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Results for 'Mikko Bentlin'

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  1. Part IV. Language contacts and loanwords. Traces of Low German influence in the Finnish texts of Mikael Agricola?MikkoBentlin -2019 - In Mikko Kauko, Miika Norro, Kirsi-Maria Nummila, Tanja Toropainen & Tuomo Fonsén,Languages in the Lutheran Reformation: textual networks and the spread of ideas. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
     
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  2. Shared Emotions.Mikko Salmela (ed.) -2013 - Oxford University Press.
     
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  3.  68
    The Impact of CEO Characteristics on Corporate Social Performance.Mikko H. Manner -2010 -Journal of Business Ethics 93 (S1):53 - 72.
    While there are growing bodies of research examining both the differences between strongly and poorly socially performing firms, and the impact of firm leaders on other strategic outcomes, little has been done in examining the effect of firm leaders on corporate social performance (CSP). This study directly addresses this issue by using upper echelon theory, and the KLD Research Analytics CSP ratings, to show that observable CEO characteristics predict differences in CSP between firms, even when firm and industry characteristics are (...) controlled for. Using a sample of 650 public US firms I find that strong or exemplary CSP, as measured by the strengths categories of KLD's ratings, is positively related to the CEO having a bachelor's degree in humanities, having a breadth of career experience and being female. I find that KLD strength ratings are negatively related to the CEO having a bachelor's degree in economics and to their level of short-term compensation. Preliminary tests of causality support the assertion that these effects reflect CEO discretion rather than being an artifact of reverse causality. Significant relationships between the CEO characteristics and poor social performance as measured by the concerns categories of KLD's ratings are not found. This suggests that CEOs have more discretion in influencing strong and exemplary social performance than in impacting poor CSP. Implications, particularly for economics education, are discussed. While there are many fruitful directions for future research, the benefits and challenges to conducting similar studies in other countries is focused upon to correspond to the global nature of this special issue. (shrink)
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  4.  41
    Two types of togetherness in shared emotions [and many other collectively intentional states].SalmelaMikko -2022 -Metodo. International Studies in Phenomenology and Philosophy 10 (1):49-78.
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  5. Assessing Rickert’s Influences on Carnap.Mikko Leinonen -2016 - In Christian Damböck,Influences on the Aufbau. Cham: Springer Verlag.
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  6.  11
    Obligationes: 14th Century Logic of Disputational Duties.Mikko Yrjönsuuri -1994 - Helsinki, Finland: Philosophical Society of Finland.
  7.  16
    Citizen participation in global environmental governance.Mikko Rask,Richard Worthington &Minna Lammi (eds.) -2012 - New York: Earthscan.
    On one day in 2009, in 38 countries around the world, 4,000 ordinary citizens gathered to discuss the future of climate policy. This project, 'WWViews', was the first-ever global democratic deliberation - an attempt to enable normal people to reach informed decisions on and impact the global policy process.This book, written by the international practitioners and scholars who facilitated the project, analyses the experiences and lessons from this ground-breaking event. Despite the apparent success of the individual deliberations, the recommendations had (...) little impact within the media or the policy process at Copenhagen. The authors examine these successes and failures, and the challenges and opportunities of such deliberative events. Through this they explore important themes for participatory approaches from the local to the global: the role of deliberation within global governance; methodology and practice; participant selection; policy impacts; engaging the media; how policy culture affects deliberation uptake; capacity building and knowledge transfer; process evaluation; content and argumentation analysis; and gender, race and class aspects.The global aims of the WWViews project, along with the opportunity to evaluate the same process in different national and cultural contexts, makes this a hugely valuable and informative study for all those interested in democratic deliberation and environmental governance from the small to the international scale. (shrink)
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  8.  28
    Executive Functions and Emotion–Attention Interaction in Assessment of Brain Health: Reliability of Repeated Testing With Executive RT Test and Correlation With BRIEF-A Questionnaire.Mikko Erkkilä,Jari Peräkylä &Kaisa M. Hartikainen -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  9. And tlmo honkela.Mikko Berg,Jan-Hendrik Schleimer &Jaakko Sarela -2005 - In Lorenzo Magnani & Riccardo Dossena,Computing, Philosophy and Cognition: Proceedings of the European Computing and Philosophy Conference (ECAP 2004). College Publications. pp. 4--381.
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  10. Oikeusnormin asettaminen yhteiskunnassa.Mikko Eklin -1971 - Porvoo,: W. Söderström.
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  11. Composers' Texts as Objects of Musicological Study.Mikko HeiniO -1988 - In Veikko Rantala, Lewis Eugene Rowell & Eero Tarasti,Essays on the philosophy of music. Helsinki: Akateeminen Kirjakauppa. pp. 43--293.
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  12.  3
    Adorno's gamble: harnessing German ideology.Mikko Immanen -2025 - Ithaca: Cornell University Press and Cornell University Library.
    The book reinterprets the thought of Theodor W. Adorno, the leading light of the Frankfurt School and one of the most influential leftist intellectuals of the twentieth century, by arguing that his worries over the frailty of reason and democracy were inspired by radical conservative thinkers of Weimar Germany.
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  13. Filosofian merkitys: Filosofian opiskelijaseminaari 1991.Mikko Lahtinen,Tommi Wallenius &Matti Vilkka (eds.) -1991 - Tampere: Jakelu, Tampereen yliopiston kirjasto.
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  14. Machiavelli was not a republicanist, or monarchist : on Louis Althusser's 'aleatory' interpretation of The prince.Mikko Lahtinen -2015 - In Filippo Del Lucchese, Fabio Frosini & Vittorio Morfino,The radical Machiavelli: politics, philosophy and language. Boston: Brill.
     
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  15.  12
    Politiikka ja etiikka: Politiikan tutkimuksen laitoksen ja Suomen fenomenologisen instituutin seminaari 16.4.1993.Mikko Lahtinen (ed.) -1993 - Tampere: [Tampereen yliopisto, Politiikan tutkimuksen laitos].
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  16. CEOs and corporate social performance.Mikko Manner -2010 - In Carla Millar & Eve Poole,Ethical leadership: global challenges and perspectives. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
     
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  17.  11
    Henry of Ghent on the Siege of Acre.Mikko Posti -2022 -Recherches de Theologie Et Philosophie Medievales 89 (1):51-76.
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  18. GH von Wright's critique of liberal society.Mikko Salmela -1997 - In Sirkku Hellsten, Marjaana Kopperi & Olli Loukola,Taking the Liberal Challenge Seriously: Essays on Contemporary Liberalism at the Turn of the 21st Century. Ashgate. pp. 82.
     
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  19.  76
    Intentionality and feeling in emotions: A reply to Ben-ze'ev.Mikko Salmela -2003 -Consciousness and Emotion 4 (2):291-305.
  20. Triage in Social Policy.Mikko A. Salo -2001 -Acta Philosophica Fennica 68:155-172.
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  21.  53
    The problem of affectivity in cognitive theories of emotion.Mikko Salmela -2002 -Consciousness and Emotion 3 (2):159-182.
  22. The Exchange Between Mandeville and Berkeley.Mikko Tolonen -2015 - In Edmundo Balsemão Pires & Joaquim Braga,Bernard de Mandeville's Tropology of Paradoxes: Morals, Politics, Economics, and Therapy. Berlin/New York: Springer International Publishing.
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  23.  47
    (2 other versions)Modeling Hypothetical Consent.Mikko Wennberg -2003 -Journal of Libertarian Studies 17 (3):17œ34.
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  24.  11
    Sophisms.Mikko Yrjönsuuri -2011 - In H. Lagerlund,Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy. Springer. pp. 1207--1208.
  25.  16
    Independent postulates for subjective expected utility.Mikko Harju,Juuso Liesiö &Kai Virtanen -forthcoming -Theory and Decision:1-10.
    Although the subjective expected utility (SEU) theory is more than 60 years old, it was recently discovered by Hartmann (Econometrica 88(1):203–205, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA17428) that one of the original seven postulates is redundant, i.e., it is implied by the other six postulates. In this brief communication, we show that this redundant axiom is the only one that is implied by the other axioms, thereby establishing that the remaining six postulates form an independent axiomatic system. This result further streamlines the preference assumptions (...) underlying the SEU theory. (shrink)
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  26.  154
    What is emotional authenticity?Mikko Salmela -2005 -Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 35 (3):209–230.
  27.  105
    A pragmatic evaluation of the theory of information ethics.Mikko Siponen -2004 -Ethics and Information Technology 6 (4):279-290.
    It has been argued that moral problems in relation to Information Technology (IT) require new theories of ethics. In recent years, an interesting new theory to address such concerns has been proposed, namely the theory of Information Ethics (IE). Despite the promise of IE, the theory has not enjoyed public discussion. The aim of this paper is to initiate such discussion by critically evaluating the theory of IE.
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  28.  16
    Perceiving one's own body.Mikko Yrjönsuuri -2008 - In Kärkkäinen Knuuttila,Theories of Perception in Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy. pp. 101--116.
  29. Needed but Unwanted. Thomas Hobbes’s Warnings on the Dangers of Multitude, Populism and Democracy.Mikko Jakonen -2016 -Las Torres de Lucca: Revista Internacional de Filosofía Política 5 (9):89-118.
    The purpose of this article is to analyse Hobbes’s understanding of democracy. The first part of the article analyses the role of democracy in the social contract. It aims to show how there exists a democratic element at the beginning of the process of social contract, in which the multitude is transformed into a people. However, after the first social contract is made, Hobbes aims to reduce the power of the people by leading the process of social contract on to (...) another level, on which the power of the people is assigned to a representative of the sovereign power, for example a monarch. The second part of the article aims to explain the practical reasons, provided by Hobbes in different parts of his political theory, for his aversion to a democratic form of government. Main reason for this, it is argued, is that democratic government is closest to the unwanted multitude. Thus, in his political theory Hobbes uses democracy to build sovereign power, but does not trust it as a form of government. (shrink)
     
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  30. Self-Knowledge and the Renaissance Sceptics.Mikko Yrjonsuuri -2000 -Acta Philosophica Fennica 66:225-254.
  31.  33
    Intensified job demands, stress of conscience and nurses' experiences during organizational change.Mikko Heikkilä,Mari Huhtala,Saija Mauno &Taru Feldt -2022 -Nursing Ethics 29 (1):217-230.
    Background: Nurses frequently face ethically demanding situations in their work, and these may lead to stress of conscience. Working life is currently accelerating and job demands are intensifying. These intensified job demands include (1) work intensification, (2) intensified job-related planning demands, (3) intensified career-related planning demands, and (4) intensified learning demands. At the same time, many healthcare organizations are implementing major organizational changes that have an influence on personnel. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between (...) intensified job demands and stress of conscience, and whether their association is moderated by organizational change experiences among nurses. Experiences of organizational change may expose employees to stress of conscience or serve as a buffer because employees appraise, involve, and cope with changes differently. Research design: Questionnaires measuring stress of conscience, intensified job demands, and organizational change experiences were completed by nurses (n = 511) in a healthcare district undergoing a major organizational change. Ethical considerations: Throughout, the study procedures were implemented according to the guidelines of the Finnish National Board on Research Integrity and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. According to the Finnish regulations, because participation was voluntary, informed consent was requested, and participants were advised of their right to withdraw from the study at will. No permission from an ethics committee was necessary. Findings: Work intensification and personal worry considering organizational change were associated with more severe stress of conscience among nurses. Nurses’ experiences of managements’ competent handling of organizational change buffered the association between work intensification and stress of conscience. Conclusions: During organizational changes, management may alleviate nurses’ stress of conscience by proper communication and support procedures. (shrink)
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  32.  73
    Aristotle'stopics and medieval obligational disputations.Mikko Yrjönsuuri -1993 -Synthese 96 (1):59 - 82.
  33.  134
    Mars Historical and Ethical Context: Past, Present, and Imagination.Mikko Puumala,Oskari Sivula,Jacques Arnould,Klara-Anna Capova,Ondřej Ditrych,David Dunér,Natuschka Lee,Tony Milligan,Erik Persson,Nikola Schmidt &Morten Tønnessen -2024 - In Verseux, Muriel Gargaud, Kirsi Lehto & Michel Viso,Mars and the Earthlings. Springer. pp. 85-98.
    The ethical, societal, and political issues of Mars settlement seem like very distant problems, both spatially and temporally. However, there is a certain urgency to these matters. Whatever humanity does in the coming decades will affect generations upon generations of future humans and other living beings, as well as their environments. The initial agreements about how resources are governed and what kind of regime is established can persist for a long time. There can be a “Founder Effect” in space. This (...) engenders questions about where to begin. Are the primary goals scientific, political, or economic? Will they be realised through international cooperation, or as a private enterprise? Will the first steps be taken in a just manner and for the common good? A settlement can become “locked-in” to initial technological, economic, behavioural, or political solutions, or caught in path dependencies. Inertia can take hold. Moreover, the process of designing and planning Mars settlements can itself become locked in this way, burdened by problematic histories, colonialist ways of thinking about settlements, and problematic values. It may even be the case that humans are neither technologically nor socially ready to settle other worlds. (shrink)
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  34.  55
    Moving to Mars: The Feasibility and Desirability of Mars Settlements.Mikko Puumala,Oskari Sivula &Kirsi Lehto -2023 -Space Policy 66:101590.
    The on-going space settlement debate has raised questions whether it is possible to settle other planets, and if it was, is it something humans should do. The problem with this space ethical discussion is that it can easily become too vague. To avoid this problem, we suggest a framework for identifying relevant variables that affect the feasibility constraints and desirability factors of establishing space settlements. The variables we focus on include the settlement stage, scale and time frame. Based on the (...) relevant literature, we take mission cost, survival, habitation, water, in situ resources for food, oxygen and fuel energy and dependence on Earth as feasibility constraints that are relevant for the framework. None of them are hard constraints, but rather soft feasibility constraints that make it difficult to establish a permanent human settlement on Mars in the near- to medium-term future. However, in the past, humanity has achieved goals that first seemed infeasible. To justify the costs and effort, the goal must be highly morally desirable. We discuss five different desirability factors that could help justify the effort but as each framework has unique feasibility constraints, not all of these factors are sufficient or necessary to justify this effort. We argue that some of the desirability factors prominent in space ethical literature are not sufficient or necessary in our framework, and thus, we conclude that the normative grounds for establishing a permanent Mars settlement in the foreseeable future are weak. (shrink)
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  35.  42
    Towards Constructivist Design of Artificial Intelligence: Perspectives and Ideas.Mikko-Ville Apiola &Erkki Sutinen -2020 -Constructivist Foundations 16 (1):055-056.
    As artificial intelligence continues to have a fundamental impact in our world and lives, a crucial need arises for integrating ethical and constructivist principles in the design of AI ….
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  36.  11
    The essentialist villain: on Leo Bersani.Mikko Tuhkanen -2018 - Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
    Homomonadology: Proust, Deleuze, Beckett, Blanchot -- Wanting being: Freud, Laplanche -- Rethinking redemption: Benjamin, Baudelaire, Nietzsche -- Simultaneity and sociability: Benjamin, Beckett, Simmel -- Narcissus, a cosmology: Luther, Freud, Plato, speculative astronomy.
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  37.  17
    Locating the Self Within the Soul–Thirteenth-Century Discussions.Mikko Yrjönsuuri -2008 - In Pauliina Remes & Juha Sihvola,Ancient philosophy of the self. London: Springer. pp. 225--241.
  38.  18
    Peter John Olivi.Mikko Yrjönsuuri -2011 - In H. Lagerlund,Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy. Springer. pp. 947--950.
  39.  179
    Shared emotions.Mikko Salmela -2012 -Philosophical Explorations 15 (1):33-46.
    Existing scientific concepts of group or shared or collective emotion fail to appreciate several elements of collectivity in such emotions. Moreover, the idea of shared emotions is threatened by the individualism of emotions that comes in three forms: ontological, epistemological, and physical. The problem is whether or not we can provide a plausible account of ?straightforwardly shared? emotions without compromising our intuitions about the individualism of emotions. I discuss two philosophical accounts of shared emotions that explain the collectivity of emotions (...) in terms of their intentional structure: Margaret Gilbert's plural subject account, and Hans Bernhard Schmid's phenomenological account. I argue that Gilbert's view fails because it relegates affective experience into a contingent role in emotions and because a joint commitment to feel amounts to the creation of a feeling rule rather than to an emotion. The problems with Schmid's view are twofold: first, a phenomenological fusion of feelings is not necessary for shared emotions and second, Schmid is not sensitive enough to different forms of shared concerns. I then outline my own typology that distinguishes between weakly, moderately, and strongly shared emotions on the basis of the participants? shared concerns of different degree of collectivity, on the one hand, and the synchronization of their emotional responses, on the other hand. All kind of shared emotions in my typology are consistent with the individualism of emotions, while the question about ?straightforward sharing? is argued to be of secondary importance. (shrink)
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  40.  174
    How does it really feel to act together? Shared emotions and the phenomenology of we-agency.Mikko Salmela &Michiru Nagatsu -2017 -Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 16 (3):449-470.
    Research on the phenomenology of agency for joint action has so far focused on the sense of agency and control in joint action, leaving aside questions on how it feels to act together. This paper tries to fill this gap in a way consistent with the existing theories of joint action and shared emotion. We first reconstruct Pacherie’s account on the phenomenology of agency for joint action, pointing out its two problems, namely the necessary trade-off between the sense of self- (...) and we-agency; and the lack of affective phenomenology of joint action in general. After elaborating on these criticisms based on our theory of shared emotion, we substantiate the second criticism by discussing different mechanisms of shared affect—feelings and emotions—that are present in typical joint actions. We show that our account improves on Pacherie’s, first by introducing our agentive model of we-agency to overcome her unnecessary dichotomy between a sense of self- and we-agency, and then by suggesting that the mechanisms of shared affect enhance not only the predictability of other agents’ actions as Pacherie highlights, but also an agentive sense of we-agency that emerges from shared emotions experienced in the course and consequence of joint action. (shrink)
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  41.  245
    Can Emotion be Modelled on Perception?Mikko Salmela -2011 -Dialectica 65 (1):1-29.
    Perceptual theories of emotion purport to avoid the problems of traditional cognitivism and noncognitivism by modelling emotion on perception, which shares the most conspicuous dimensions of emotion, intentionality and phenomenality. In this paper, I shall reconstrue and discuss four key arguments that perceptual theorists have presented in order to show that emotion is a kind of perception, or that there are close analogies between emotion and perception. These arguments are, from stronger to weaker claims: the perceptual system argument; the argument (...) from noninferential structure; the argument from epistemic role; and the argument from phenomenology. I argue that, while the arguments in favour of assimilating emotion to perception fail, the analogies between emotion and perception are not as close as perceptual theorists suggest even if some emotions resemble perception more than others, thanks to the two-levelled structure of emotional processing. (shrink)
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  42.  2
    Heidegger in ruins: between philosophy and ideology.Mikko Immanen -2025 -History of European Ideas 51 (3):661-664.
    Richard Wolin’s latest book seeks to reassess Martin Heidegger’s (1889–1976) philosophical legacy in the light of his Black Notebooks (Schwarze Hefte)—private writings that began to appear in 2014—...
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  43.  4
    Languages in the Lutheran Reformation: textual networks and the spread of ideas.Mikko Kauko,Miika Norro,Kirsi-Maria Nummila,Tanja Toropainen &Tuomo Fonsén (eds.) -2019 - Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
    This collection of essays charts the influence of the Lutheran Reformation on various (northern) European languages and texts written in them. The central themes of Languages in the Lutheran Reformation: Textual Networks and the Spread of Ideas are: how the ideas related to Lutheranism were adapted to the new areas, new languages, and new contexts during the Reformation period in the 16th and 17th centuries; and how the Reformation affected the standardization of the languages. Networks of texts, knowledge, and authors (...) belong to the topics of the present volume. The contributions look into language use, language culture, and translation activities during the Reformation, but also in the prelude to the Reformation as well as after it, in the early modern period. The contributors are experts in the study of their respective languages, including Czech, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, High German, Icelandic, Latvian, Lithuanian, Low German, Norwegian, Polish, and Swedish. The primary texts explored in the essays are Bible translations, but genres other than biblical are also discussed."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)
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  44.  8
    Kyklooppi ja kojootti: subjekti 1600-1900 -lukujen kulttuuri- ja kirjallisuusteorioissa.Mikko Lehtonen -1994 - Tampere: Vastapaino.
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  45. Analytic moral philosophy in finland.Mikko Salmela -2003 -Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities 80 (1):413-444.
    Finland is internationally known as one of the leading centers of twentieth century analytic philosophy. This volume offers for the first time an overall survey of the Finnish analytic school. The rise of this trend is illustrated by original articles of Edward Westermarck, Eino Kaila, Georg Henrik von Wright, and Jaakko Hintikka. Contributions of Finnish philosophers are then systematically discussed in the fields of logic, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, history of philosophy, ethics and social philosophy. Metaphilosophical reflections on (...) the nature of philosophy are highlighted by the Finnish dialogue between analytic philosophy, phenomenology, pragmatism, and critical theory. (shrink)
     
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  46. Eino Kaila on ethics.Mikko Salmela -2012 - In Ilkka Niiniluoto & Sami Pihlström,Reappraisals of Eino Kaila's philosophy. Helsinki: Philosophical Society of Finland.
     
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  47.  14
    Empatian lajeista ja niiden moraalisesta merkityksestä.Mikko Salmela -2019 -Ajatus 76 (1):331-336.
    Artikkeli on kommentaari Elisa Aaltolan teoksesta Varieties of Empathy – Moral Psychology and Animal Ethics, joka käsittelee erilaisia empatian muotoja sekä niiden moraalisia ansioita ja rajoituksia etiikassa, erityisesti suhtautumisessa eläimiin. Totean aluksi olevani Aaltolan kanssa samaa mieltä teoksen pääasioista, ja keskityn kommenteissani kahteen sivuteemaan: kognitiivisen empatian moraaliseen statukseen ja reflektiivisen empatian sisältöön. Kognitiivisen empatian osalta pohdin ovatko narsistisista tai psykopaattisista persoonallisuushäiriöistä kärsivät henkilöt parhaita esimerkkejä affektiivisen empatian puutteen moraalisista vaikutuksista. Ehdotan että kognitiivisen empatian moraalista statusta voisi tutkia myös sellaisilla henkilöillä, (...) joiden hoidossa käytetään beetasalpaajia, jotka heikentävät tunteisiin kuuluvaa kehollista aktivaatiota ja siten oletettavasti myös affektiivista empatiaa. Reflektiivisen empatian osalta pohdin tarkkaavaisuuden roolia kriittisessä reflektiossa. Aaltola erittelee tarkkaavaisuutta mindfulness-ajattelun sekä Iris Murdochin ja Simone Weilin filosofioiden avulla. Tarkkaavaisuuteen myös kuuluu kriittinen näkökulma, sillä sen tarkoitus on paljastaa ja oikaista epäjohdonmukaisuudesta, puutteellisesta tiedosta tai ymmärryksestä tai puolueellisuudesta johtuvia virheitä empaattisessa suhtautumisessa muihin eläimiin ja ihmisiin. Totean, että Aaltolan esitys jättää kuitenkin avoimeksi, mistä tällainen kriittisen arvioinnin ja eettisen kultivoinnin näkökulma nousee, jos tarkkaavaisuus ei ole luonteeltaan analyyttista eikä ensisijaisesti rationaalistakaan. Näistä huomautuksista huolimatta suosittelen Aaltolan teosta kaikille empatiasta ja etiikasta kiinnostuneille. (shrink)
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  48.  27
    “The Grievance Studies Affair” Project: Reconstructing and Assessing the Experimental Design.Mikko Lagerspetz -2021 -Science, Technology, and Human Values 46 (2):402-424.
    Recently, high media visibility was reached by an experiment that involved “hoaxlike deception” of journals within humanities and social sciences. Its aim was to provide evidence of “inadequate” quality standards especially within gender studies. The article discusses the project in the context of both previous systematic studies of peer reviewing and scientific hoaxes and analyzes its possible empirical outcomes. Despite claims to the contrary, the highly political, both ethically and methodologically flawed “experiment” failed to provide the evidence it sought. The (...) experiences can be summed up as follows: journals with higher impact factors were more likely to reject papers submitted as part of the project; the chances were better, if the manuscript was allegedly based on empirical data; peer reviews can be an important asset in the process of revising a manuscript; and when the project authors, with academic education from neighboring disciplines, closely followed the reviewers’ advice, they were able to learn relatively quickly what is needed for writing an acceptable article. The boundary between a seriously written paper and a “hoax” gradually became blurred. Finally, the way the project ended showed that in the long run, the scientific community will uncover fraudulent practices. (shrink)
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  49.  175
    True emotions.Mikko Salmela -2006 -Philosophical Quarterly 56 (224):382-405.
    Philosophers widely agree that emotions may have or lack appropriateness or fittingness, which in the emotional domain is an analogue of truth. I defend de Sousa's account of emotional truth by arguing that emotions have cognitive content as digitalized evaluative perceptions of the particular object of emotion, in terms of the relevant formal property. I argue that an emotion is true if and only if there is an actual fit between the particular and the formal objects of emotion, and the (...) emotion's propositional content is semantically satisfied, or the target of the emotion exists. Emotions meet the syntactic and disciplinary requirements of minimally truth-apt states. Appropriate fit occurs when lower-level properties of particular objects of emotion provide sufficient warrant to make ascription of the relevant formal properties superassertable. (shrink)
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  50.  112
    Supposition and truth in ockham's mental language.Mikko Yrjönsuuri -1997 -Topoi 16 (1):15-25.
    In this paper, Ockham's theory of an ideal language of thought is used to illuminate problems of interpretation of his theory of truth. The twentieth century idea of logical form is used for finding out what kinds of atomic sentences there are in OckhamÕs mental language. It turns out that not only the theory of modes of supposition, but also the theory of supposition in general is insufficient as a full theory of truth. Rather, the theory of supposition is a (...) theory of reference, which can help in the determination of truth values within the scope of simple predications. Outside this area, there are interesting types of sentences, whose truth does not depend on whether the terms supposit for the same things or not for the same things. (shrink)
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