Noncontextuality with marginal selectivity in reconstructing mental architectures.Ru Zhang &Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6:146136.detailsWe present a general theory of series-parallel mental architectures with selectively influenced stochastically non-independent components. A mental architecture is a hypothetical network of processes aimed at performing a task, of which we only observe the overall time it takes under variable parameters of the task. It is usually assumed that the network contains several processes selectively influenced by different experimental factors, and then the question is asked as to how these processes are arranged within the network, e.g., whether they are (...) concurrent or sequential. One way of doing this is to consider the distribution functions for the overall processing time and compute certain linear combinations thereof (interaction contrasts). The theory of selective influences in psychology can be viewed as a special application of the interdisciplinary theory of (non)contextuality having its origins and main applications in quantum theory. In particular, lack of contextuality is equivalent to the existence of a “hidden” random entity of which all the random variables in play are functions. Consequently, for any given value of this common random entity, the processing times and their compositions (minima, maxima, or sums) become deterministic quantities. These quantities, in turn, can be treated as random variables with (shifted) Heaviside distribution functions, for which one can easily compute various linear combinations across different treatments, including interaction contrasts. This mathematical fact leads to a simple method, more general than the previously used ones, to investigate and characterize the interaction contrast for different types of series-parallel architectures. (shrink)
Novye Cherty i Rezy: vtoroĭ urok filosofskogo Pravopisanii︠a︡.A. N. Pavlenko -2022 - Sankt-Peterburg: Aleteĭi︠a︡.detailsPropisʹ sedʹmai︠a︡: ėtika drevnepravoslavnai︠a︡ -- Propisʹ vosʹmai︠a︡: lepota i nelepostʹ -- Propisʹ devi︠a︡tai︠a︡: i︠a︡zyk i kosnoi︠a︡zychie -- Propisʹ desi︠a︡tai︠a︡ : lepota i kosmos -- Propisʹ odinnadt︠s︡atai︠a︡: slovo i Rusʹ (vidimai︠a︡ i nevidimai︠a︡) -- Propisʹ dvenadt︠s︡atai︠a︡: mir i mnogomirie -- Vtoroe slovo o skazannom slove -- Svod osnovopolozheniĭ chertov i rezov -- Selected chapters of book in English.
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Nabli︠u︡denie za nabli︠u︡dai︠u︡shchim: theoria vs observatio: vosstanovlenie.A. N. Pavlenko -2022 - Sankt-Peterburg: Aleteĭi︠a︡.detailsRazdel pervyĭ. Nauka i filosofii︠a︡. Nauka i refleksii︠a︡ nad ee osnovanii︠a︡mi ; Filosofskie problemy kosmologii ; Filosofskie problemy tekhniki ; Ontologii i ėpistemologii -- Razdel vtoroĭ. Selected papers in English.
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Contextualism in philosophy of science.Vladimir N. Porus -2018 -Epistemology and Philosophy of Science 55 (2):75-93.detailsThe author discusses the possibility of spreading of the contextualism principles into the field of philosophy of science. He argues that, while discovering science in all of its aspects (viz. cultural, institutional, economic, communicative, etc.), philosophy of science identifies the relevant contexts for justifying the genesis, development, and reproduction of knowledge. Meanwhile, there is a complex interaction between philosophical and scientific analysis of these contexts. The author claims this process gives raise for a conflict which comes from the contextualization of (...) science and the philosophical analysis of these contexts. The author shows that the resolution of these conflict could open new prospects for the modern philosophy of science. (shrink)
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