¿Por qué leer el Fedro como un diálogo político? Sócrates contra los legisladores.NemrodCarrasco -2011 -Daimon: Revista Internacional de Filosofía 54:77-92.detailsEl problema central del Fedro, el de la belleza de la escritura filosófica, es profundamente político. Está relacionado con el centro del diálogo, donde Sócrates se opone a la falsa belleza de los legisladores. Sobre esta oposición, es posible articular una nueva lectura del Fedro que deje atrás la suposición de que la belleza es el tema central del diálogo, así como la interpretación del mito final como la crítica platónica a cualquier tipo de escritura. El Fedro sólo condena la (...) escritura cuando hace lo que hace la ley, que no es dialéctica y es incapaz de ajustarse a la naturaleza del alma de su destinatario. (shrink)
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Seamos realistas: Lo que queda de Mayo del 68.NemrodCarrasco -2009 -Astrolabio 8:33-48.detailsCuarenta años después, la elección que enfrentamos a propósito del mayo del 68 plantea de nuevo la alternativa entre hacer una lectura moderna o una posmoderna. La ruptura crucial que representa la lectura posmoderna consiste en rechazar la dimensión política del mayo del 68: para autores como Lipovetsky o Vallespín, la retórica antijerárquica del 68 era un pasaje necesario para que el nuevo espíritu del capital pudiera revolverse exitosamente contra las organizaciones sociales opresivas del capitalismo corporativo. De modo que sin (...) la mediación del 68 habría sido imposible la realización del sistema capitalista como proyecto consecuente. En cambio, sostenemos que el 68 permaneció fiel al antiguo procedimiento dialéctico de concentrarse en el lugar donde ese proyecto se malograba como único modo de llegar a la verdad del sistema capitalista. Esto es lo que el 68 vendría a expresar con la fórmula: "Seamos realistas, pidamos lo imposible".[. (shrink)
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Sócrates y Trasímaco: amigos en el Hades.NemrodCarrasco -2012 -Astrolabio 13:91-99.detailsEn el centro de La república, Sócrates expresa su disgusto de que Glaucón trate de enemistarlo con Trasímaco cuando existe entre ambos una relación de amistad (498c9- d4). Más allá de la ironía socrática, lo cierto es que la amistad de sus lógoi está basada en un doble acuerdo: 1) La justicia exige el conocimiento de lo útil o bueno (339d5-9); 2) El gobernante inteligente no está dispuesto a beneficiar a la ciudad si no se beneficia de algún modo a (...) sí mismo (347d6-8). El propósito de la comunicación es aclarar el sentido de esta doble homología en la que intersectan y divergen las posiciones de Trasímaco y de Sócrates. (shrink)
Eliciting empathetic drives to prosocial behavior during stressful events.Nicola Grignoli,Chiara Filipponi &Serena Petrocchi -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13:963544.detailsIn the current pandemic situation, psychological science is increasingly considered by public health policy. Empathy is mainly recognized as a crucial drive for prosocial behavior. However, this rich body of evidence still lacks visibility and implementation. Effective social programs are needed, and little is known about how to elicit empathetic drives. The paper gives first a clear foundation to the role of empathy during stressful events. It provides then a comprehensive overview of innovative interventions triggering empathic response in the public (...) such as fiction, film, and theater. Moreover, it integrates interactive ways of sharing personal views that could elicit empathetic feelings in different people. Advances deriving from this perspective could be of significant public interest in the current and future health crises and help authorities develop innovative social programs, which should be the focus of further scientific inquiry. (shrink)
Teledildonics and Digital Intimacy.Nicola Liberati -2017 -Glimpse 18:103-110.detailsComputer technologies are riding a golden trend in terms of innovation. New computer devices are emerging and they directly aim to extend the subject’s living body beyond the natural limits of its mere flesh. Some of these devices can be used to recreate perceptual organs in other places of the world. Of special interest are teledildonic devices, remotely controlled dildos, which provide tactual sensations that simulate part of a subject’s body as being relocated in another place, enabling a subject to (...) “connect” and to “play” with a second subject as if they were actually in the same place at the same time; in other words, to engage in remote sexual activity. Thanks to internet connectivity, it is now possible to have control of the actions of a distant dildo and to have, at the same time, tactual and visual feedback by way of sensors and 360-degree cameras mounted on the device. This technology has the potential to re-shape our living body and, in so doing, re-shape our affections as well as our perception of the world. Phenomenological and post-phenomenological analysis makes it possible to study the social, psychological, and phenomenological effects of such technologies. (shrink)
Volitional causality vs natural causality: reflections on their compatibility in Husserl’s phenomenology of action.Nicola Spano -2022 -Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 21 (3):669-687.detailsIn the present article, I introduce Husserl’s analyses of ‘natural causality’ and ‘volitional causality’, which are collected in the volume ‘Wille und Handlung’ of the Husserliana edition Studien zur Struktur des Bewußtseins. My aim is to show that Husserl’s insight into these phenomena enables us to understand more clearly both the specificity of, and the relation between, the motivational nexus belonging to the sphere of the will in contrast with the causal laws of nature. In light of this understanding, in (...) the last part of the article I reflect on whether and to what extent there is, in fact, an ontological and epistemological compatibility between volitional causality and natural causality. (shrink)
Erkenntnis und Leben als sinnerzeugender Verklärungsprozess: Über dichtende Vernunft, Kunst und Perspektivismus bei Nietzsche.Nicola Nicodemo -2016 -Nietzscheforschung 23 (1):245-270.detailsName der Zeitschrift: Nietzscheforschung Jahrgang: 23 Heft: 1 Seiten: 245-270.
Husserlian Essentialism.Nicola Spinelli -2021 -Husserl Studies 37 (2):147-168.detailsHusserl’s official account of essence is modal. It is also, I submit, incompatible with the role that essence is supposed to play, especially relative to necessity, in his overall philosophy. In the Husserlian framework, essence should rather be treated as a non-modal notion. The point, while not generally acknowledged, has been made before (by Kevin Mulligan for one); yet the arguments given for it, though perhaps sound, are not Husserlian. In this paper I present a thoroughly Husserlian argument for that (...) claim, as well as a Husserlian essentialist account of necessity. I also discuss the role of grounding within the account. (shrink)
Digital Intimacy in China and Japan.Nicola Liberati -2023 -Human Studies 46 (3):389-403.detailsThis paper aims to show a possible path to address the introduction of intimate digital technologies through a phenomenological and postphenomenological perspective in relation to Japanese and Chinese contexts. Digital technologies are becoming intimate, and, in Japan and China, there are already many advanced digital technologies that provide digital companions for love relationships. Phenomenology has extensive research on how love relationships and intimacy shape the subjects. At the same time, postphenomenology provides a sound framework on how technologies shape the values (...) and meanings we have. Thus, this paper introduces two digital technologies in Japan and China (_Love Plus_ and _XiaoIce_ chatbot), and it analyses according to the elements proposed by phenomenology and postphenomenology. In conclusion, this paper shows how digital companions like _Love Plus_ and _XiaoIce_ chatbot change who we are and the values and meanings we have according to the phenomenological and postphenomenological framework. These entities might not be human, but they shape who we are as human beings and the meanings and value we give to love. (shrink)
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Teledildonics and New Ways of “Being in Touch”: A Phenomenological Analysis of the Use of Haptic Devices for Intimate Relations.Nicola Liberati -2017 -Science and Engineering Ethics 23 (3):801-823.detailsThe aim of this paper is to analyse teledildonics from a phenomenological perspective in order to show the possible effects they will have on ourselves and on our society. The new way of using digital technologies is to merge digital activities with our everyday praxes, and there are already devices which enable subjects to be digitally connected in every moment of their lives. Even the most intimate ones are becoming mediated by devices such as teledildonics which digitally provide a tactual (...) stimulation allowing users to have sexual intercourse through them. The efforts made in order to provide such an intertwinement of our everyday lives and digital technologies are evident, but the effects produced by them are not clear at all. This paper will analyse these technologies from a phenomenological perspective in order to understand their effects on the constitution of the subjects and on our society at the intimate level. (shrink)
Emotions and Digital Technologies.Nicola Liberati -2019 -Humana Mente 12 (36).detailsDigital technologies are pervasively used, and they are becoming part of our everyday actions by being designed to be connected to every aspect of our private life like emotions. However, it is not very clear how they are going to change who we are through their tight intertwinement. Especially in relation to emotions, it is not clear at all what happens when they become digitalized and visualized through these digital devices. Usually, the research focusses on the effect on the privacy (...) of the intrusion of digital devices in our lives as if this process of digitalization leaves the meanings human beings give to their emotions untouched. This article does not focus on the privacy related to the personal information captured by the devices, but it aims to open an analysis of the effects of this digitalization on the emotions in order to highlight the fact the introduction of these digital technologies change what emotions are. (shrink)
From Coding To Curing. Functions, Implementations, and Correctness in Deep Learning.Nicola Angius &Alessio Plebe -2023 -Philosophy and Technology 36 (3):1-27.detailsThis paper sheds light on the shift that is taking place from the practice of ‘coding’, namely developing programs as conventional in the software community, to the practice of ‘curing’, an activity that has emerged in the last few years in Deep Learning (DL) and that amounts to curing the data regime to which a DL model is exposed during training. Initially, the curing paradigm is illustrated by means of a study-case on autonomous vehicles. Subsequently, the shift from coding to (...) curing is analysed taking into consideration the epistemological notions, central in the philosophy of computer science, of function, implementation, and correctness. First, it is illustrated how, in the curing paradigm, the functions performed by the trained model depend much more on dataset curation rather than on the model algorithms which, in contrast with the coding paradigm, do not comply with requested specifications. Second, it is highlighted how DL models cannot be considered implementations according to any of the available definitions of implementation that follow an intentional theory of functions. Finally, it is argued that DL models cannot be evaluated in terms of their correctness but rather in their experimental computational validity. (shrink)
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BFO and DOLCE: So Far, So Close….Nicola Guarino -2017 -Cosmos + Taxis 4 (4):10-18.detailsA survey of the similarities and differences between BFO and DOLCE, and of the mutual interactions betweenNicola Guarino and Barry Smith.
Is self-identity essential to objects?Nicola Spinelli -2019 -Synthese (2):1-17.detailsA common view is that self-identity is essential to objects if anything is. Itself a substantive metaphysical view, this is a position of some import in wider debates, particularly in connection with such problems as physicalism and personal identity. In this article I challenge the view. I distinguish between two accounts of essence, the modal and the definitional, and argue that self-identity is essential to objects on the former but not on the latter. After laying out my case, I deal (...) with a number of objections. (shrink)
Heyting-valued interpretations for Constructive Set Theory.Nicola Gambino -2006 -Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 137 (1-3):164-188.detailsWe define and investigate Heyting-valued interpretations for Constructive Zermelo–Frankel set theory . These interpretations provide models for CZF that are analogous to Boolean-valued models for ZF and to Heyting-valued models for IZF. Heyting-valued interpretations are defined here using set-generated frames and formal topologies. As applications of Heyting-valued interpretations, we present a relative consistency result and an independence proof.
Aristotle’s Embryology and Ackrill’s Problem.Nicola Carraro -2017 -Phronesis 62 (3):274-304.detailsAckrill’s Problem is a tension between Aristotle’s alleged view that the matter of a living being is a body that is essentially ensouled, and his view that the matter of a substance preexists its generation. Most interpreters solve the tension by claiming that the subject of substantial generation is not the organic body of the living being, but its non-organic matter. I defend a different solution by showing that the embryological theory ofOn the Generation of Animalsimplies that the organic body (...) of a living being already exists before acquiring the soul in actuality. (shrink)
Why Standing to Blame May Be Lost but Authority to Hold Accountable Retained: Criminal Law as a Regulative Public Institution.Nicola Lacey &Hanna Pickard -2021 -The Monist 104 (2):265-280.detailsMoral and legal philosophy are too entangled: moral philosophy is prone to model interpersonal moral relationships on a juridical image, and legal philosophy often proceeds as if the criminal law is an institutional reflection of juridically imagined interpersonal moral relationships. This article challenges this alignment and in so doing argues that the function of the criminal law lies not fundamentally in moral blame, but in regulation of harmful conduct. The upshot is that, in contrast to interpersonal relationships, the criminal law (...) cannot lose its standing to blame through institutional analogues of hypocrisy, complicity, and meddling. Rather, certain forms of structural and severe historical and contemporary injustice point to the question of the overall legitimacy of state authority. (shrink)
Central Themes and Open Questions in the Philosophy of Computer Science.Nicola Angius &John Symons -2023 -Global Philosophy 33 (6):1-14.detailsThis paper introduces the _Global Philosophy_ symposium on Giuseppe Primiero’s book _On the Foundations of Computing_ (2020). The collection gathers commentaries and responses of the author with the aim of engaging with some open questions in the philosophy of computer science. Firstly, this paper introduces the central themes addressed in Primiero’s book; secondly, it highlights some of the main critiques from commentators in order to, finally, pinpoint some conceptual challenges indicating future directions for the philosophy of computer science.
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Public affairs management activities of German multinational corporations in india.Nicola Berg &Dirk Holtbrügge -2001 -Journal of Business Ethics 30 (1):105-119.detailsIn this paper the importance of public affairs management in multinational corporations in India will be examined. After briefly discussing the state of the art in international business and society literature, a conceptual framework for public affairs management in multinational corporations will be developed. This framework serves as the theoretical basis for an empirical study among German multinational corporations in India. In the main part of this paper the results of this study will be presented and discussed. The paper ends (...) with a critical assessment and some major implications for future studies. (shrink)