Results for 'Paul H. Naylor'
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- The thymus AIDS connection: Thymosin in the diagnosis and treatment of individuals at risk for AIDS.Paul H.Naylor,Teresa L. K. Low &Allan L. Goldstein -1984 -Bioessays 1 (2):63-69.The thymus gland, which plays a key role in the maturation and functioning of the lymphoid system, is implicated in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The observation that the thymic hormone, thymosin α1, is elevated in individuals at risk for AIDS (as opposed to being depressed in other immunodeficient states) has provided the first direct evidence that the thymus is malfunctioning early in the course of this deadly disease. These observations have been valuable in screening for the syndrome with (...) a rapid radioimmunoassay and in the initiation of the first clinical trials with thymosin in high risk homosexuals and hemophiliacs. If the progressive immune paralysis in AIDS is due to a dying thymus, the early identification of asymptomatic carriers of AIDS or individuals with modest AIDS‐related dysfunction may lead to therapy with thymosin or other thymomimetic agents that can restore immune function and prevent the onset of frank AIDS. (shrink)
- What is climate change doing to us and for us?Paul H. Carr -2018 -Zygon 53 (2):443-461.What are we doing to our climate? Emissions from fossil fuel burning have raised carbon dioxide concentrations 35 percent higher than in the past millions of years. This increase is warming our planet via the greenhouse effect. What is climate change doing to and for us? Dry regions are drier and wet ones wetter. Wildfires have increased threefold, hurricanes more violent, floods setting record heights, glaciers melting, and seas rising. Parts of Earth are increasingly uninhabitable. Climate change requires us to (...) act as a global community. Climate justice enjoins emitters to pay the social‐environmental costs of fossil fuel burning. This would expedite green solar, wind, and next‐generation nuclear energy sources. Individuals should conserve resources, waste less food, and eat a plant‐rich diet. (shrink)
- Degeneracy: Demystifying and destigmatizing a core concept in systems biology.Paul H. Mason -2015 -Complexity 20 (3):12-21.
- William Empson: Prophet Against Sacrifice.Paul H. Fry -1991 - Routledge._William Empson: Prophet Against Sacrifice_ provides the most coherent account of Empson's diverse career to date. While exploring the richness of Empson's comic genius,Paul H. Fry serves to discredit the appropriation of his name in recent polemic by the conflicting parties of deconstruction and politicized cultural criticism. He argues that Empson is a larger, more important figure than the orthodox in either camp can acknowledge, deserving to be considered alongside such versatile critics as Walter Benjamin, Kenneth Burke and (...) Roland Barthes. (shrink)
- A theology for evolution: Haught, teilhard, and Tillich.Paul H. Carr -2005 -Zygon 40 (3):733-738.Paul Tillich and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin both have made contributions to a theology of evolution. In a 2002 essay John Haught expresses doubt that Tilllich's rather classical theology of “being” is radical enough to account for the “becoming” of evolution. Tillich's ontology of being includes the polarity of form and dynamics. Dynamics is the potentiality of being, that is, becoming. Tillich's dynamic dialectic of being and nonbeing is a more descriptive metaphor for the five mass extinctions of evolutionary (...) history than Teilhard's progress. This dialectic is also a more realistic description of cosmic evolution. Tillich's “Kingdom of God” within history as well as “the End of History,” in contrast to Teilhard's Omega Point, does not appear to contradict the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which predicts that the universe will ultimately disintegrate. Haught's contrast/contact modes of relating science and religion would regard Teilhard's Omega Point as an expression of spiritual hope and purpose rather than a scientifically verifiable principle. The contrast/ contact position is consonant with Tillich's description of religion as part of the vertical dimension of ultimate concern and science as part of the horizontal dimension of relationships between finite objects. Tillich did not share Teilhard's optimistic vision of the future. (shrink)
- Morals, religion and the maintained school.Paul H. Hirst -1965 -British Journal of Educational Studies 14 (1):5-18.
- An Empirical Comparison of Human Value Models.Paul H. P. Hanel,Lukas F. Litzellachner &Gregory R. Maio -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9.
- Review ofPaul H. Appleby:Big Democracy. [REVIEW]Paul H. Appleby -1945 -Ethics 56 (1):73-74.
- Structure and Function in Criminal Law.Paul H. Robinson -1997 -Law and Philosophy 18 (1):85-104.Professor Robinson provides a new critique of the often neglected problem of classification within the criminal law. He presents a discussion of the present conceptual framework of the law, and offers explanations of how and why formal structures do not match the operation of law in practice. In this scholarly exposition of applied criminal theory, Robinson argues that the current operational structure of the criminal law fails to take account of its different functions. He goes on to suggest new sample (...) codes of criminal conduct and criminal adjudication which mark a real departure from the pragmatic approach which presently dominates code-making. This rounded exploration of the structure of systems of criminal law is an important work for law teachers and policy makers world-wide. (shrink)
- (1 other version)Language and thought.Paul H. Hirst -1966 -Proceedings of the Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain 1 (1):63-75.Paul H Hirst; Language and Thought, Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 1, Issue 1, 30 May 2006, Pages 63–75, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.1967.tb.
- Stockholders as Grassroots Activists.Paul H. Sutherland -1990 -Business Ethics: The Magazine of Corporate Responsibility 4 (5):15-16.
- Newman's Conversion.Paul H. Schmidt -1984 -Renascence 36 (4):203-218.
- Beneath Interpretation: Intention and the Experience of Literature.Paul H. Fry -1999 - In David Fuller & Patricia Waugh,The Arts and Sciences of Criticism. Oxford University Press.Export citation
Bookmark - Annual Meeting of the History of Science Society: Atlanta, 7-10 November 1996.Paul H. Theerman,Keith R. Benson &Charles C. Gillispie -1997 -Isis 88 (1):187-194.
- The Role of Moral Philosophers in the Competition Between Deontological and Empirical Desert.Paul H. Robinson -unknown
- The Age of the Post. A History of Post-Concepts in the Humanities and Social Sciences.H.Paul &A. Veldhuzien (eds.) -2021No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- An argument against the conjunction of direct realism and the standard causal picture.Paul H. Griffiths -unknownRecent work in defence of direct realism has concentrated on the representationalist and disjunctivist responses to the arguments from illusion and hallucination, whilst relatively little attention has been given to the argument from causation which has been dismissed lightly as irrelevant or confused. However such charges arise from an ambiguity in the thesis which is being defended and the failure to distinguish between metaphysical and epistemological issues and between factual and conceptual claims. The argument from causation, as an argument against (...) the conjunction of metaphysical direct realism and an explanation of the perceptual process in terms of a naturalistically understood causal chain of events, has not been answered in the philosophical literature. Moreover when the process of perception is fleshed out in terms of contemporary cognitive science, the difficulties are compounded. Neither representation-friendly mainstream cognitive science, nor representation-averse radical embodied cognitive science, is compatible with a theory of perception which is at the same time both direct and robustly realist. (shrink)
- The Modern General Part: Three Illusions.Paul H. Robinson -2002 - In Stephen Shute & Andrew Simester,Criminal law theory: doctrines of the general part. New York: Oxford University Press.Export citation Bookmark
- Personal Genomic Testing, Genetic Inheritance, and Uncertainty.Paul H. Mason -2017 -Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 14 (4):583-584.The case outlined below is the basis for the In That Case section of the “Ethics and Epistemology of Big Data” symposium. Jordan receives reports from two separate personal genomic tests that provide intriguing data about ancestry and worrying but ambiguous data about the potential risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. What began as a personal curiosity about genetic inheritance turns into an alarming situation of medical uncertainty. Questions about Jordan’s family tree are overshadowed by even more questions about Alzheimer’s disease (...) and healthy ageing. As a parent, Jordan is unsure whether to share these results and what it would mean for their children to learn about their genetic inheritance and potential future health. Furthermore, Jordan is unsure how to make sense of these reports in light of current knowledge of the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease and in the absence of effective treatments or robust preventative guidelines. (shrink)
- Fury and Technique: Editorial.Paul H. Hirst -1977 -Philosophy 52 (202):377-379.No categories
- Metaphor Aptness and Conventionality: A Processing Fluency Account.Paul H. Thibodeau &Frank H. Durgin -2011 -Metaphor and Symbol 26 (3):206-226.Conventionality and aptness are two dimensions of metaphorical sentences thought to play an important role in determining how quick and easy it is to process a metaphor. Conventionality reflects the familiarity of a metaphor whereas aptness reflects the degree to which a metaphor vehicle captures important features of a metaphor topic. In recent years it has become clear that operationalizing these two constructs is not as simple as asking naïve raters for subjective judgments. It has been found that ratings of (...) aptness and conventionality are highly correlated, which has led some researchers to pursue alternative methods for measuring the constructs. Here, in four experiments, we explore the underlying reasons for the high correlation in ratings of aptness and conventionality, and question the construct validity of various methods for measuring the two dimensions. We find that manipulating the processing fluency of a metaphorical sentence by means of familiarization to similar senses of the metaphor (“in vivo conventionalization”) influences ratings of the sentence's aptness. This misattribution may help explain why subjective ratings of aptness and conventionality are highly correlated. In addition, we find other reasons to question the construct validity of conventionality and aptness measures: for instance, we find that conventionality is context dependent and thus not attributable to a metaphor vehicle alone, and we find that ratings of aptness take more into account than they should. (shrink)No categories
- Back in Yale Again: A Reply to Charles Altieri.Paul H. Fry -1985 -Diacritics 15 (3):65.No categories
- The anomalous extension problem in default reasoning.Paul H. Morris -1988 -Artificial Intelligence 35 (3):383-399.
- Pierre Duhem: Science and the Historian's Craft.H. W.Paul -1972 -Journal of the History of Ideas 33 (3):497.
- From revelation and faith to reason and agnosticism.Paul H. Hirst -2010 - In Peter Caws & Stefani Jones,Religious Upbringing and the Costs of Freedom: Personal and Philosophical Essays. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 155-175.
- Living beyond the law: how people behave when the rules don't apply.Paul H. Robinson -2014 - Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. Edited by Sarah M. Robinson.What is our nature? : What does government do for us, and to us? -- Cooperation : lepers & pirates -- Punishment : Drop City & the utopian communes -- Justice : 1850's San Francisco & the California gold rush -- Injustice : the Attica uprising & the Batavia shipwreck -- Survival : the Inuits of King William Land & the mutineers on Pitcairn Island -- Subversion : hellships & prison camps -- Credibility : America's prohibition -- Excess : committing (...) felony murder while asleep in bed & life in prison for an air-conditioning fraud -- Failure : getting away with murder beyond a reasonable doubt -- Collapse : Escobar's Colombia -- Taking justice seriously five proposals -- Epilogue : what are they doing now? (shrink)
- Philosophy and religious education: A reply to D. Z. Phillips.Paul H. Hirst -1970 -British Journal of Educational Studies 18 (2):213-215.
- Truth and tension in science and religion. By Varadaraja V. Raman.Paul H. Carr -2010 -Zygon 45 (2):527-528.
- The Idea of God in Elizabethan Medicine.Paul H. Kocher -1950 -Journal of the History of Ideas 11 (1):3.
- Beauty in Science and Spirit.Paul H. Carr -2006 - Beech River Books.Introduction Origin of this book The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science. ...
- The recovery of ethics.Paul H. Nitze -1960 - [New York]: Church Peace Union.Export citation Bookmark
- Church mothers of Mbare Township: In memory of Mrs Elizabeth Maria Ayema and Sr Barbara Tredgold.Paul H. Gundani -2019 -HTS Theological Studies 75 (1).No categories
- Christian & secular education.Paul H. Hirst -1965 -Hibbert Journal 63 (49):53.Export citation Bookmark
- Officers of the Institute.Paul H. Hirst -1969 -Philosophy 44:264.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Objectivist Versus Subjectivist Views of Criminality: A Study in the Role of Social Science in Criminal Law Theory.Paul H. Robinson &John M. Darley -1998 -Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 18 (3):409-447.The authors use social science methodology to determine whether a doctrinal shift—from an objectivist view of criminality in the common law to a subjectivist view in modem criminal codes—is consistent with lay intuitions of the principles of justice. Commentators have suggested that lay perceptions of criminality have shifted in a way reflected in the doctrinal change, but the study results suggest a more nuanced conclusion: that the modern lay view agrees with the subjectivist view of modern codes in defining the (...) minimum requirements of criminality, but prefers the common law's objectivist view of grading the punishment deserved. The authors argue that there is practical value in having criminal law track shared community intuitions of the proper rules for assigning liability and punishment. For that reason, the study results support the often criticized subjectivist view of modern codes in setting the minimum requirements of liability, but disapprove of the modern codes' shift away from the common law's objectivist view of grading. (shrink)
- Huddle Gets It Right, Most Docs Don't.Paul H. Rubin -2010 -American Journal of Bioethics 10 (1):17-19.
- Theologies completing naturalism's limitations.Paul H. Carr -2021 -Zygon 56 (4):1039-1044.Zygon®, Volume 56, Issue 4, Page 1039-1044, December 2021.
- Analysis of detour behavior: IV. Congruent and incongruent detour behavior in cats.Paul H. Schiller -1950 -Journal of Experimental Psychology 40 (2):217.No categories
- Commerce and Genetic Diagnostics.Paul H. Silverman -1995 -Hastings Center Report 25 (3):15-18.
- Book Reviews Section 2.Paul H. Mattingly,Paul C. Violas,Joseph N. Rathnau,Philip Reed Rulon,Robert Gallacher,Michael B. Campbell,Clara P. Mcmahon,Gerald L. Caplan,Arthur Brown,Nathaniel L. Champlin,Carlton H. Bowyer &William A. Proefriedt -1972 -Educational Studies 3 (3):155-163.No categories
- Natural Law & Lawlessness: Modern Lessons from Pirates, Lepers, Eskimos, and Survivors.Paul H. Robinson -unknownThe natural experiments of history present an opportunity to test Hobbes' view of government and law as the wellspring of social order. Groups have found themselves in a wide variety of situations in which no governmental law existed, from shipwrecks to gold mining camps to failed states. Yet the wide variety of situations show common patterns among the groups in their responses to their often difficult circumstances. Rather than survival of the fittest, a more common reaction is social cooperation and (...) a commitment to fairness and justice, although both can be subverted in certain predictable ways. The absent-law situations also illustrate the dependence of social order and cooperation on a group's commitment to justice. The insights from the absent-law situations have implication for several modern criminal justice issues, including the appropriate distributive principle for criminal liability and punishment, restorative justice programs, the movement to promote non-incarcerative sanctions, transitional justice and truth commissions, the use-of-force rules under international law, the procedures for fairness in criminal adjudication, and crime-control policies in fighting organized crime and terrorism. (shrink)
- Hierarchy.Paul H. Rubin -2000 -Human Nature 11 (3):259-279.Dominance hierarchies (sometimes called “pecking orders”) are virtually universal in social species, including humans. In most species and in ancestral and early human societies, these hierarchies allocate scarce resources, including food and often access to females. Humans sometimes use hierarchies for these allocational purposes, but humans use hierarchies for productive purposes as well—as in firms, universities, and governments. Productive hierarchies and dominance hierarchies share many features. As a result, people, including students of human behavior, often confuse types of hierarchies. For (...) example, the Communist Manifesto attributes features to productive hierarchies that are actually characteristic of dominance hierarchies. Government hierarchies are particularly confusing, as they have many features of both types. In modern societies with socially mandated monogamy and voluntary attachment to hierarchies in the form of competitive labor markets, productive hierarchies are generally useful for all members, and it is important not to confuse the two types, either in policy or in scientific analysis. (shrink)No categories
- Is a General Program of Social Insurance Desirable?Paul H. Douglas -1934 -International Journal of Ethics 45 (3):317.
- Pirates, prisoners, and lepers: lessons from life outside the law.Paul H. Robinson -2015 - [Lincoln, Nebraska]: Potomac Books, an imprint of the University of Nebraska Press. Edited by Sarah M. Robinson.It has long been held that humans need government to impose social order on a chaotic, dangerous world. How, then, did early humans survive on the Serengeti Plain, surrounded by faster, stronger, and bigger predators in a harsh and forbidding environment? Pirates, Prisoners, and Lepers examines an array of natural experiments and accidents of human history to explore the fundamental nature of how human beings act when beyond the scope of the law. Pirates of the 1700s, the leper colony on (...) Molokai Island, prisoners of the Nazis, hippie communes of the 1970s, shipwreck and plane crash survivors, and many more diverse groups--all existed in the absence of formal rules, punishments, and hierarchies.Paul and Sarah Robinson draw on these real-life stories to suggest that humans are predisposed to be cooperative within limits. What these "communities" did and how they managed have dramatic implications for shaping our modern institutions. Should today's criminal justice system build on people's shared intuitions about justice? Or are we better off acknowledging this aspect of human nature but using law to temper it? Knowing the true nature of our human character and our innate ideas about justice offers a roadmap to a better society. (shrink)
- Metaphorical Accounting: How Framing the Federal Budget Like a Household's Affects Voting Intentions.Paul H. Thibodeau &Stephen J. Flusberg -2017 -Cognitive Science 41 (S5):1168-1182.Political discourse is saturated with metaphor, but evidence for the persuasive power of this language has been hard to come by. We addressed this issue by investigating whether voting intentions were affected by implicit mappings suggested by a metaphorically framed message, drawing on a real-world example of political rhetoric about the federal budget. In the first experiment, the federal budget was framed as similar to or different from a household budget, though the information participants received was identical in both conditions. (...) When the federal budget was described as similar to a household's, people considered the personal finances of a presidential candidate more relevant—a finding we replicated in a larger, pre-registered study. In a follow-up experiment, we presented participants with a more explicit rhetorical argument and found a similar effect, moderated by political affiliation. These studies illuminate how metaphorical comparison affects cognition for important real-world issues, sometimes in unintended ways. (shrink)
- The Moral Instruction of Children.Felix Adler.Paul H. Hanus -1893 -International Journal of Ethics 3 (2):251-254.
- No Title available: REVIEWS.Paul H. Hirst -1969 -Religious Studies 4 (2):325-327.
- Reply to George S. Maccia.Paul H. Hirst -1968 -Studies in Philosophy and Education 6 (1):62.Export citation Bookmark
- Prohibited Risks and Culpable Disregard or Inattentiveness: Challenge and Confusion in the Formulation of Risk-Creation Offenses.Paul H. Robinson -2003 -Theoretical Inquiries in Law 4 (1).Because they track the Model Penal Code, current criminal law formulations of risk offenses typically fail to distinguish the rule of conduct question—What risks does the criminal law prohibit?—from the adjudication question — When is a particular violator’s conscious disregard of, or his inattentiveness to, a risk in a particular situation sufficiently condemnable to deserve criminal liability? Instead, the formulations address only the second question — through their definition of reckless and negligent culpability — and fail to provide a rule (...) of conduct provision to define a prohibited risk. This reliance upon culpability definitions as the core of risk-creation offense definitions is problematic because it fails to announce a useable conduct rule that describes those risks the law prohibits. Instead, this approach subjectivizes the definition of prohibited risks. What may be held "reckless" or "negligent" for one person may not be "reckless" or "negligent" for another person in the identical situation — an effect that strips case adjudications of their value in educating the community as to risks that the rules of conduct prohibit. Current risk-creation offenses also are problematic because they make results — including the creation of a prohibited risk — irrelevant to criminal liability. While this is consistent with the Model Code’s view that resulting harm is insignificant, that only culpable state of mind ought to affect liability, it is inconsistent with the view of most state code drafters. Thus, while the Model Code grades offenses without regard to whether a prohibited risk in fact is created, most state codes logically would want to grade lower in the absence of a prohibited risk. These two fundamental problems—the failure to distinguish conduct rules and adjudication rules and the confusion over the significance of results — are related. The Model Penal Code’s general failure to distinguish conduct and adjudication rules made it less likely that state code drafters would notice what they would have seen as the Code’s inappropriate subjectivization of risk and risk offenses. If the Model Code had systematically segregated conduct and adjudication rules, it would have been more obvious to state code drafters that the Code’s formulation of risk-creation offenses was one that they could not accept. (shrink)No categories
- Catalan lawyers and the origins of serfdom.Paul H. Freedman -1986 -Mediaeval Studies 48 (1):288-314.
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
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Howard Sankey
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Jussi Suikkanen
Aness Kim Webster
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