Results for 'Louyan Ma'
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- The Relationship Between Pre-existing Coronary Heart Disease and Cognitive Impairment Is Partly Explained by Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in the Subjects Without Clinical Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study.Suhang Shang,Ziyu Liu,Jinying Gao,Jin Wang,Wenhui Lu,Yulang Fei,Binyan Zhang,Baibing Mi,Pei Li,Louyan Ma,Yu Jiang,Chen Chen,Liangjun Dang,Jie Liu &Qiumin Qu -2022 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16.BackgroundCoronary heart disease is closely associated with cognitive impairment, especially in severe cases of heart failure. However, it is unclear whether cardiac systolic function plays a role in the relationship between pre-existing CHD and cognitive impairment in subjects without clinical heart failure.MethodsIn total, 208 subjects from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were recruited from June 2014 to January 2015, and were divided into CHD and non-CHD groups according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The global cognitive function (...) of all subjects was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination and cognitive impairment was defined as the score lower than the cutoff value. Left ventricular ejection fraction was measured using transthoracic echocardiograms. The relationship among pre-existing CHD, LVEF, and cognitive impairment was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 34 subjects met the criteria of cognitive impairment. Univariate analysis showed that the cognitive impairment prevalence in the CHD group was significantly higher than that in the non-CHD group. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that CHD was significantly associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment after adjusting for confounds except for LVEF. However, the OR of CHD decreased when LVEF was further corrected as a continuous variable, and LVEF was negatively associated with the risk of cognitive impairment.ConclusionPre-existing CHD is associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment, and such an association can be considerably explained by reduced LVEF. An impaired cardiac systolic function may play a key role in the relationship between CHD and cognitive impairment among patients with pre-heart failure conditions. (shrink)
- The role of agency for perceived ownership in the virtual hand illusion.Ke Ma &Bernhard Hommel -2015 -Consciousness and Cognition 36:277-288.
- Fact and Fiction in Economics: Models, Realism and Social Construction.Uskali Mäki (ed.) -2002 - New York: Cambridge University Press.There is an embarrassing polarization of opinions about the status of economics as an academic discipline, as reflected in epithets such as the Dismal Science and the Queen of the Social Sciences. This collection brings together some of the leading figures in the methodology and philosophy of economics to provide a thoughtful and balanced overview of the current state of debate about the nature and limits of economic knowledge. Authors with partly rival and partly complementary perspectives examine how abstract models (...) work and how they might connect with the real world, they look at the special nature of the facts about the economy, and they direct attention towards the academic institutions themselves and how they shape economic research. These issues are thus analysed from the point of view of methodology, semantics, ontology, rhetoric, sociology, and economics of science. (shrink)
- Das independências às liberdades: futurismo e utopia na filosofia de Severino Elias Ngoenha.Afonso Mário Ucuassapi -2017 - Lisboa, Portugal: Chiado Editora.
- The virtual-hand illusion: effects of impact and threat on perceived ownership and affective resonance.Ke Ma &Bernhard Hommel -2013 -Frontiers in Psychology 4.
- The Economic World View: Studies in the Ontology of Economics.Uskali Mäki (ed.) -2001 - New York: Cambridge University Press.The beliefs of economists are not solely determined by empirical evidence in direct relation to the theories and models they hold. Economists hold 'ontological presuppositions', fundamental ideas about the nature of being which direct their thinking about economic behaviour. In this volume, leading philosophers and economists examine these hidden presuppositions, searching for a 'world view' of economics. What properties are attributed to human individuals in economic theories, and which are excluded? Does economic man exist? Do markets have an essence? Do (...) macroeconomic aggregates exist? Is the economy a mechanism, the functioning of which is governed by a limited set of distinct causes? What are the methodological implications of different ontological starting points? This collection, which establishes economic ontology as a coordinated field of study, will be of great value to economists and philosophers of social sciences. (shrink)
- The Status of Contemporary Business Ethics Research: Present and Future.Zhenzhong Ma -2009 -Journal of Business Ethics 90 (S3):255 - 265.This study provides a general overview of contemporary business ethics research of the last 10 years (1997-2006) and discusses potential future research directions in business ethics based on the overview. Using citation and co-citation analysis, this study examined the citation data of journal articles, books, and other publications collected in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), wherein key research themes in business ethics studies in 1997—2006 and correlations between these themes were explored. The results show that major research themes in (...) business ethics have shifted in the last decade from research on ethical decision making and on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate performance to research on stakeholder theory in business ethics and on the relationship between consumer behavior and corporate social responsibility. The results of this study help map the invisible network of knowledge production in business ethics research and provide important insights on future business ethics research. (shrink)
- Young children’s use of statistical sampling evidence to infer the subjectivity of preferences.Lili Ma &Fei Xu -2011 -Cognition 120 (3):403-411.No categories
- Research on the Complexity and Chaos Control about a Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Dual-Channel Recycling and Uncertain Consumer Perception.Junhai Ma,Hao Ren,Miao Yu &Meihong Zhu -2018 -Complexity 2018:1-13.No categories
- Spontaneous emergence of language-like and music-like vocalizations from an artificial protolanguage.Weiyi Ma,Anna Fiveash &William Forde Thompson -2019 -Semiotica 2019 (229):1-23.How did human vocalizations come to acquire meaning in the evolution of our species? Charles Darwin proposed that language and music originated from a common emotional signal system based on the imitation and modification of sounds in nature. This protolanguage is thought to have diverged into two separate systems, with speech prioritizing referential functionality and music prioritizing emotional functionality. However, there has never been an attempt to empirically evaluate the hypothesis that a single communication system can split into two functionally (...) distinct systems that are characterized by music- and languagelike properties. Here, we demonstrate that when referential and emotional functions are introduced into an artificial communication system, that system will diverge into vocalization forms with speech- and music-like properties, respectively. Participants heard novel vocalizations as part of a learning task. Half referred to physical entities and half functioned to communicate emotional states. Participants then reproduced each sound with the defined communicative intention in mind. Each recorded vocalization was used as the input for another participant in a serial reproduction paradigm, and this procedure was iterated to create 15 chains of five participants each. Referential vocalizations were rated as more speech-like, whereas emotional vocalizations were rated as more music-like, and this association was observed cross-culturally. In addition, a stable separation of the acoustic profiles of referential and emotional vocalizations emerged, with some attributes diverging immediately and others diverging gradually across iterations. The findings align with Darwin’s hypothesis and provide insight into the roles of biological and cultural evolution in the divergence of language and music. (shrink)
- Suʼāl al-akhlāq: musāhamah fī al-naqd al-akhlāqī lil-ḥadāthah al-gharbīyah.Ṭāhā ʻAbd al-Raḥmān -2000 - al-Dār al-Bayḍāʼ: al-Markaz al-Thaqāfī al-ʻArabī.No categoriesExport citation
Bookmark - Spoken word recognition in young tone language learners: Age-dependent effects of segmental and suprasegmental variation.Weiyi Ma,Peng Zhou,Leher Singh &Liqun Gao -2017 -Cognition 159 (C):139-155.
- The SINS in Business Negotiations: Explore the Cross-Cultural Differences in Business Ethics Between Canada and China.Zhenzhong Ma -2010 -Journal of Business Ethics 91 (S1):123 - 135.Ethical dilemmas are inescapable components of business negotiations. It is thus important for negotiators to understand the differences in what is ethically appropriate and what is not. This study explores the cross-cultural differences in business ethics between Canada and China by examining the perceived appropriateness of five categories of ethically questionable strategies often used in business negotiations. The results show that the Chinese are more likely to consider it appropriate to use ethically inappropriate negotiation strategies, but the impact of cultural (...) values on ethically inappropriate negotiation strategies is much stronger in Canada than in China when negotiators choose to use these strategies. In addition, there are more gender differences in Canada, where men are more likely to consider it appropriate to use ethically questionable strategies in all five categories than women; while in China no gender differences are found in the perceived appropriateness of using these strategies in all but one category. Implications are also discussed along with potential future research directions. (shrink)
- Where should the line be drawn on insider trading ethics?Yulong Ma &Huey-Lian Sun -1998 -Journal of Business Ethics 17 (1):67-75.Finance ethics have drawn increasing attention from both government regulators and academic researchers. This paper addresses the issue of insider trading ethics. Previous studies on insider trading ethics have failed to provide convincing arguments and consistent results. In particular, the arguments against insider trading are based primarily on moral and philosophical grounds and lack empirical rigor. This study intends to establish and examine the relationship between the ethical issue and economic issue of insider trading. We argue that the ethics of (...) insider trading is in essence an economic rather than a moral issue. It is so far not clear to what extent insider trading may increase or decrease shareholders wealth. Until then, we must take care to avoid over-regulating insider trading. (shrink)
- The Moderating Role of Social Identity and Grit in the Association Between Parental Control and School Adjustment in Chinese Middle School Students.Chunhua Ma,Yongfeng Ma &Xiaoyu Lan -2020 -Frontiers in Psychology 11:526977.Although the proliferation of empirical research has documented the association between parental control and school adjustment, findings of this linkage are still inconclusive. Moreover, fewer efforts have been made to address this association in middle school students. Guided by an ecological framework, the current study aimed to integrate the conflicting findings into a coherent body of knowledge, paying particular attention to two research purposes: (a) to examine the association between parental control and three objective indicators of school adjustment (social competence, (...) academic grades, and peer acceptance) and (b) to explore whether this association was moderated by individual characteristics of social identity and grit. A total of 120 Chinese middle school students (42.5% females) aged between 13 and 15 years old were recruited for this study, and research data were gathered from multiple sources. To be specific, students were asked to complete a set of self-report questionnaires concerning parental control, social identity, and grit. Meanwhile, school-related social competence was rated by head teachers; academic grades were obtained from school records; and peer acceptance was assessed by sociometric nominations. The results from hierarchical regression analyses showed that parental control was negatively associated with academic grades. Moreover, when reporting higher levels of social identity, parental control was negatively related to social competence and peer acceptance for those students with lower levels of grit. Our findings suggest that parental control can dampen middle school students’ academic performance, and low levels of grit can magnify the detrimental effect of parental control on social competence and peer acceptance in middle school students who regard themselves as closely connected to social groups. (shrink)
- The utility of categories-a comparison of rational analyses.Je Corter &Ma Gluck -1990 -Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 28 (6):479-479.Export citation Bookmark
- Ilocano Architecture IV part 2.Ramón Ma Zaragoza -2004 -Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture 8 (3):146-173.
- The Relationship Between Drivers’ Cognitive Fatigue and Speed Variability During Monotonous Daytime Driving.Jinfei Ma,Jiaqi Gu,Huibin Jia,Zhuye Yao &Ruosong Chang -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9.
- 21% versus 79%: Explaining philosophy’s gender disparities with stereotyping and identification.Debbie Ma,Clennie Webster,Nanae Tachibe &Robert Gressis -2018 -Philosophical Psychology 31 (1):68-88.This study tests the hypothesis that the perception of philosophy as a male-oriented discipline contributes to the pronounced gender disparity within the field. To assess the hypothesis, we determined the extent to which individuals view philosophy as masculine, and whether individual differences in this correspond with greater identification with philosophy. We also tested whether identification with philosophy correlated to interest in it. We discovered, first, that the more women view philosophy as masculine, the less they identify with it, and second, (...) that the less women identify with philosophy, the less they want to major in it. Interestingly, this result does not hold for men—their viewing philosophy as masculine does not correspond to their identification with it, nor does it correlate with their likelihood of majoring in it. We also discovered that the typical student does not have a preconceived notion of philosophy as masculine; this suggests that they come to view philosophy as masculine the more they do it, which in turn supports the possibility that teaching the discipline differently may prevent students from conceiving of philosophy as masculine, thus allowing a path to reducing the gender disparity. (shrink)
- The role of qualitative research in broadening the 'evidence base' for clinical practice.Rosaline S. Barbour Ma -2000 -Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 6 (2):155-163.
- Sex Robots: Are We Ready for Them? An Exploration of the Psychological Mechanisms Underlying People’s Receptiveness of Sex Robots.Junzhao Ma,Dewi Tojib &Yelena Tsarenko -2022 -Journal of Business Ethics 178 (4):1091-1107.Artificial Intelligence -powered products have started to permeate various spheres of our lives. One of the most controversial of such products is the sex robot, an application of the AI-integrated robotic technology in the domain of human sexual gratification. The aim of this research is to understand the general public’s receptiveness towards this controversial new invention. Drawing upon the social intuitionist model, we find that the fear of AI, emblematic of the broader anxiety of technology’s encroachment on the human sphere, (...) shapes the public’s receptiveness to sex robots. Perceived substitutability of sex robots for human-to-human sexual interactions mediates this relationship. Religiosity is found to moderate this mediated relationship. Our findings are first established with a cross-sectional study. A “big data” field study further validates them. The present research is one of the first empirical studies to examine the underlying psychology of the public’s receptiveness to sex robots. By doing so, we aim to provide relevant government and industry bodies with a better understanding of this important topic for more informed policy making, and to raise awareness of the significant social and ethical implications should sex robots become widely accepted and adopted. (shrink)
- Michalos. Alex. 1990. The im tr-.Ann-Ma Sellerberg -1993 -Hypatia 8 (1).No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Perspectivas sobre la política criminal moderna.Jesâus Ma Silva -1998 - Buenos Aires: Abaco.
- Rethinking Chekhov's work in modern Chinese productions.Zihan Ma -2022 -Философия И Культура 7:76-86.This article is devoted to the consideration of a number of stage projects by Chinese directors, in which the work of the writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov is reinterpreted. Analysis of such productions and projects as the international drama festival "Chekhov Forever" in 2004, a hybrid work based on Chekhov's story "Three Sisters" and Beckett's novel "Waiting for Godot" by Lin Zhaohua in 1998 and 2018, a double performance by Stan Lai based on the works "I take You by the Hand" (...) by Carol Rocamora and "The Seagull" Chekhov 2014, etc. It allows us to trace innovative approaches to reading Chekhov's works in the context of the life of modern Chinese society. These works cause a great resonance not only in the professional environment, but also among the mass audience, who invariably penetrates the depth of Chekhov's images, the subtlest shades of emotional experiences; the Chinese audience finds themselves close to the problems, hopes and aspirations of the heroes, brilliantly transferred to the actual socio-cultural environment of China, always topical and recognizable. The scientific novelty of the article is connected with the fact that the nature of mastering the creativity of the Russian playwright in the theater of the East is a fairly new and at the same time promising topic for research. The conclusions and results of the study can become the basis for further studies of the specifics of the adaptation of foreign dramaturgy in the national theatrical tradition on the example of other countries and regions. (shrink)No categories
- The Influence of the Consumer Ethnocentrism and Cultural Familiarity on Brand Preference: Evidence of Event-Related Potential (ERP).Qingguo Ma,H’Meidatt Mohamed Abdeljelil &Linfeng Hu -2019 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13:439776.The tendency of customers’ preference to their local brands over the foreign ones is known as the consumer ethnocentrism, and it is one of the important issues in international marketing. This study aims at identifying the behavioral and neural correlates of Consumer Ethnocentrism in the field of brand preference by using Event-Related Potential (ERP). We sampled subjects from two ethnic groups, the Chinese ethnic group and the sub-Sahara black Africans group from the Zhejiang University. The subjects faced two sequential stimuli, (...) S1 followed by S2. The S1 consisted of 40 pictures of 20 Chinese and 20 Africans black peoples wearing traditional clothes, and S2 consisted of 40 fake brand-logos which were divided randomly into two groups of 20 each. The subjects were informed that the people in the S1 purchased and recommended the products with the brand-logos presented in S2, and the subjects were asked to rate their preference degree toward these logos. The brand-logos were called the “in-group recommended logos” if the recommender in S1 were the same race as the subjects, otherwise, the “out-group recommended logos”.The results revealed that the race of the brand-logo recommender highly impacted the Chinese subjects’ preference for the brand-logos. The N200 component elicited by in-group recommended logos were significantly lower than those elicited by out-group recommended logos. Besides, there was evidence that being familiar with foreign cultures reduces consumer ethnocentrism. The African subjects were familiar with Chinese people and adopted Chinese culture, as a result, they did not differ in showing preferences between in-group and out-group recommended logos. (shrink)
- The Relationship Between the Nien Army and the White Lotus Society.Ma Ch'ang-hua -1980 -Chinese Studies in History 13 (3):41-51.
- Generic script representation.Pk Dunay &Ma Mcdaniel -1986 -Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 24 (5):336-336.Export citation Bookmark
- Developing and validating an instrument measuring school leadership.Jianping Shen,Xin Ma,Xingyuan Gao,Louann Bierlien Palmer,Sue Poppink,Walter Burt,Robert Leneway,Dennis McCrumb,Charles Pearson,Mark Rainey,Patricia Reeves &Gary Wegenke -2018 -Educational Studies 45 (4):402-421.In this study, we developed and validated an instrument that researchers can use to measure the collective effort of principals and teachers who excise their own unique leadership to genera...No categories
- Zápas o vedeckotechnickú revolúciu.Rudolf Šíma -1977 - Bratislava: Obzor.Export citation Bookmark
- Periodismo, publicidad, cine, comunicación audiovisual y relaciones públicas: iconos para un lenguaje democrático: un enfoque interdisciplinar para el aprendizaje de los estudios superiores.Ma Nieves García -2008 - Madrid: Editorial Fragua.
- LA UnIveRSIdAd de SALAMAncA y eL cOntROL de LA teOLOGíA A tRAvéS de LA SUMMA (SIGLOS XvI-XvII).Cf Ma Pena González -2010 -Salmanticensis 57:53-84.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Santa Clara en el arte de Galicia y León.Ma Gonzalez Garcia -1994 -Verdad y Vida 52 (207-08):649-666.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Fundamentals of Paurāṇika Hinduism.Śrīrāma Goyala -2009 - Jodhpur: Kusumanjali Book World.Export citation Bookmark
- Ethical problems caused by the use of informatics in medicine.Ma Nevado Llandres -unknownExport citation Bookmark
- The Relationship of Mobile Telephony to Job Mobility in China’s Pearl River Delta.Raymond Ngan &Stephen Ma -2008 -Knowledge, Technology & Policy 21 (2):55-63.No categories
- Revisiting the Exchange between Zhuangzi and Huizi on Qing.Lin Ma &Jaap van Brakel -2021 -Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 20 (1):133-148.In this article we focus on the famous dialogue between Zhuangzi 莊子 and Huizi 惠子 concerning the question whether or not ren 人 (in particular the shengren 聖人) have qing 情. Most scholars have understood qing in this exchange as referring to “feelings” or “emotions.” We take issue with such readings. First, we demonstrate that, while Huizi probably understands qing as something like feelings or emotions, Zhuangzi’s view is that having qing is connected with making shifei 是非 judgments whereas having (...) no qing means that shifei has no grip on those ren, especially the shengren. What follows is that the expression wuqing 無情 should not be identified as a “doctrine of nonemotion.” Instead, wuqing implies that Zhuangzi advises us to lead a life of tranquility, calmness, and stillness. We show that these peaceful attitudes are associated with the idea of wuwei 無為 in the Zhuangzi. (shrink)
- Thinking through Heidegger’s “Untergang”☆.Lin Ma -2021 -Philosophical Forum 52 (1):65-78.The Philosophical Forum, Volume 52, Issue 1, Page 65-78, Spring 2021.
- John Rawls, una concepción política y liberal de la justicia.González Altable &Ma Pilar -1993 - [La Coruña?]: Editorial Novo Século.
- Āfāq al-infitāḥ ʻalá mashrūʻ Ṭāhā ʻAbd al-Raḥmān fī tajdīd al-fikr al-falsafī wa-taʼsīs ʻulūm ijtimāʻīyah badīlah.Nūrah Bū Ḥannāsh,Ṭāhā ʻAbd al-Raḥmān &ʻAbd al-Razzāq Balʻaqrūz (eds.) -2020 - al-Rabāṭ: Dār Nashr al-Maʻrifah lil-Nashr wa-al-Tawzīʻ.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Benefits and Difficulties of the National Service Training Program in Rizal Technological University.Leonila C. Crisostomo,Ma Teresa G. Generales &Amelita L. de Guzman -2016 -International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 72:54-62.Source: Author: Leonila C. Crisostomo, Ma. Teresa G. Generales, Amelita L. de Guzman The primary purpose of this study is to ascertain the benefits of the National Service Training Program implementation and to identify the problems encountered by its implementers. Results showed that the benefits derived from the program were topped by enhancement of skills on basic leadership with emphases on the ability to listen and ability to communicate which were rated very important and very much benefited among other training (...) aspects of the program. Results also revealed that students are aware of the importance of physical, mental and social health as well as the observance of proper hygiene for overall sense of well-being. Although recreation is one aspect that the respondents find important, appreciation of it underscores the need to have more time for assignments and projects as most of the respondents are enrolled in their respective courses with 29 units, making them unable to appreciate the perks of involving themselves into various recreational activities. Problems in the implementation showed lack of provision of materials and equipment and of budgetary allocation which rendered full implementation weak as students and faculty involved in the community immersion have to rely on their own resources, in addition to the indifference and passivity of the local government officials. Based on the findings, the researchers recommended that: the school administrators need to allocate adequate budget for materials and equipment; periodic faculty development trainings and; to look into the passive attitude of the local officials to ensure that implementation NSTP projects will benefit both clients and implementers. ]]>. (shrink)
- Araciyalil putuner̲i.Ma RāPō Kurucāmi -1971No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Does interpersonal behavior of psychotherapy trainees differ in private and professional relationships?Janna I. Fincke,Heidi Mã¶Ller &Svenja Taubner -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6.
- Trade, Commerce and Masterplans III part 2.Ramón Ma Zaragoza -2004 -Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture 8 (3):93-117.
- Velez Family of Guagua.Ramón Ma Zaragoza -2006 -Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture 10 (2):16-31.
- She hui zhu yi bian zheng fa yan jiu.Wenru Zhang &Jihua Ma (eds.) -1992 - Beijing: Xin hua shu dian Beijing fa xing suo fa xing.本书从事物演化的总体上把握社会主义社会这一特定对象的特殊逻辑,揭示出社会主义社会发展的规律、矛盾、动力及本质性的特点,同时又分别从政治、经济、文化、人、阶段及外部环境等各个侧面探索其各领域的独特规律。 .
- Truth-telling, and ethical considerations in terminal care: an Eastern perspective.Qing Ma,Yi Wu &Ronghua Fang -forthcoming -Nursing Ethics.Truth-telling for terminally ill patients is a challenging ethical and social issue for Chinese health care professionals. However, despite the existence of ethical and moral standards for nurses, they frequently encounter moral dilemmas when making decisions about truth-telling to patients with end-stage diseases in China. This article aims to provide ethical strategies for clinical nurses in China regarding truth-telling decisions for terminally ill patients on the basis of their individual autonomy. This article first presents a common case scenario in China (...) and then critically discusses ethical issues related to ethical principles and philosophical theories. The aim is to provide the much needed strategy for truth-telling for nurses who are terminally ill rather than to focus on attitudes toward disclosure. This article focuses on nursing morality, ethics, norms, and philosophy in health care and discusses countermeasures taken by nurses in truth-telling decision-making in combination with Chinese Confucian culture. The analysis identifies key ethical strategies tailored to Chinese nurses’ practices, emphasizing individual autonomy, cultural sensitivity, and family dynamics in truth-telling decisions. The complexity of end-of-life illness requires Chinese nurses to strengthen the communication training needed to deliver bad news, as well as critical and autonomous thinking and good communication skills when implementing patient- and family-centered care, to achieve true delivery of bad news, thereby increasing patient autonomy and promoting more successful collaboration among patients, families, and providers. To improve the quality of care. Chinese nurses should integrate ethical principles with Confucian values to enhance patient-centered communication, respecting autonomy while adapting to cultural nuances in end-of-life care. (shrink)
- Toward an Ethics of AI Belief.Winnie Ma &Vincent Valton -2024 -Philosophy and Technology 37 (3):1-28.In this paper we, an epistemologist and a machine learning scientist, argue that we need to pursue a novel area of philosophical research in AI – the ethics of belief for AI. Here we take the ethics of belief to refer to a field at the intersection of epistemology and ethics concerned with possible moral, practical, and other non-truth-related dimensions of belief. In this paper we will primarily be concerned with the normative question within the ethics of belief regarding what (...) agents – both human and artificial – ought to believe, rather than with questions concerning whether beliefs meet certain evaluative standards such as being true, being justified, constituting knowledge, etc. We suggest four topics in extant work in the ethics of (human) belief that can be applied to an ethics of AI belief: doxastic wronging by AI (morally wronging someone in virtue of beliefs held about them); morally owed beliefs (beliefs that agents are morally obligated to hold); pragmatic and moral encroachment (cases where the practical or moral features of a belief is relevant to its epistemic status, and in our case specifically to whether an agent ought to hold the belief); and moral responsibility for AI beliefs. We also indicate two relatively nascent areas of philosophical research that haven’t yet been generally recognized as ethics of AI belief research, but that do fall within this field of research in virtue of investigating various moral and practical dimensions of belief: the epistemic and ethical decolonization of AI; and epistemic injustice in AI. (shrink)No categories
- Traditional Inference and Its Versions in the Combined Calculus.Lei Ma -2015 -Philosophical Forum 46 (2):155-174.
- Distribution of Large-Scale English Test Scores Based on Data Mining.Na Chu &Wanzhi Ma -2021 -Complexity 2021:1-10.Data mining technology is an effective knowledge mining and data relationship induction technology based on massive data, which is widely used in data analysis in many fields. In order to improve the utilization effect of students’ performance and meet the teaching needs of modern education, data mining technology can be applied to the existing performance database to mine the data information and treatment. Data mining technology is used to analyse and process the data stored in the student achievement management system, (...) which provides the basis for improving the teaching quality and optimizing the teaching resources. Based on the analysis of the relevant data of large-scale English test results, this paper finds out the relevant rules that affect college English test results, forms the corresponding performance prediction rules, uses data mining technology to more comprehensively analyse the factors that affect students’ performance, establishes a model, and uses data mining tools to mine and analyse students’ English test data. It is of great practical significance to select the model with high accuracy, further optimize the parameters, make good use of the data, and then take targeted measures to guide the teaching reform, help students make more efficient learning plans, and improve and perfect the existing problems in teaching. (shrink)
- Haṭhayogapradīpikā. Svātmārāma -1962 - Edited by Brahmn̄anda & Mihiracandra.Export citation Bookmark
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
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