Works by Mitchell Ash
31 found
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| Mitchell G. Ash [34] | Mitchell Ash [14] |
- Interdisciplinarity in Historical Perspective.Mitchell G. Ash -2019 -Perspectives on Science 27 (4):619-642.This paper sketches a historical account of interdisciplinarity. A central claim advanced is that the modern array of scientific and humanistic disciplines and interdisciplinarity emerged together; both are moving targets, which must therefore be studied historically in relation to one another as institutionalized practices. A second claim is that of a steadily increasing complexity; new fields emerged on the boundaries of existing disciplines beginning in the late nineteenth century, followed by multi- and transdisciplinary initiatives in the twentieth, and finally transdisciplinary (...) programmatic research in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The latter two phases in this development have been driven primarily by funding agencies seeking to move the sciences in particular directions deemed socially or politically desirable (in dictatorships as well as democracies), while the existing disciplines remained in place and new ones came into being. Such policy initiatives have transformed both disciplinarity and interdisciplinarity in unanticipated ways. The question whether multi- or transdisciplinary arrangements produce epistemically better science or scholarship appears not to have been raised, let alone examined, by the policy actors driving their creation. (shrink)
- The Independence of Research—A Review of Disciplinary Perspectives and Outline of Interdisciplinary Prospects.Jochen Gläser,Mitchell Ash,Guido Buenstorf,David Hopf,Lara Hubenschmid,Melike Janßen,Grit Laudel,Uwe Schimank,Marlene Stoll,Torsten Wilholt,Lothar Zechlin &Klaus Lieb -2022 -Minerva 60 (1):105-138.The independence of research is a key strategic issue of modern societies. Dealing with it appropriately poses legal, economic, political, social and cultural problems for society, which have been studied by the corresponding disciplines and are increasingly the subject of reflexive discourses of scientific communities. Unfortunately, problems of independence are usually framed in disciplinary contexts without due consideration of other perspectives’ relevance or possible contributions. To overcome these limitations, we review disciplinary perspectives and findings on the independence of research and (...) identify interdisciplinary prospects that could inform a research programme. (shrink)
- Historicizing Mind Science: Discourse, Practice, Subjectivity.Mitchell G. Ash -1992 -Science in Context 5 (2):193-207.It is no longer necessary to defend current historiography of psychology against the strictures aimed at its early text book incarnations in the 1960s and 1970s. At that time, Robert Young and others denigrated then standard textbook histories of psychology for their amateurism and their justifications propaganda for specific standpoints in current psychology, disguised as history. Since then, at least some textbooks writers and working historians of psychology have made such criticisms their own. The demand for textbook histories continues nonetheless. (...) Psychology, at least in the United States, remains the only discipline that makes historical representations of itself in the form of “history and systems” courses an official part of its pedagogical canon, required, interestingly enough, for the license in clinical practice.1In the meantime, the professionalization of scholarship in history of psychology has proceeded apace. All of the trends visible in historical and social studies of other sciences, as well as in general cultural and intellectual history, are noe present in the historical study of psychology. Yet despite the visibility and social importance of psychology's various applications, and the prominence of certain schools of psychological thought such as behaviorism and psychoanalysis in contemporary cultural and political debate, the historiography of psychology has continued to hold a marginal position in history and social studies of science. (shrink)
- Wissenschaftswandel in Zeiten politischer Umwälzungen: Entwicklungen, Verwicklungen, Abwicklungen.Mitchell G. Ash -1995 -NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 3 (1):1-21.Until recently, the development of the modern sciences has usually been described as a continuous unfolding of constantly expanding and differentiating research institutions on the one hand, and the accumulation of more and better knowledge on the other. The changes that have occurred both in scientific institutions and in the direction and content of research in the course of revolutions or comparable political changes pose significant challenges to such accounts. I would like to propose an interactive approach to this issue. (...) Instead of accepting a linear, deterministic model of scientific change as a result of political upheaval, I suggest that such political changes present an array of challenges to and possibilities for the interruption, redirection, reconstruction or effortful continuation of research. The central claim is that scientific development in times of political upheaval has proceeded in Germany primarily by means of increasing cooperation of scientists with the state, involving a process that I call the technologization of basic research. But this is not always a one-sided affair involving the subordination of science to practical politics or to ideology. Rather, I argue, what occurs is themobilization or reconstruction of physical, institutional, financial, cognitive and/or rhetorical resources. Such mobilizations can proceed in various directions: the state or agencies within it can mobilize scientists as resources in the interest of achieving certain political aims; scientists can convert themselves into such resources (or claim that they are doing so); or both things can happen at once. The approach is exemplified by examining continuities and changes in the situations of the sciences following the major turning points of 20th-century German history, symbolized by the dates 1918, 1933, 1945 and 1990. Considered in particular are: scientific changes in Germany following the Nazi takeover and creative innovations by émigré scientists working in different cultural settings; the massive transfer of scientific resources after Nazi Germany's defeat and attempts to carry on and reconstruct science in the two postwar German states; and the massive reorganization of scientific institutions in eastern Germany after unification. The examples come primarily from biology and experimental psychology, but physical sciences and particular branches of technology are considered as well. (shrink)
- Wissenschaftsgeschichte in der Geschichtswissenschaft.Mitchell G. Ash -2018 -Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 41 (4):329-332.History of Science in History. This position paper discusses the position of history of science within the field of history and presents arguments for maintaining and expanding that position in future.No categories
- Modernism, modernity, and politics in the general history of science: Implications of Herbert Mehrtens‘ work, from “Vienna 1900” to the Nazi era, and beyond.Mitchell G. Ash -2022 -Science in Context 35 (4):336-350.ArgumentHerbert Mehrtens‘ work and the implications of the historical ideas he advanced went beyond the history of any single discipline. The article therefore addresses three broad issues: (1) Mehrtens‘ reconceptualization of mathematical modernism, in his field-changing book Moderne—Sprache—Mathematik (1990) and other works, as an epistemic and cultural phenomenon in a way that could potentially reach across and also beyond the sciences and also link scientific and cultural modernisms; (2) the extension of his work to the history of modernity itself via (...) the concept of “technocratic modernism”; (3) his seminal contributions to the historiography of the sciences and technology during the National Socialist period, focusing on his critique of claims that mathematics, the natural sciences and technology were morally or politically “neutral” during or after the Nazi era, and on his counter-claim that mathematicians and other scientists had in fact mobilized themselves and their knowledge in support of Nazism’s central political projects. Taken as a guide for understanding science-politics relations in general, Mehrtens‘ work was and remains a counterweight to the political abstinence adopted by many who have followed the “cultural turn” in history of science and technology. In the broadest sense, the article is a plea for the culturally relevant and politically engaged historiography of the sciences and humanities that Mehrtens himself pursued. (shrink)No categories
- Psychology’s Territories: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives from Different Disciplines.Mitchell G. Ash &Thomas Sturm (eds.) -2007 - Erlbaum.This is an interdisciplinary collection of new essays by philosophers, psychologists, neuroscientists and historians on the question: What has determined and what should determine the territory or the boundaries of the discipline named "psychology"? Both the contents - in terms of concepts - and the methods - in terms of instruments - are analyzed. Among the contributors are Mitchell Ash, Paul Baltes, Jochen Brandtstädter, Gerd Gigerenzer, Michael Heidelberger, Gerhard Roth, and Thomas Sturm.
- The Roles of Instruments in Psychological Research.Thomas Sturm &Mitchell G. Ash -2005 -History of Psychology 8:3-34.What roles have instruments played in psychology and related disciplines? How have instruments affected the dynamics of psychological research, with what possibilities and limits? What is a psychological instrument? This paper provides a conceptual foundation for specific case studies concerning such questions. The discussion begins by challenging widely accepted assumptions about the subject and analyzing the general relations between scientific experimentation and the uses of instruments in psychology. Building on this analysis, a deliberately inclusive definition of what constitutes a psychological (...) instrument is proposed. The discussion then takes up the relation between instrumentation and theories, and differentiates in greater detail the roles instruments have had over the course of psychology’s history. Finally, the authors offer an approach to evaluating the possibilities and limitations of instruments in psychology. (shrink)
- Gestalt psychology in Weimar culture.Mitchell G. Ash -1991 -History of the Human Sciences 4 (3):395-415.
- Aufruf zur Anmeldung von Vorträgen und Sektionen.Mitchell Ash -2005 -Berichte Zur Wissenschafts-Geschichte 28 (4):358-358.No categories
- David Cahan’s Helmholtz: History of Science in European History.Mitchell G. Ash -2020 -Isis 111 (4):840-844.
- Die Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft im Nationalsozialismus.Mitchell G. Ash -2010 -NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 18 (1):79-118.
- Death of a "Jewish Science": Psychoanalysis in the Third Reich. James E. Goggin, Eileen N. Brockman Goggin.Mitchell G. Ash -2001 -Isis 92 (3):636-637.
- Die Professionalisierung der deutschen Psychologie im Nationalsozialismus. Ulfried Geuter.Mitchell Ash -1986 -Isis 77 (4):702-704.
- Die Professionalisierung der deutschen Psychologie im NationalsozialismusUlfried Geuter.Mitchell Ash -1990 -Isis 81 (3):605-606.
- History of science in Central and Eastern Europe : Studies from Poland, Hungary, and Croatia.Mitchell G. Ash -2021 -Centaurus 63 (3):546-552.The article introduces a special section about history of science in Central and Eastern Europe before and after the fall of Communism, and sketches a conceptual framework within which the three papers in the section can be understood together. This introduction provides information about the workshop from which the papers were recruited, and continues with more general considerations on the nationalization of scientific knowledge in the territories of the Habsburg empire and its successor states. In the second half of the (...) introduction, themes addressed by all three papers in the special section are named and discussed briefly. (shrink)No categories
- Surviving the Swastika: Scientific Research in Nazi Germany. Kristie Macrakis.Mitchell Ash -1994 -Isis 85 (4):727-729.
- Studien zur autoritaren Personlichkeit: Ausgewahlte Schriften. Else Frenkel-Brunswik, Dietmar Paier, Bertram F. Malle.Mitchell Ash -1997 -Isis 88 (4):734-735.
- The Quest for Jewish Assimilation in Modern Social Science.Mitchell G. Ash -2009 -Intellectual History Review 19 (2):283-284.
- 2. Weimar Psychology: Holistic Visions and Trained Intuition.Mitchell G. Ash -2013 - In John P. McCormick & Peter E. Gordon,Weimar Thought: A Contested Legacy. Princeton University Press. pp. 35-54.No categories
- Tagung: Blender, Täuscher, Scharlatane — Betrug in den Wissenschaften.Mitchell Ash -2002 -Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 25 (3):233-234.No categoriesExport citation
Bookmark - Scientific Changes in Germany 1933, 1945, 1990: Towards a Comparison. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -2000 -Minerva 37 (4):329-354.
- (1 other version)Alexander von Schwerin. Experimentalisierung des Menschen: Der Genetiker Hans Nachtsheim und die vergleichende Erbpathologie 1920–1945. 421 pp. Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag, 2004. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -2006 -Isis 97 (3):584-586.No categories
- Irreducible Mind? On E. Kelly et al., Irreducible Mind: Toward a Psychology for the 21st Century. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash,Horst Gundlach &Thomas Sturm -2010 -American Journal of Psychology 123:246-250.This is a review of a book that tries to re-establish mind-body dualism by using (a) empirical research on near-death experiences, placebo effects, creativity, claiming even that parapsychology should become a respected part of science, and (b) Frederic W. H. Myers' (1843-1901) metaphor of the brain as a kind of receiving device that records what the irreducible mind sends as messages. Among other things, we criticize the lack of philosophical clarity about mind-body relation, and question the book's tendency to refer (...) to past and current parapsychological literature as reliable. (shrink)
- John Gascoigne 2019: Science and the State: From the Scientific Revolution to World War II und Désirée Schauz 2020: Nützlichkeit und Erkenntnisfortschritt. Eine Geschichte des modernen Wissenschaftsverständnisses. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -2022 -NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 30 (3):425-429.
- Marius Turda ;, Paul J. Weindling . “Blood and Homeland”: Eugenics and Racial Nationalism in Central and Southeast Europe, 1900–1940. ix + 467 pp., figs., index. Budapest/New York: Central European University Press, 2007. $54.95. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -2008 -Isis 99 (3):644-645.
- Philip Ball. Serving the Reich: The Struggle for the Soul of Physics under Hitler. ix + 303 pp., illus., bibl., index. Chicago/London: University of Chicago Press, 2014. $30. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -2016 -Isis 107 (2):419-420.No categories
- Rezension: Hitlers Bildungsreformer. Das Reichsministerium für Wissenschaft, Erziehung und Volksbildung 1934–1945 von Anne C. Nagel. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -2013 -Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 36 (4):388-390.No categories
- Racial hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis Robert N. Proctor , ix + 414 pp., hard-cover, $34.95; paperback, $9.95. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -1990 -History of European Ideas 12 (4):545-547.
- Science, Technology, and Higher Education under NazismHochschule und Nationalsozialismus. Walter KertzScience, Technology, and National Socialism. Monika Renneberg, Mark WalkerMathematische Berichterstattung in Hitlerdeutschland: Der Niedergang des "Jahrbuchs uber die Fortschritte der Mathematik.". Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze. [REVIEW]Mitchell G. Ash -1995 -Isis 86 (3):458-462.
- The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism by Stefan Kuhl. [REVIEW]Mitchell Ash -1995 -Isis 86:136-137.
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
Aleksandra Samonek
Constantine Sandis
Howard Sankey
Jonathan Schaffer
Thomas Senor
Daniel Star
Jussi Suikkanen
Aness Kim Webster
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