Music in Antiquity: TheNearEast and the Mediterranean. Edited by Joan Goodnick Westenholz; Yossi Maurey; and Edwin Seroussi.Ricardo Eichmann -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 138 (1).detailsMusic in Antiquity: TheNearEast and the Mediterranean. Edited by Joan Goodnick Westenholz; Yossi Maurey; and Edwin Seroussi. Yuval, Studies of the Jewish Music Research Center, vol. 8. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter Oldenburg, 2014. Pp. xi + 375, illus. €112.10.
Prophecy in the AncientNearEast: A Philological and Sociological Comparison. By Jonathan Stökl.Daniel Snell -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 135 (3).detailsProphecy in the AncientNearEast: A Philological and Sociological Comparison. By Jonathan Stökl. Culture and History of the AncientNearEast, vol. 56. Leiden: Brill, 2012. Pp. xvi + 297. $151.
Beyond writing: The development of literacy in the AncientNearEast.Karenleigh Overmann -2016 -Cambridge Archaeological Journal 2 (26):285–303.detailsPrevious discussions of the origins of writing in the AncientNearEast have not incorporated the neuroscience of literacy, which suggests that when southern Mesopotamians wrote marks on clay in the late-fourth millennium, they inadvertently reorganized their neural activity, a factor in manipulating the writing system to reflect language, yielding literacy through a combination of neurofunctional change and increased script fidelity to language. Such a development appears to take place only with a sufficient demand for writing and reading, (...) such as that posed by a state-level bureaucracy; the use of a material with suitable characteristics; and the production of marks that are conventionalized, handwritten, simple, and non-numerical. From the perspective of Material Engagement Theory, writing and reading represent the interactivity of bodies, materiality, and brains: movements of hands, arms, and eyes; clay and the implements used to mark it and form characters; and vision, motor planning, object recognition, and language. Literacy is a cognitive change that emerges from and depends upon the nexus of interactivity of the components. (shrink)
Women in the AncientNearEast: A Sourcebook. Edited by Mark W. Chavalas.Stephanie Lynn Budin -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 137 (1).detailsWomen in the AncientNearEast: A Sourcebook. Edited by Mark W. Chavalas. Routledge Sourcebooks for the Ancient World. London: Routledge, 2014. Pp. xii + 319. $43.95.
Weather, agriculture, and religion in the ancientneareast and in the old testament.Aurelian Botica -2013 -Perichoresis 11 (1):97-124.detailsThe purpose of this paper is to examine those areas of agricultural and religious life that intersected with each and influenced the way people thought of God. We will start with the premise that in the AncientNearEast religion was intrinsically connected to agriculture and fertility, though not entirely defined by them. It is also plausible that people shared a concept of God that at times was shaped by their interaction with natural phenomena like rain, drought, storms, (...) flooding, and animal and crop plagues. In this sense, scholars have noted the connection between “fertility” and religious life, even though some remain caution of pushing this connection too far. To evaluate the strength of this idea we will examine a number of cultic texts that appear to have presumed the link between weather, agriculture and religion. In particular, we will focus on references to weather/ storm/ fertility gods. In the later part of our study, we will ask to what extent Biblical men and women were influenced by AncientNear Eastern religious thought. We will also explore the concept of the link between agriculture, weather and religion in Greek religious texts. (shrink)
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Visualizing Emotions in the AncientNearEast. Edited by Sara Kipfer.Alhena Gadotti -2022 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 141 (1).detailsVisualizing Emotions in the AncientNearEast. Edited by Sara Kipfer. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis, vol. 285. Fribourg: Academic Press, 2017. Pp. viii + 293, illus.
Josephus’ Nabataeans: a vision of Roman power in theNearEast.Anna Accettola -2020 -Journal of Ancient History 8 (2):256-280.detailsNabataean history is significantly overlooked in the works of ancient historians. Josephus is an exception to this, as he includes several important events from Nabataean history in De Bello Judaico and Antiquitates Judaicae. However, his retelling of these events differs between the two works. In this paper, I argue that Josephus became more “pro-Roman” over time and eventually overshadowed an accurate portrayal of Nabataean history in his later narrative. He undermined moments of tension between Rome and Nabataea in order to (...) showcase Roman power in theNearEast, even beyond reality. In support of this argument, I analyze the Nabataean sections of Josephus’ works, as each passage has overlapping details, but significantly different emphasis, characterization, and perspective through variations in terminology, imagery, and tone. Though problematic, Josephus has preserved a unique look into Roman-Nabataean relations in the two centuries prior to the incorporation of Nabataea into the Empire. (shrink)
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Cosmopolitanism and empire: universal rulers, local elites, and cultural integration in the ancientNearEast and Mediterranean.Myles Lavan,Richard E. Payne &John Weisweiler (eds.) -2016 - New York, NY: Oxford University Press.detailsThe empires of the ancientNearEast and Mediterranean invented cosmopolitan politics. In the first millennia BCE and CE, a succession of territorially extensive states incorporated populations of unprecedented cultural diversity. Cosmopolitanism and Empire traces the development of cultural techniques through which empires managed difference in order to establish effective, enduring regimes of domination. It focuses on the relations of imperial elites with culturally distinct local elites, offering a comparative perspective on the varying depth and modalities of elite (...) integration in five empires of the ancientNearEast and Mediterranean. If cosmopolitanism has normally been studied apart from the imperial context, the essays gathered here show that theories and practices that enabled ruling elites to transcend cultural particularities were indispensable for the establishment and maintenance of trans-regional and trans-cultural political orders. As the first cosmopolitans, imperial elites regarded ruling over culturally disparate populations as their vocation, and their capacity to establish normative frameworks across cultural boundaries played a vital role in the consolidation of their power. Together with an introductory chapter which offers a theory and history of the relationship between empire and cosmopolitanism, the volume includes case studies of Assyrian, Seleukid, Ptolemaic, Roman, and Iranian empires that analyze encounters between ruling classes and their subordinates in the domains of language and literature, religion, and the social imaginary. The contributions combine to illustrate the dilemmas of difference that imperial elites confronted as well as their strategies for resolving the cultural contradictions that their regimes precipitated. (shrink)
Foreigners in the AncientNearEast.Gary Beckman -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 133 (2):203.detailsA survey of diverse aspects of the reception, attitudes toward, and activities of foreigners in the major cuneiform cultures of the third through first millennia B.C.E. While outsiders could play important roles in their new environments, they were generally soon assimilated into their host societies without effecting significant changes in them. Only toward the close of this period did the arrival of large groups of invaders convinced of the superiority of their own cultures, such as Persians and Greco-Macedonians, radically alter (...) the age-old civilizations of Mesopotamia, Syria, and Anatolia. (shrink)
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War and Ethics in the AncientNearEast: Military Violence in Light of Cosmology and History.C. L. Crouch -2009 - Walter de Gruyter.detailsThe monograph considers the relationships of ethical systems in the ancientNearEast through a study of warfare in Judah, Israel and Assyria in the eighth and seventh centuries BCE. It argues that a common cosmological and ideological outlook generated similarities in ethical thinking. In all three societies, the mythological traditions surrounding creation reflect a strong connection between war, kingship and the establishment of order. Human kings’ military activities are legitimated through their identification with this cosmic struggle against (...) chaos, begun by the divine king at creation. Military violence is thereby cast not only as morally tolerable but as morally imperative. Deviations from this point of view reflect two phenomena: the preservation of variable social perspectives and the impact of historical changes on ethical thinking. The research begins the discussion of ancientNear Eastern ethics outside of Israel and Judah and fills a scholarly void by placing Israelite and Judahite ethics within this context, as well as contributing methodologically to future research in historical and comparative ethics. (shrink)
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Fishers of Fish and Fishers of Men: Fishing Imagery in the Hebrew Bible and the AncientNearEast. By Tyler R. Yoder.Christopher B. Hays -2022 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 140 (4).detailsFishers of Fish and Fishers of Men: Fishing Imagery in the Hebrew Bible and the AncientNearEast. By Tyler R. Yoder. Explorations in AncientNear Eastern Civilizations, vol. 4. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2016. Pp. xviii + 222, illus. $54.50.
“In Imitation of Hadrian:” memory and urban construction in the Late AntiqueNearEast.Walter D. Ward -2021 -Journal of Ancient History 9 (1):185-202.detailsAn inscription from Scythopolis (Beth Shean/beisan) commemorates the actions of a late fourth-century governor who “in imitation of Hadrian... rebuilt his own mother city.” This paper explores the memory of Hadrian in theNearEast. It begins by examining Hadrian’s actions in theNearEast, including the period prior to becoming emperor and his visit in 129/30 CE. It finishes with a discussion of Silvanus and Scythopolis and argues that Silvanus was responsible for repairing the odeum (...) in the city which was damaged in the 363 CE earthquake. The inscription implies that there was strong memory of Hadrian as a builder in the late antiqueNearEast. (shrink)
On the Characteristic of Temple Complexes in theNearEast in the 4th–3rd Millennia BC.Liudmila I. Avilova -2012 -Asian Culture and History 4 (2):p3.detailsInvestigation of metal is important for understanding relationship between production and ideology in ancientNearEast. Metal production in the Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age stimulated transformation of egalitarian society into stratified one. The author traces relation of objects of social and religious significance (interior decorations, anthropo- and zoomorphic sculpture, symbolic weapons and implements) with certain types of sites. From the Neolithic onward metal was used in mortuary practice. In the Early Bronze Age metal production shows relationship with (...) the process of urbanization and formation of early polities. The Middle Bronze Age sees dramatic rise of metal production; valuable and symbolically important finds originate from royal tombs, temples, and treasures. When considering metal finds’ context, the author concludes that in theNearEast in the late prehistory, urban civilization, and early states metal actively functioned in sacral sphere. Moreover, ideology to a great extent determined development of metal production. (shrink)
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(Re-)Constructing Funerary Rituals in the AncientNearEast. Proceedings of the First International Symposium of the Tübingen Post-Graduate School “Symbols of the Dead” in May 2009. Edited by Peter Pfälzner; Herbert Niehr; Ernst Pernicka; and Anne Wissi.Gary Beckman -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 136 (2):473.detailsConstructing Funerary Rituals in the AncientNearEast. Proceedings of the First International Symposium of the Tübingen Post-Graduate School “Symbols of the Dead” in May 2009. Edited by Peter Pfälzner; Herbert Niehr; Ernst Pernicka; and Anne Wissing. Qaṭna Studien Supplementa, vol. 1. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2012. Pp. ix + 312, illus. €92.
Archaeology, Artifacts and Antiquities of the AncientNearEast. By Oscar White Muscarella.Lynn Roller -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 137 (1).detailsArchaeology, Artifacts and Antiquities of the AncientNearEast. By Oscar White Muscarella. Culture and History of the AncientNearEast, vol. 62. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Pp. vi + 1088. $292.
Splintered Divine: A Study of Ištar, Baal, and Yahweh Divine Names and Divine Multiplicity in the AncientNearEast. By Spencer L. Allen.Elizabeth Knott -2022 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 139 (3).detailsThe Splintered Divine: A Study of Ištar, Baal, and Yahweh Divine Names and Divine Multiplicity in the AncientNearEast. By Spencer L. Allen. Studies in AncientNear Eastern Records, vol. 5. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2015. Pp. xxi + 457. €102.76.
Predicting the Past in the AncientNearEast: Mantic Historiography in Ancient Mesopotamia, Judah, and the Mediterranean World. By Matthew Neujahr.Tremper Longman -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 135 (3).detailsPredicting the Past in the AncientNearEast: Mantic Historiography in Ancient Mesopotamia, Judah, and the Mediterranean World. By Matthew Neujahr. Brown Judaic Studies, vol. 354. Providence: Brown Judaic Studies, 2012. Pp. xv + 300. $64.95. [Distributed by Society of Biblical Literature].
Religion and Politics in the Making of AmericanNearEast Policy, 1918-1922.Recep Boztemur -2005 -Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies 4 (11):45-59.detailsThis study deals basically with the combination of religion and politics in American foreign policy in theNearEast in the immediate aftermath of the First World War. The diplomatic activities regarding the protection of American religious, educational, philanthropic institutions, the safety of American interests and missionary activities and the safeguarding of a future for the Ottoman Armenians are examined in two parts: the first dealing with the spread of Protestant missionary activities in the Ottoman Empire, and the (...) second, coping with the US political struggle for protecting American political, religious and commercial interests during the Paris Peace Conference through an analysis of diplomatic correspondence in the US archives. (shrink)
Old Assyrian Legal Practices: Law and Dispute in the AncientNearEast. By Thomas Klitgaard Hertel.J. J. De Ridder -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 137 (2).detailsOld Assyrian Legal Practices: Law and Dispute in the AncientNearEast. By Thomas Klitgaard Hertel. PIHANS, vol. 123. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, 2013. Pp. xlii + 479. €84.80.
The House of the Father as Fact and Symbol: Patrimonialism in Ugarit and the AncientNearEast.J. David Schloen (ed.) -2001 - Brill.detailsThe first two volumes on patrimonialism in Ugarit and the ancientNearEast, this book opens with a lengthy introduction on the interpretation of social action and households in the ancient world.
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The idea of history in the ancientNearEast.Robert C. Dentan -1955 - New Haven,: Yale University Press. Edited by Roland Herbert Bainton.detailsAncient Egypt, by L. Bull.--Ancient Mesopotamia, by E.A. Speiser.--Ancient Persia, by G.G. Cameron,--Ancient Israel, by M. Burrows.--The Hellenistic Orient, by C.B. Welles.--Earliest Christianity, by E. Dinkler.--Patristic Christianity, by R.H. Bainton.--Early Islam, by J. Obermann.--The twentieth-century West and the ancientNearEast, by P. Schubert.
History and Identity in the Late AntiqueNearEast. Edited by Philip Wood.Raymond Van Dam -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 137 (1).detailsHistory and Identity in the Late AntiqueNearEast. Edited by Philip Wood. Oxford Studies in Late Antiquity. Oxford: Oxoford University Press, 2013. Pp. xxiii + 237, map. $82.
Narratives of Egypt and the AncientNearEast: Literary and Linguistic Approaches. Edited by Fredrik Hagen; John Johnston; Wendy Monkhouse; Kathryn Piquette; John Tait; and Martin Worthington.Susan Tower Hollis -2021 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 134 (1).detailsNarratives of Egypt and the AncientNearEast: Literary and Linguistic Approaches. Edited by Fredrik Hagen; John Johnston; Wendy Monkhouse; Kathryn Piquette; John Tait; and Martin Worthington. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta, vol. 189. Louvain: Peeters, 2011. Pp. xxxvi + 558. €89.
Theory and Practice of Knowledge Transfer: Studies in School Education in the AncientNearEast and Beyond. Edited by W. S. van Egmond and W. H. van Soldt. [REVIEW]Eva van Dassow -2022 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 138 (3).detailsTheory and Practice of Knowledge Transfer: Studies in School Education in the AncientNearEast and Beyond. Edited by W. S. van Egmond and W. H. van Soldt. Publications de l’Institut histo- rique-archéologique néerlandais de Stamboul, vol. 121. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het NabiJe Oosten, 2012. Pp. 111 + 152. €36.04.