51-74.No categories
- Reflexe environmentální problematiky v dějinách české a slovenské filosofie.Petr Jemelka -2016 - Praha: Filosofia.
- Moarte și nonsens. Interpretare pre-judicativă a ființei întru moarte.RemusBreazu -2020 - In Viorel Cernica,Studii în hermeneutica pre-judicativă și meontologie, vol. 4. Bucharest: Editura Universității din București. pp. 55-90.The main goal of this paper is to interpret the experience of attempting to think one’s own death, an experience which is de-constitutive. The second goal is to show that this experience may be the ground of some paradoxical philosophical concepts, such as the Aristotelian concept of prime matter. In the first part of the paper,(i) it is laid out the phenomenological concept of constitution. In the second part of the paper,(ii) it is laid out the Heideggerian concept of being (...) into death. Starting from here,(iii) constitution and death are brought together, in order to enfold (iv) the question of one’s own death, which is something different from being into death. The analysis is deepened through (v) the interpretation of the temporality of this experience. Last,(vi) it is suggested the similarity to the experience brought by the attempt to think prime matter. (shrink)
- Estetica vieții cotidiene.MarcelBreazu &Anton Moisescu (eds.) -1966 - București: Editura Științifică.Export citation
Bookmark - Reconstruction and Ontology in Noica's Philosophy.RemusBreazu -2017 -Revue Roumaine de Philosophie 61 (2):287-295.Export citation Bookmark
- Tvůrcem snadno a rychle: essaye.Petr Den -1934 - Praha: Melantrich A.S..Export citation Bookmark
- Meditace o základech vědy.Petr Vopěnka -2001 - Praha: Práh.
- Why and how to construct an epistemic justification of machine learning?Petr Spelda &Vit Stritecky -2024 -Synthese 204 (2):1-24.Consider a set of shuffled observations drawn from a fixed probability distribution over some instance domain. What enables learning of inductive generalizations which proceed from such a set of observations? The scenario is worthwhile because it epistemically characterizes most of machine learning. This kind of learning from observations is also inverse and ill-posed. What reduces the non-uniqueness of its result and, thus, its problematic epistemic justification, which stems from a one-to-many relation between the observations and many learnable generalizations? The paper (...) argues that this role belongs to any complexity regularization which satisfies Norton’s Material Theory of Induction (MTI) by localizing the inductive risk to facts in the given domain. A prime example of the localization is the Lottery Ticket Hypothesis (LTH) about overparameterized neural networks. The explanation of MTI’s role in complexity regularization of neural networks is provided by analyzing the stability of Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM), an inductive rule that controls the learning process and leads to an inductive generalization on the given set of observations. In cases where ERM might become asymptotically unstable, making the justification of the generalization by uniform convergence unavailable, LTH and MTI can be used to define a local stability. A priori, overparameterized neural networks are such cases and the combination of LTH and MTI can block ERM’s trivialization caused by equalizing the strengths of its inductive support for risk minimization. We bring closer the investigation of generalization in artificial neural networks and the study of inductive inference and show the division of labor between MTI and the optimality justifications (developed by Gerhard Schurz) in machine learning. (shrink)
- Topic, focus and generative semantics.Petr Sgall -1973 - Kronberg Taunus,: Scriptor Verlag. Edited by Eva Hajičová & Eva Benešová.
- The liar paradox and fuzzy logic.Petr Hájek,Jeff Paris &John Shepherdson -2000 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 65 (1):339-346.Can one extend crisp Peano arithmetic PA by a possibly many-valued predicate Tr(x) saying "x is true" and satisfying the "dequotation schema" $\varphi \equiv \text{Tr}(\bar{\varphi})$ for all sentences φ? This problem is investigated in the frame of Lukasiewicz infinitely valued logic.
- Prelegeri de istorie a filosofiei: de la Kant la Schopenhauer.Petre Andrei -1997 - Iași: Fundația Academică "P. Andrei".
- Discursul metodei: un itinerar logico-filosofic.Petre Botezatu -1995 - Iași: Junimea. Edited by Petru Ioan & Sorin Pârvu.No categories
- Semiotică și negație.Petre Botezatu -1973 - Iași: "Junimea,".No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Educatia estetică prin artã și literatură.MarcelBreazu (ed.) -1964 - București Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne,:Export citation Bookmark
- The Concept of Priority in Aristotle's Categories.RemusBreazu -2020 -Revue Roumaine de Philosophie 64 (1):169-181.In Categories 12 Aristotle gives several meanings of the concept of priority. Since this chapter belongs to what was traditionally called “post-predicaments,” Aristotle’s presentation of priority was rather neglected by commentators. In this paper, I analyse the concept of priority as it is presented by Aristotle in Categories 12. First, I analyse priority with respect to opposites, contraries, and relatives. Second, I investigate each of the five meanings, and I show their inner connection with other concepts from Categories. Furthermore, I (...) show that we can find an additional meaning of priority, which is implicit in Aristotle’s presentation from Categories 12. (shrink)Export citation Bookmark
- An Aristocratic Compatibilist's Providence: Components of Aquinas's Soft Determinist View.Petr Dvorský -2024 - Leiden ; Boston: BRILL.Analyzing different philosophical and theological components of Aquinas’s view regarding the relation between human agency and divine providence, the monograph shows this view to be compatibilist, based on a determinist conception of causation and an aristocratic understanding of goodness.
- Ludwig Wittgenstein, Modrá a hnedá kniha.Petr Glombíček -2002 -Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 9 (2):226-229.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Ján Maliarik (K 60. výročí úmrtí).Petr Jemelka -forthcoming -Filozofia.No categories
- Filosofia Renașterii.Petre P. Negulescu &G. Pienescu -1986 - București: Editura Eminescu. Edited by G. Pienescu.
- Istoria filozofiei moderne.Petre P. Negulescu -1972 - București,: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România. Edited by Gogoneaţă, Nicolae & [From Old Catalog].Export citation Bookmark
- Idea, hypotéza a otázka: k Platónově teorii idejí.Petr Rezek (ed.) -1991 - Praha: Institut pro středoevropskou kulturu a politiku.
- Violence in mass-mediated images and memory. Phenomenological account of prosthetic memories.RemusBreazu -forthcoming -Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences.In this paper, I analyse Alison Landsberg’s concept of prosthetic memories from a phenomenological perspective. Prosthetic memory, while sharing similarities with both personal and collective memory, is neither exclusively personal nor strictly collective, emerging as a product of new media in mass communication. According to Landsberg, prosthetic memories have four main characteristics: the recaller experiences them as firsthand accounts despite not personally living through the events, these memories often revolve around traumatic events, have a commodified form, and are ethically useful. (...) Using Husserl’s theories on memory consciousness and image consciousness, and contemporary phenomenological research on violence, I provide a phenomenological account for the first three characteristics of prosthetic memory. The key factors contributing to their quasi-personal and quasi-collective nature lie, on the one hand, in the presence of imagistic violence and, on the other hand, in their mass-mediated image character. (shrink)
- The Aestheticization of Violence in Images.RemusBreazu -2022 -Philosophia 51 (1):33-52.The paper aims to give a phenomenological account of the way in which the experience of violence is modified in the aesthetic images. The phenomenological framework in which I place my analysis is primarily given by Edmund Husserl’s conception. The investigation starts from the curious fact that violence cannot be aesthetically experienced when it is presented in person, but it can be aesthetically experienced in images. I claim that the reason for this asymmetry lies in the structure of image-consciousness, that (...) is, in the differences between the physical thing, the depicting object and the depicted subject. Given that the image-consciousness presupposes the background of the physical thing, which is constantly and implicitly aimed by the consciousness, it is possible to focus only on the manner in which the depicted violence appears. In this way, we can aesthetically contemplate a violent scene without being disturbed by it. To show this, I bring forth a brief presentation of the a priori structure of (i) image-consciousness and (ii) aesthetic attitude, as they have been theorised by Husserl. After (iii) providing a minimal concept of violence and explaining some of the modifications that violence undergoes in image-consciousness, (iv) I show how violence is modified in aesthetic images. (shrink)
- Human Induction in Machine Learning: A Survey of the Nexus.Petr Spelda &Vit Stritecky -2021 -ACM Computing Surveys 54 (3):1-18.As our epistemic ambitions grow, the common and scientific endeavours are becoming increasingly dependent on Machine Learning (ML). The field rests on a single experimental paradigm, which consists of splitting the available data into a training and testing set and using the latter to measure how well the trained ML model generalises to unseen samples. If the model reaches acceptable accuracy, an a posteriori contract comes into effect between humans and the model, supposedly allowing its deployment to target environments. Yet (...) the latter part of the contract depends on human inductive predictions or generalisations, which infer a uniformity between the trained ML model and the targets. The paper asks how we justify the contract between human and machine learning. It is argued that the justification becomes a pressing issue when we use ML to reach ‘elsewheres’ in space and time or deploy ML models in non-benign environments. The paper argues that the only viable version of the contract can be based on optimality (instead of on reliability which cannot be justified without circularity) and aligns this position with Schurz’s optimality justification. It is shown that when dealing with inaccessible/unstable ground-truths (‘elsewheres’ and non-benign targets), the optimality justification undergoes a slight change, which should reflect critically on our epistemic ambitions. Therefore, the study of ML robustness should involve not only heuristics that lead to acceptable accuracies on testing sets. The justification of human inductive predictions or generalisations about the uniformity between ML models and targets should be included as well. Without it, the assumptions about inductive risk minimisation in ML are not addressed in full. (shrink)
- Towards evaluation games for fuzzy logics.Petr Cintula &Ondrej Majer -2009 - In Ondrej Majer, Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen & Tero Tulenheimo,Games: Unifying Logic, Language, and Philosophy. Dordrecht, Netherland: Springer Verlag. pp. 117--138.
- Structural Completeness in Fuzzy Logics.Petr Cintula &George Metcalfe -2009 -Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 50 (2):153-182.Structural completeness properties are investigated for a range of popular t-norm based fuzzy logics—including Łukasiewicz Logic, Gödel Logic, Product Logic, and Hájek's Basic Logic—and their fragments. General methods are defined and used to establish these properties or exhibit their failure, solving a number of open problems.
- Learnability of state spaces of physical systems is undecidable.Petr Spelda &Vit Stritecky -2024 -Journal of Computational Science 83 (December 2024):1-7.Despite an increasing role of machine learning in science, there is a lack of results on limits of empirical exploration aided by machine learning. In this paper, we construct one such limit by proving undecidability of learnability of state spaces of physical systems. We characterize state spaces as binary hypothesis classes of the computable Probably Approximately Correct learning framework. This leads to identifying the first limit for learnability of state spaces in the agnostic setting. Further, using the fact that finiteness (...) of the combinatorial dimension of hypothesis classes is undecidable, we derive undecidability for learnability of state spaces as well. Throughout the paper, we try to connect our formal results with modern neural networks. This allows us to bring the limits close to the current practice and make a first step in connecting scientific exploration aided by machine learning with results from learning theory. (shrink)
- Ethics: origin and development.Petr Alekseevich Kropotkin -1924 - Chalmington, Dorchester, Dorset: Prism Press. Edited by Louis S. Friedland & Joseph R. Piroshnikoff.
- SumatraTT: Towards a universal data preprocessor.Petr Aubrecht,Filip Zelezny,Petr Miksovsky,Olga Stepankova &Olga Tdpclnkovcl -2002 - In Robert Trappl,Cybernetics and Systems. Austrian Society for Cybernetics Studies. pp. 818-823.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- JG Fichte and his vision of future politics.Petr Blaha -2011 -Filosoficky Casopis 59 (2):263-268.Export citation Bookmark
- Direcții în logica contemporană.Petre Botezatu (ed.) -1974 - București: Editura științifică.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Logical Models of Reasoning with Vague Information.Petr Cintula,Chris Fermüller,Lluis Godo &Petr Hájek (eds.) -2011Export citation Bookmark
- Complex Hadamard matrices from Sylvester inverse orthogonal matrices.Petre Diţă -2009 - In Krzysztof Stefanski,Open Systems and Information Dynamics. World scientific publishing company. pp. 16--04.No categories
- Causality of ideas in history, and (im-) possibilities of evaluating historical events.Petr Dvorak -2013 -Filosoficky Casopis 61 (4):603-608.Export citation Bookmark
- The ontological foundation of possibility: An aristotelian approach1.Petr Dvořák -2007 -Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 14 (1):72-83.The article introduces and defends Aristotelian ontological theory of the possible as that which a power is capable of bringing about. It regards this conception to be a sort of middle way between Platonic explanation based on abstracta on one hand and the possibilist theory ultimately making everything possible into actual on the other. The doctrine defended leads to the conception of necessary being. Combined with other assumptions concerning this being, there arise some interesting issues and apparent tensions to be (...) resolved. The article outlines some of the discussions related to these problems in medieval and early modern Scholasticism. (shrink)
- Istoricheskīi︠a︡ pisʹma.Petr Lavrovich Lavrov -1906 - S.-Peterburg,: M. P. Negreskul.
- Sot︠s︡ialʹnai︠a︡ revoli︠u︡t︠s︡ii︠a︡ i zadachi nravstvennosti.Petr Lavrovich Lavrov -1921No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Mýtus, epos a logos: studijní texty.Petr Rezek (ed.) -1991 - Praha: Institut Pro Stredoevropskou Kulturu a Politiku.No categories
- Schellings Rede über die Bibelgesellschaften.Petr Rezvykh -2007 -Journal for the History of Modern Theology/Zeitschrift für Neuere Theologiegeschichte 14 (1):1-48.The article conveys fresh details about activities of the well-known German philosopher F.W. J. Schelling as preseding chair of the local Bible society in Erlangen in 1824-27 and reprints the public address “On value and significance of Bible societies” that was given by him in that position. Newly discovered archival material makes it possible not only to identify the exact date and circumstances of the address but also to demonstrate its wider biographical, philosophical, theological and political significance, especially in relation (...) to Schelling's attitude regarding the differences between Catholicism and Protestantism in Germany in the first part of the nineteenth century, as well as how Schelling's philosophy of revelation relates to the confessional debates of his day. (shrink)No categories
- Rol ́narodnykh mass i lichnosti v istorii.Petr Mikhaĭlovich Rogachev -1966 - Moskva,: Izd-vo polit. lit-ry. Edited by Matveĭ Abramovich Sverdlin.
- Dynamics in the meaning of the sentence and of discourse.Petr Sgall -2003 - In Jaroslav Peregrin,Meaning: the dynamic turn. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Science. pp. 169--184.Export citation Bookmark
- Universities in Central Europe: Changing Perspectives in the Troubled Twentieth Century.Petr Svobodný -2015 - In Kostas Gavroglu, Maria Paula Diogo & Ana Simões,Sciences in the Universities of Europe, Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Academic Landscapes. Dordrecht: Springer Verlag.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- The fourth way.Petr Dem'i︠a︡novich Uspenskiĭ -1957 - London,: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Edited by Georges Ivanovitch Gurdjieff.Export citation Bookmark
- Dissociative states in dreams and brain chaos: implications for creative awareness.Petr Bob &Olga Louchakova -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6:150287.This article reviews recent findings indicating some common brain processes during dissociative states and dreaming with the aim to outline a perspective that neural chaotic states during dreaming can be closely related to dissociative states that may manifest in dreams scenery. These data are in agreement with various clinical findings that dissociated states can be projected into the “dream scenery” in REM sleep periods and dreams may represent their specific interactions that may uncover unusual psychological potential of creativity in psychotherapy, (...) art and scientific discoveries. (shrink)
- One-Variable Fragments of First-Order Logics.Petr Cintula,George Metcalfe &Naomi Tokuda -2024 -Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 30 (2):253-278.The one-variable fragment of a first-order logic may be viewed as an “S5-like” modal logic, where the universal and existential quantifiers are replaced by box and diamond modalities, respectively. Axiomatizations of these modal logics have been obtained for special cases—notably, the modal counterparts $\mathrm {S5}$ and $\mathrm {MIPC}$ of the one-variable fragments of first-order classical logic and first-order intuitionistic logic, respectively—but a general approach, extending beyond first-order intermediate logics, has been lacking. To this end, a sufficient criterion is given in (...) this paper for the one-variable fragment of a semantically defined first-order logic—spanning families of intermediate, substructural, many-valued, and modal logics—to admit a certain natural axiomatization. More precisely, an axiomatization is obtained for the one-variable fragment of any first-order logic based on a variety of algebraic structures with a lattice reduct that has the superamalgamation property, using a generalized version of a functional representation theorem for monadic Heyting algebras due to Bezhanishvili and Harding. An alternative proof-theoretic strategy for obtaining such axiomatization results is also developed for first-order substructural logics that have a cut-free sequent calculus and admit a certain interpolation property. (shrink)
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
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Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
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Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
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Brandon Look
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Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
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Jack Alan Reynolds
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