Results for 'Margaret O 19Connor'
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- Case Studies in Bioethics: An IUD and the Question of Safety.Margaret O'Brien Steinfels,Gaya Aranoff &Victor W. Sidel -1974 -Hastings Center Report 4 (6):10.
- Having Children. [REVIEW]Margaret O'Brien Steinfels -1979 -Hastings Center Report 9 (2):29.Book reviewed in this article: Having Children: Philosophical and Legal Reflections on Parenthood. Edited by Onora O'Neill and William Ruddick.
- Observations upon Experimental Philosophy.Margaret Cavendish &Eileen O'neill -2004 -Philosophical Quarterly 54 (214):175-177.
- Noncoding RNAs and chronic inflammation: Micro‐managing the fire within.Margaret Alexander &Ryan M. O'Connell -2015 -Bioessays 37 (9):1005-1015.Inflammatory responses are essential for the clearance of pathogens and the repair of injured tissues; however, if these responses are not properly controlled chronic inflammation can occur. Chronic inflammation is now recognized as a contributing factor to many age‐associated diseases including metabolic disorders, arthritis, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease. Due to the connection between chronic inflammation and these diseases, it is essential to understand underlying mechanisms behind this process. In this review, factors that contribute to chronic inflammation are discussed. Further, we (...) emphasize the emerging roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and other noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) in regulating chronic inflammatory states, making them important future diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Copyright Line: © 2015 The Authors BioEssays Published by Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. (shrink)
- The Supreme Court & Sex Choice.Margaret O'brien Steinfels -1980 -Hastings Center Report 10 (1):19-20.
- In Vitro Fertilization: 'Ethically Acceptable' Research.Margaret O'brien Steinfels -1979 -Hastings Center Report 9 (3):5-8.
- At the center.Margaret O'Brien Steinfels -1980 -Hastings Center Report 10 (4):3-3.
- Ethics, Education, and Nursing Practice.Margaret O'brien Steinfels -1977 -Hastings Center Report 7 (4):20-21.
- New Childbirth Technology: A Clash of Values.Margaret O'brien Steinfels -1978 -Hastings Center Report 8 (1):9-12.
- Non‐Fiction Death Books for Children.Margaret O'Brien Steinfels -1977 -Hastings Center Report 7 (3):21-21.
- Education and Personal Relationships.Bernadette Macmahon,Margaret O’Brien &Marie O’Hara -1974 -Philosophical Studies (Dublin) 23:260-262.
- Case Studies: AID and the Single Welfare Mother.Theodora Ooms &Margaret O'Brien Steinfels -1983 -Hastings Center Report 13 (1):22.
- Research with Pregnant Women: New Insights on Legal Decision‐Making.Anna C. Mastroianni,Leslie Meltzer Henry,David Robinson,Theodore Bailey,Ruth R. Faden,Margaret O. Little &Anne Drapkin Lyerly -2017 -Hastings Center Report 47 (3):38-45.U.S. researchers and scholars often point to two legal factors as significant obstacles to the inclusion of pregnant women in clinical research: the Department of Health and Human Services’ regulatory limitations specific to pregnant women's research participation and the fear of liability for potential harm to children born following a pregnant woman's research participation. This article offers a more nuanced view of the potential legal complexities that can impede research with pregnant women than has previously been reflected in the literature. (...) It reveals new insights into the role of legal professionals throughout the research pathway, from product conception to market, and it highlights a variety of legal factors influencing decision-making that may slow or halt research involving pregnant women. Our conclusion is that closing the evidence gap created by the underrepresentation and exclusion of pregnant women in research will require targeted attention to the role of legal professionals and the legal factors that influence their decisions. (shrink)
- Case Studies in Bioethics: Parental Consent and a Teenage Sex Survey.E. James Lieberman,Donald Richard Nilson &Margaret O'Brien Steinfels -1977 -Hastings Center Report 7 (3):13.
- Education Through English to Philosophy.Margaret Townsend O’Brien -1946 -New Scholasticism 20 (4):344-360.
- Lawyer's response to language constructing law.Margaret O'Toole -1994 - In John Gibbons,Language and the law. New York: Longman. pp. 188--91.
- Authentic leadership: application to women leaders.Margaret M. Hopkins &Deborah A. O’Neil -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6.
- Critical Reflections on Poetry and Painting (2 vols.): Translated with an Introduction and Notes by James O. Young andMargaret Cameron.James O. Young &Margaret Cameron (eds.) -2021 - BRILL.This is the first modern, annotated and scholarly edition of Jean-Baptiste Du Bos’ _Critical Reflections on Poetry and Painting_, one of the seminal works of modern aesthetics in any language.No categories
- Buried Treasure: Contradictions in the Perception and Reality of Women's Leadership.Margaret M. Hopkins,Deborah Anne O'Neil,Diana Bilimoria &Alison Broadfoot -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.The impact of gender on assessments of leadership performance and leadership potential was examined through two clusters of leadership behaviors, one set related to traditional constructions of leadership labeled directing others and another associated with contemporary constructions of leadership labeled engaging others. Based on data collected from a sample of 91 senior leaders in one US financial services organization over a 3-year period prior to Covid-19, the results showed a negative relationship between directing others behaviors and leadership potential ratings for (...) females and a positive relationship between these variables for males. A negative relationship between engaging others behaviors and performance assessments was also found for females. This study highlights the continuing bias in leadership assessments of women and explores the contradictions between the perception and the reality of women's leadership. (shrink)
- Genealogies of Partition; History, History‐Writing and 'the Troubles' in Ireland.Margaret O'Callaghan -2006 -Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 9 (4):619-634.Contemporary political disputes have a long history of expression and contestation through the genre of history‐writing in Ireland. The role of history writing and political science writing during the nearly 40 years of the so‐called ‘Troubles’ has been no exception to this. Battles between competing versions of what the conflict ‘is about’, mediated through academic and popular texts have themselves in turn become constitutive of it. This builds upon centuries of the representation of the complicated politics of this island as (...) ‘an issue’ in British domestic politics – first ‘the Catholic question’, then ‘the Irish question’. The location of political power outside the island for centuries has created successive battles for the representation of sectional interests in a metropolitan centre. The skills of propaganda, history writing, newspaper writing have consequently been deployed at a remarkable level of skill and intensity. In the recent period one of the consequences of this has been the removal from the debate of the actuality of partition; this builds upon a particular historical representation of partition as an historical inevitability. To seek to restore partition to the debate is not to call for its undoing but to recognise that seeking to circumvent debates about its origins in the key period of democratisation in Irish politics (1880–1920) has been counter‐productive. This essay examines the genealogies of partition in Irish and international contexts in the light of these battles for representation, and aims to return a lost dimension to the debate about the so‐called ‘Troubles’in Ireland. The genealogy of partition is the issue that has been marginalised in academic study and this has affected both policy and politics. (shrink)
- Family employment status and gender role attitudes: A comparison of women and men college graduates.Bruce O. Warren &Margaret L. Cassidy -1996 -Gender and Society 10 (3):312-329.Data from 590 college graduates are used to assess the relationship between family employment status and gender role attitudes for a predominately European American sample. The women in this study are employed full time, part time, or are full-time homemakers, and all report being married to men employed full time. The men in the study are all employed full time and report having wives who are employed full time, part time, or are full-time homemakers. Controlling for the effects of selected (...) background factors, full-time employed women are the most supportive of nontraditional family gender roles, followed by part-time employed women. The attitudes of homemakers are more similar to those of the men. Few significant differences exist when comparing the men with full-time employed wives, those with part-time employed wives, and men married to homemakers. The findings suggest an important link between work experiences, lifestyle choices, and gender role attitudes, particularly for women. (shrink)No categories
- Personal reflections on navigating plural values in the implementation of voluntary assisted dying in Victoria, Australia.Margaret O’Connor -forthcoming -Monash Bioethics Review:1-9.This paper is a personal reflection on involvement in the development of the first voluntary assisted dying legislation in Australia. Points of contention are discussed, where plural values were evident, as the legislation progressed towards implementation. Finally, ongoing areas of difficulty with the legislation are listed, where further thought is required to ensure ease of access for those in need.No categories
- The Ethics of Engagement and Representation in Community-based Participatory Research.Siobhan O’Sullivan,Elaine Desmond &Margaret Buckley -2023 -Ethics and Social Welfare 17 (2):159-174.This paper focuses on ethics in community-based participatory research (CBPR) from inception to post-publication. Central to CBPR is a collaborative, partnership approach that recognises the strengths of partners and engages their distinctive voice and knowledge in the research process. While the ethical complexities that arise in the course of research practice in CBPR can transcend individual projects, they are also grounded in the particularity of the project, community, and research partners. This paper reflects on the experiences of two participatory social (...) policy research projects on housing in Ireland, conducted over the past three years. These projects involved collaborating with older people living in rural areas nationwide and with residents of small communities on offshore islands. The paper explores the ethics of engagement (regarding methods of involvement and access), and the ethics of representation (incorporating the depiction and sharing of research findings) and argues that researchers must pay attention to the specificity of each project and be alive to generating an organic research ethics in how research is set up, conducted, represented, and disseminated. In so doing, we can better foster agency and authenticity in the relationships developed throughout research processes and reflect on and meet shared values and responsibilities. (shrink)
- Extinction after partial reinforcement and minimal learning as a test of both verbal control and pre in concept learning.Daniel C. O'connell &Margaret V. Wagner -1967 -Journal of Experimental Psychology 73 (1):151.
- HASLER, August B., How the Pope Became Infallible : Pius IX and the Politics or PersuasionHASLER, August B., How the Pope Became Infallible : Pius IX and the Politics or Persuasion.Margaret O'Gara -1983 -Laval Théologique et Philosophique 39 (1):120-121.
- Two Accounts of Reception.Margaret O’Gara -2007 - In David S. Liptay & John J. Liptay,The Importance of Insight: Essays in Honour of Michael Vertin. University of Toronto Press. pp. 116-124.No categories
- The impact of gendered organizational systems on women’s career advancement.Deborah A. O’Neil &Margaret M. Hopkins -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6.
- Sedation in the terminally ill — a clinical perspective.Margaret O’Connor,David W. Kissane &Odette Spruyt -1999 -Monash Bioethics Review 18 (3):17-27.This article discusses the place of sedation in the care of the terminally ill, as used in the practice of palliative care using case studies, clinical pragmatism forms the theoretical framework from which to elucidate the varying part that sedation plays in the overall management of a person facing the end of life. We contend that when used appropriately, sedation is an ethical and legitimate intervention that enhances comfort at the end of life and ought not sedate the person onto (...) “oblivion”. (shrink)
- Women’s Careers at the Start of the 21st Century: Patterns and Paradoxes. [REVIEW]Deborah A. O’Neil,Margaret M. Hopkins &Diana Bilimoria -2008 -Journal of Business Ethics 80 (4):727 - 743.In this article we assess the extant literature on women’s careers appearing in selected career, management and psychology journals from 1990 to the present to determine what is currently known about the state of women’s careers at the dawn of the 21st century. Based on this review, we identify four patterns that cumulatively contribute to the current state of the literature on women’s careers: women’s careers are embedded in women’s larger-life contexts, families and careers are central to women’s lives, women’s (...) career paths reflect a wide range and variety of patterns, and human and social capital are critical factors for women’s careers. We also identify paradoxes that highlight the disconnection between organizational practice and scholarly research associated with each of the identified patterns. Our overall conclusion is that male-defined constructions of work and career success continue to dominate organizational research and practice. We provide direction for a research agenda on women’s careers that addresses the development of integrative career theories relevant for women’s contemporary lives in hopes of providing fresh avenues for conceptualizing career success for women. Propositions are identified for more strongly connecting career scholarship to organizational practice in support of women’s continued career advancement. (shrink)
- Ethical and methodological issues in qualitative health research involving children.Xiaoyan Huang,Margaret O’Connor,Li-Shan Ke &Susan Lee -2016 -Nursing Ethics 23 (3):339-356.Background: The right of children to have their voice heard has been accepted by researchers, and there are increasing numbers of qualitative health studies involving children. The ethical and methodological issues of including children in research have caused worldwide concerns, and many researchers have published articles sharing their own experiences. Objectives: To systematically review and synthesise experts’ opinions and experiences about ethical and methodological issues of including children in research, as well as related solution strategies. Research design: The research design (...) was a systematic review of opinion-based evidence, based on the guidelines by Joanna Briggs Institute. Methods: A search of five computerised databases has been conducted in April 2014 and 2271 articles were found. After screening the titles, abstracts, full texts and appraising the quality, 30 articles were finally included in the review. A meta-aggregative approach was applied in the data analysis and synthesis process. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval is not needed as it is a systematic review of published literature. Results: Six themes were identified, including evaluating potential risks and benefits, gaining access, obtaining informed consent/assent, protecting confidentiality and privacy, building rapport and collecting rich data. The similarities and differences between research involving children and that involving adults were indicated. Conclusion: All potential incentives should be justified when designing the study. Further studies need to research how to evaluate individual capacity of children and how to balance protecting children’s right to participate and their interests in the research. Cultural differences related to researching children in different regions should also be studied. (shrink)
- Family Business Participation in Community Social Responsibility: The Moderating Effect of Gender.Whitney O. Peake,Danielle Cooper,Margaret A. Fitzgerald &Glenn Muske -2017 -Journal of Business Ethics 142 (2):325-343.Small family businesses have generally been shown to exhibit significant concern for social responsibility, especially at the community level. Despite the reported heterogeneity of family firms in their preferences for and participation in social responsibility, the drivers of such differences are not agreed upon in the literature. We draw from enlightened self-interest and social capital theories by exploring their complementary and competing implications for the effect of duration and community satisfaction on participation in community-oriented social responsibility. Additionally, drawing on the (...) association between gender and self-construal and evidence that gender shapes helping and giving behaviors, we assess the moderating role of the gender of the firm manager in these relationships. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 279 family businesses and find support that gender moderates the relationship between community duration and satisfaction and measures of CSR. (shrink)
- O poder do cidadão em Porto alegre.Margarete Panerai Araújo -1998 -Veritas – Revista de Filosofia da Pucrs 43 (5):45-47.Este artigo visa demonstrar como se vem instaurando a formação do cidadão através do Orçamento Participativo, na cidade de Porto Alegre, após 1990.No categories
- To Switch or Not to Switch: Role of Cognitive Control in Working Memory Training in Older Adults.Chandramallika Basak &Margaret A. O’Connell -2016 -Frontiers in Psychology 7.
- Jean-Baptiste Du Bos’ Critical Reflections on Poetry and Painting and Hume’s Treatise.James O. Young &Margaret Cameron -2018 -British Journal of Aesthetics 58 (2):119-130.It has long been known that Jean-Baptiste Du Bos exercised a considerable influence on Hume’s essays and, in particular, on the ‘Of the Standard of Taste’ and ‘Of Tragedy’. It has also been noted that some passages in the Treatise bear marks of Du Bos’ influence. In this essay, we identify many more passages in the Treatise that bear unmistakable signs of Du Bos’ influence. We demonstrate that Du Bos certainly had a significant impact on Hume as he wrote the (...) Treatise. We go on to argue that Hume’s views on morality are an extension to the moral realm of Du Bos’ views on beauty and criticism. Du Bos may also have influenced Hume’s distinction between ideas and impressions. (shrink)
- An evaluation of adverse incident reporting.Nicola Stanhope,Margaret Crowley-Murphy,Charles Vincent,Anne M. O'Connor &Sally E. Taylor-Adams -1999 -Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 5 (1):5-12.
- ‘What about the dads?’ Linking fathers and children in administrative data: A systematic scoping review.Jenny Woodman,Margaret O’Brien,Pia Hardelid,Katie Harron &Irina Lut -2022 -Big Data and Society 9 (1).Research has shown that paternal involvement positively impacts on child health and development. We aimed to develop a conceptual model of dimensions of fatherhood, identify and categorise methods used for linking fathers with their children in administrative data, and map these methods onto the dimensions of fatherhood. We carried out a systematic scoping review to create a conceptual framework of paternal involvement and identify studies exploring the impact of paternal exposures on child health and development outcomes using administrative data. We (...) identified four methods that have been used globally to link fathers and children in administrative data based on family or household identifiers using address data, identifiable information about the father on the child's birth registration, health claims data, and Personal Identification Numbers. We did not identify direct measures of paternal involvement but mapping linkage methods to the framework highlighted possible proxies. The addition of paternal National Health Service numbers to birth notifications presents a way forward in the advancement of fatherhood research using administrative data sources. (shrink)No categories
- Adolescent development of context-dependent stimulus-reward association memory and its neural correlates.Joel L. Voss,Jonathan T. O’Neil,Maria Kharitonova,Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan &Lauren S. Wakschlag -2015 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
- Status consistency and work satisfaction among professional and managerial women and men.Bruce O. Warren &Margaret L. Cassidy -1991 -Gender and Society 5 (2):193-206.This study examined whether holding a status-consistent or status-inconsistent position affected the work satisfaction of college-educated, white-collar employees. The status-consistent group contained 128 women and 118 men. The status-inconsistent group was composed of 89 women and 102 men. Our results indicated that workers in occupations in which the majority of workers are the same gender had significantly higher levels of work satisfaction than those in status-inconsistent occupations. However, subsequent analyses revealed that men and women employed in occupations in which the (...) majority of workers are men had higher levels of work satisfaction than those employed in women-dominated occupations. These findings held when controlling for other work-satisfaction factors, such as individual earnings, hours worked per week, and length of time employed. We suggest that the effect of status consistency on work satisfaction is mediated by the cultural value attached to the occupations men dominate. (shrink)No categories
- O que é a arte?Margaret Battin -forthcoming -Critica.No categories
- Effect of delayed conditioned stimulus termination on extinction of an avoidance response following different termination conditions during acquisition.Allen C. Israel,Vernon T. Devine,Margaret A. O'Dea &Mark E. Hamdi -1974 -Journal of Experimental Psychology 103 (2):360.
- Feminist History of Philosophy: The Recovery and Evaluation of Women's Philosophical Thought ed. by Eileen O'Neill and Marcy Lascano.Margaret Atherton -2020 -Journal of the History of Philosophy 58 (3):628-629.This book, a collection of articles on women's contributions to the history of philosophy, can accurately be described as long-awaited. Originally conceived in, I gather, roughly its present form in 2006, it is now finally in 2019 reaching the light of day. Although unavoidable delays are always a pity, in this case the result is certainly worth the wait, and the significantly high quality of the volume has not been undercut by its belated appearance. In 2006, the editors secured contributions (...) from most of the leading contributors to the field of women in the history of philosophy, and since twelve years is not all that long a time, they remain leading contributors. Anyone interested in teaching, writing about, or... (shrink)
- Cross-Cultural Biotechnology: A Reader.Stella Gonzalez Arnal,Donald Chalmers,David Kum-Wah Chan,Margaret Coffey,Jo Ann T. Croom,Mylène Deschênes,Henrich Ganthaler,Yuri Gariev,Ryuichi Ida,Jeffrey P. Kahn,Martin O. Makinde,Anna C. Mastroianni,Katharine R. Meacham,Bushra Mirza,Michael J. Morgan,Dianne Nicol,Edward Reichman,Susan E. Wallace &Larissa P. Zhiganova (eds.) -2004 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.This book is a rich blend of analyses by leading experts from various cultures and disciplines. A compact introduction to a complex field, it illustrates biotechnology's profound impact upon the environment and society. Moreover, it underscores the vital relevance of cultural values. This book empowers readers to more critically assess biotechnology's value and effectiveness within both specific cultural and global contexts.
- Philo of Alexandria and the Origins of the Stoic Πρoπαειαι.Margaret Graver -1999 -Phronesis 44 (4):300-325.The concept of πρoπαειαι or "pre-emotions" is known not only to the Roman Stoics and Christian exegetes but also to Philo of Alexandria. Philo also supplies the term πρoπαεια at QGen 1.79. As Philo cannot have derived what he knows from Seneca, nor from Cicero, who also mentions the point, he must have found it in older Stoic writings. The πρoπαεια concept, rich in implications for the voluntariness and phenomenology of the passions proper, is thus confirmed for the Hellenistic period. (...) It is not to be expected that Philo's handling of this or any concept will necessarily conform to the usage of his Stoic sources. His evidence is nonetheless of great value where it coincides with that of other witnesses. In QGen 4.73 the emphasis falls upon involuntariness and the mechanisms of impression and assent as in Epictetus fr. 9. The πρoπαεια saves the virtuous person's insusceptibility to emotion exactly as it does for the Stoic spokesman in Gellius NA 19.1; this point is of some interest in view of the Christological use of this concept in Origen and Didymus. QGen 1.55 and 3.56 indicate that the occurrence of the πρoπαειαι is dependent upon uncertainty, and further, that for Philo, as for Seneca in Ira 2.3.4, a thought not acted upon can count as a πρoπαεια. In QGen 4.15-17 and 1.79, Philo indicates that hope and perhaps laughter may be related to joy as πρoπαεια to παoς; these assertions are not paralleled in extant Stoic texts. Further, in QGen 2.57, he names "biting and contraction" as the ευπαεια corresponding to grief, supplying a helpful parallel for Cic. Tusc. 3.83 and Plut. Virt. Mor. 449a. The topic may well have been discussed by Posidonius, as suggested by Cooper and others, but Posidonius' attested innovations are rather different in character from the points which have caught the attention of Philo. Taking together the indirect evidence of Philo, Seneca, and Cicero, we may reasonably infer that the πρoπαεια concept belonged already to an earlier period of Stoicism. (shrink)
- Genius in Retrospection [review of A.O.J. Cockshutt, The Art of Autobiography in 19th and 20th Century England ].Margaret Moran -1985 -Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 5 (1):85-88.
- "Robert O. Johann", The Pragmatic Meaning of God. [REVIEW]Margaret Reesor -1967 -Dialogue 6 (2):246.No categoriesExport citation
Bookmark - Marcella O'Grady Boveri : Her Three Careers in Biology.Margaret Wright -1997 -Isis 88 (4):627-652.
- An o-minimal structure without mild parameterization.Margaret Em Thomas -2011 -Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 162 (6):409-418.We prove, by explicit construction, that not all sets definable in polynomially bounded o-minimal structures have mild parameterization. Our methods do not depend on the bounds particular to the definition of mildness and therefore our construction is also valid for a generalized form of parameterization, which we call G-mild. Moreover, we present a cell decomposition result for certain o-minimal structures which may be of independent interest. This allows us to show how our construction can produce polynomially bounded, model complete expansions (...) of the real ordered field which, in addition to lacking G-mild parameterization, nonetheless still have analytic cell decomposition. (shrink)
- Clarifying the Ethics and Oversight of Chimeric Research.Josephine Johnston,Insoo Hyun,Carolyn P. Neuhaus,Karen J. Maschke,Patricia Marshall,Kaitlynn P. Craig,Margaret M. Matthews,Kara Drolet,Henry T. Greely,Lori R. Hill,Amy Hinterberger,Elisa A. Hurley,Robert Kesterson,Jonathan Kimmelman,Nancy M. P. King,Melissa J. Lopes,P. Pearl O'Rourke,Brendan Parent,Steven Peckman,Monika Piotrowska,May Schwarz,Jeff Sebo,Chris Stodgell,Robert Streiffer &Amy Wilkerson -2022 -Hastings Center Report 52 (S2):2-23.This article is the lead piece in a special report that presents the results of a bioethical investigation into chimeric research, which involves the insertion of human cells into nonhuman animals and nonhuman animal embryos, including into their brains. Rapid scientific developments in this field may advance knowledge and could lead to new therapies for humans. They also reveal the conceptual, ethical, and procedural limitations of existing ethics guidance for human‐nonhuman chimeric research. Led by bioethics researchers working closely with an (...) interdisciplinary work group, the investigation focused on generating conceptual clarity and identifying improvements to governance approaches, with the goal of helping scholars, funders, scientists, institutional leaders, and oversight bodies (embryonic stem cell research oversight [ESCRO] committees and institutional animal care and use committees [IACUCs]) deliver principled and trustworthy oversight of this area of science. The article, which focuses on human‐nonhuman animal chimeric research that is stem cell based, identifies key ethical issues in and offers ten recommendations regarding the ethics and oversight of this research. Turning from bioethics’ previous focus on human‐centered questions about the ethics of “humanization” and this research's potential impact on concepts like human dignity, this article emphasizes the importance of nonhuman animal welfare concerns in chimeric research and argues for less‐siloed governance and oversight and more‐comprehensive public communication. (shrink)
- John Went, O.F.M., and Divine Omnipotence.Leonard A. Kennedy &Margaret E. Romano -1987 -Franciscan Studies 47 (1):138-170.
- Leonor de Caceres and the Mexican Inquisition.Margaret MacLeish Mott -2001 -Journal of the History of Ideas 62 (1):81-98.In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Journal of the History of Ideas 62.1 (2001) 81-98 [Access article in PDF] Leonor de Cáceres and the Mexican InquisitionMargaret Mott Introduction: The Family and the Times The Carvajál family, well-known to historians of colonial Mexico, achieved its enduring status largely through the records of the Mexican Holy Office. 1 The governor, Luis de Carvajál, after becoming embroiled in a boundary dispute with the Viceroy of New (...) Spain, was denounced as a Judaizer in 1589. He was eventually cleared of the crime of Judaizing, of performing Jewish rituals while pretending to be Catholic, but was sent to prison for one year for having concealed his Judaizing relatives from the authorities. He died while serving out his prison sentence. Many of the rest of his family, whom he brought over from Spain as part of the privileges of his office, were condemned as judaizantes pertinaz, persistent Judaizers. In the auto de fe of 8 December 1596 the governor's sister Francisca Núñez de Carvajál and four of her adult children were, in the language of the Holy Office, "relaxed to the secular arm for burning." Francisca's daughter, Mariana, was spared the stake in 1596 because she was deemed to have lost her senses. Once she regained them, she, too, was condemned as a persistent Judaizer and died in the auto de fe of 25 March 1601.From all accounts the Carvajál family was used by the Holy Office as a warning to the crypto-Jewish community of New Spain. Even Stephen Greenleaf, known for his balanced accounts on the Mexican Inquisition, 2 describes the persecution [End Page 81] of the Carvajáls as a "Counter Reformation tact," concluding that "the Holy Office wanted to use the Carvajáls as an example to the Jewish community of Mexico." 3 Yet more was at issue here than just a display of the naked power. The questions the inquisitors posed and the rhetoric they used suggest something beyond flexing a coercive muscle in front of the crypto-Jewish population of colonial Mexico.Not all members of the Carvajál family perished in the flames of so-called Counter Reformation intolerance. One of Francisca's sons, a Dominican monk, was able to maintain his commitment to his order even after being convicted of concealing his heretic relatives from the authorities. A son-in-law, Antonio Diaz de Cáceres, was reconciled after paying what biographer Martin A. Cohen considered an "unusually light" penalty, a public abjure de vehementia and a fine of a thousand Castilian ducats. Cohen explains this unusual pardon in terms of political intrigue. "Because he was a man of esteem and had served the king on several occasions," wrote Cohen, Antonio was spared the lash. 4 Yet political favors were not the only consideration. Francisca's granddaughter (and Antonio's daughter) Leonor de Cáceres, who was nine at the time of the first auto de fe, was reconciled along with her father in the auto de fe of 1601. Although she was fourteen at the time of her trial, much of the evidence concerns events that took place in her childhood, before the age of reason. Rather than a "Counter Reformation tact," her trial reflects some of the Catholic reforms of the sixteenth century, a time in Spanish political and social thought when natural law arguments for education and evangelization were on the ascendant.The term Counter Reformation implies an entrenched position against any efforts of reform. "Counter Reformation," writes historian John O'Malley, "expressed the quintessence of Catholicism, which was reaction and repression." 5 Counter Reformation underscores intolerance and obscures the radical reforms of the times (for which reason O'Malley offers the more neutral term, Early Modern Catholicism). In actuality sixteenth-century Catholicism was a time of both unification and universality, of shoring up the papacy and experimenting with evangelical techniques. Balanced against the heightened authority of the Vatican were the educational experiments of the Jesuits. 6 Alongside the racist arguments in support of the encomendero system was a very... (shrink)
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
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