Results for 'Lisa Hinton'
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- Public involvement in the governance of population-level biomedical research: unresolved questions and future directions.Sonja Erikainen,Phoebe Friesen,Leah Rand,Karin Jongsma,Michael Dunn,Annie Sorbie,Matthew McCoy,Jessica Bell,Michael Burgess,Haidan Chen,Vicky Chico,Sarah Cunningham-Burley,Julie Darbyshire,Rebecca Dawson,Andrew Evans,Nick Fahy,Teresa Finlay,Lucy Frith,Aaron Goldenberg,LisaHinton,Nils Hoppe,Nigel Hughes,Barbara Koenig,Sapfo Lignou,Michelle McGowan,Michael Parker,Barbara Prainsack,Mahsa Shabani,Ciara Staunton,Rachel Thompson,Kinga Varnai,Effy Vayena,Oli Williams,Max Williamson,Sarah Chan &Mark Sheehan -2021 -Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (7):522-525.Population-level biomedical research offers new opportunities to improve population health, but also raises new challenges to traditional systems of research governance and ethical oversight. Partly in response to these challenges, various models of public involvement in research are being introduced. Yet, the ways in which public involvement should meet governance challenges are not well understood. We conducted a qualitative study with 36 experts and stakeholders using the World Café method to identify key governance challenges and explore how public involvement can (...) meet these challenges. This brief report discusses four cross-cutting themes from the study: the need to move beyond individual consent; issues in benefit and data sharing; the challenge of delineating and understanding publics; and the goal of clarifying justifications for public involvement. The report aims to provide a starting point for making sense of the relationship between public involvement and the governance of population-level biomedical research, showing connections, potential solutions and issues arising at their intersection. We suggest that, in population-level biomedical research, there is a pressing need for a shift away from conventional governance frameworks focused on the individual and towards a focus on collectives, as well as to foreground ethical issues around social justice and develop ways to address cultural diversity, value pluralism and competing stakeholder interests. There are many unresolved questions around how this shift could be realised, but these unresolved questions should form the basis for developing justificatory accounts and frameworks for suitable collective models of public involvement in population-level biomedical research governance. (shrink)
- Speeding Up Slow Deaths: Medical Sovereignty circa 2005.Lisa Diedrich -2011 -Mediatropes 3 (1):1-22.In this essay, I take up the question of the time of medicine in relation to two events in the U.S. from 2005—the Terri Schiavo case and Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath. I consider both cases as “mediatized medical events,” that is, as events in which the practices of medicine received considerable media attention at a particular historical moment; or, we might say, as events that brought a convergence between media and medical practices. I juxtapose these two events because, placed (...) side by side, they help make visible two stories of catastrophe, as well as the many difficulties of telling stories of catastrophe. Bringing together these seemingly divergent events allows me to draw connections that I hope will expand our bioethical imaginary beyond the reductive approaches that tend to dominate the practice of bioethics today. I also juxtapose them to signal a bioethical tension at the heart of the neoliberal state’s response to catastrophe in general, what Foucault might have diagnosed as the difference between making live and letting die. In these two events, we glimpsed—if only fleetingly—the state’s operation of making live and letting die, and medicine’s central role in that operation, as well as the re-assertion of medical sovereignty in crisis events. (shrink)
- Jim Knopf, Gonzo und andere Aufreger: Zur Analyse und Kritik engagierter Pädagogiken.Lisa Dillinger,Johannes Drerup,Phillip D. Th Knobloch &Jürgen Nielsen-Sikora (eds.) -2023 - Springer Berlin Heidelberg.In bildungspolitischen Diskussionen melden sich aktuell immer mehr Vertreter*innen politisch ambitionierter Pädagogiken zu Wort, die die pädagogische Nutzung ganz unterschiedlicher Kulturprodukte kritisieren, indem sie diese als Ausdruck von Rassismus, Sexismus, Kolonialismus oder Klassismus deuten. Bei solchen politisch und pädagogisch umkämpften Kulturprodukten handelt es sich beispielsweise um Kinderspielzeug, Dreadlocks oder Schokoladenverpackungen, um Kunstwerke, Fernsehserien, Gedichte und um Bücher. In dem Band werden diese engagierte Pädagogiken, die pädagogische und politische Vorgaben für den angemessenen und richtigen Umgang mit Kulturprodukten machen, anhand von Beispielen (...) - vom Kinderbuch 'Jim Knopf ́ bis hin zu 'Gonzo' aus der Muppetshow - aus der gebotenen Distanz analysiert und auf den Prüfstand gestellt. (shrink)No categories
- Minnesota and the" Populism" of Political Opposition.Lisa Jane Disch -1999 -Theory and Event 3 (2).
- Bewonen.Lisa Doeland -2024 -Wijsgerig Perspectief 64 (2):42-44.Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.No categories
- De voddenraper.Lisa Doeland -2022 -Wijsgerig Perspectief 62 (2):44-46.Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.No categories
- Euforie in een postsorteercentrum.Lisa Doeland -2023 -Wijsgerig Perspectief 63 (3):44-46.Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.No categories
- Laatste en eerste dingen.Lisa Doeland -2024 -Wijsgerig Perspectief 64 (3):44-46.Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.No categories
- Niet-leven geven.Lisa Doeland -2024 -Wijsgerig Perspectief 64 (1):44-46.Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.No categories
- Ondergronds.Lisa Doeland &Dennis Hamer -2022 -Wijsgerig Perspectief 62 (4):4-5.Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.No categories
- Are body and extension the same thing? : Locke versus Descartes (versus More).Lisa Downing -2018 - In Philippe Hamou & Martine Pécharman,Locke and Cartesian Philosophy. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
- An Interview with Ada María Isasi-Díaz.Lisa Isherwood -2011 -Feminist Theology 20 (1):8-17.In this exclusive Interview Ada María Isasi-Díaz responds to questions about her work in theology, and the social and political challenges for Mujerista Theology in the first half of the twenty-first century. She discusses some of the biggest shifts in theology since she first engaged with it, and the challenges of growing ‘a Hispanic garden in a foreign land.’ A focus of the interview is Mujerista Theology and how it has developed over the last 20 years and is adapting for (...) the future. (shrink)No categories
- Asphodel Long.Lisa Isherwood -2002 -Feminist Theology 11 (1):9-9.No categories
- Indecent Theology: What F-ing Difference Does It Make?Lisa Isherwood -2003 -Feminist Theology 11 (2):141-147.This article is a response by a body theologian to Indecent Theology written by Marcella Althaus-Reid. The author takes Eve Ensler as a companion in a journey which attempts to spit out phallocentric meaning and engage with wicked and wordy cunning linguists as they move towards more honest telling-theology from the body. The author examines the divine masquerade, which is encouraged by some Christian theology and calls for a stripping away of such pretence and an acknowledgement of what play we (...) are actually engaged in so that we may come closer to what it is we are attempting to express about the divine. (shrink)No categories
- The Ethic of Joy.Lisa Isherwood -1993 -Feminist Theology 2 (4):111-114.No categories
- Death and Other Penalties: Philosophy in a Time of Mass Incarceration.Lisa Guenther,Geoffrey Adelsberg &Scott Zeman (eds.) -2015 - Fordham UP.Motivated by a conviction that mass incarceration and state execution are among the most important ethical and political problems of our time, the contributors to this volume come together from a diverse range of backgrounds to analyze, critique, and envision alternatives to the injustices of the U.S. prison system, with recourse to deconstruction, phenomenology, critical race theory, feminism, queer theory, and disability studies. They engage with the hyper-incarceration of people of color, the incomplete abolition of slavery, the exploitation of prisoners (...) as workers and as "raw material" for the prison industrial complex, the intensive confinement of prisoners in supermax units, and the complexities of capital punishment in an age of abolition. -/- Contents -/- Introduction: Death and Other Penalties Geoffrey Adelsberg,Lisa Guenther, and Scott Zeman -/- Part I. Legacies of Slavery -/- Excavating the Sedimentations of Slavery: The Unfinished Project of American Abolition Brady Heiner -/- From Commodity Fetishism to Prison Fetishism: Slavery, Convict-leasing, and the Ideological Productions of Incarceration James Manos -/- Maroon Philosophy: An Interview with Russell Maroon Shoatz Russell Maroon Shoatz -/- Part II. Death Penalties -/- In Reality-from the Row Derrick Quintero -/- Inheritances of the Death Penalty: American Racism and Derrida's Theologico-Political Sovereignty Geoffrey Adelsberg -/- Making Death a Penalty: Or, Making "Good" Death a "Good" Penalty Kelly Oliver -/- Death Penalty Abolition in Neoliberal Times: The SAFE California Act and the Nexus of Savings and Security Andrew Dilts -/- On the Inviolability of Human Life Julia Kristeva (translated byLisa Walsh) -/- Part III. Rethinking Power and Responsibility -/- Punishment, Desert, and Equality: A Levinasian Analysis Benjamin S. Yost -/- Prisons and Palliative Politics Ami Harbin -/- Sovereignty, Community, and the Incarceration of Immigrants Matt S. Whitt -/- Without the Right to Exist: Mass Incarceration and National Security Andrea Smith -/- Prison Abolition and a Culture of Sexual Difference Sarah Tyson -/- Part IV. Isolation and Resistance -/- Statement on Solitary Confinement Abu Ali Abdur'Rahman -/- The Violence of the Supermax: Toward a Phenomenological Aesthetics of Prison Space Adrian Switzer -/- Prison and the Subject of Resistance: A Levinasian Inquiry Shokoufeh Sakhi -/- Critical Theory, Queer Resistance, and the Ends of Capture Liat Ben-Moshe, Che Gossett, Nick Mitchell, and Eric A. Stanley. (shrink)
- Gender in der US-amerikanischen Präsidentschaftswahl 2016: Clintons Feminität in den TV-Debatten als strategisches Mittel und Angriffspunkt.Lisa Marie Simmack -2024 - Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.In einer stark männlich geprägten US-amerikanischen Politik trat Hillary Clinton 2016 als erste aussichtsreiche weibliche Präsidentschaftskandidatin an. Ihr Gegenkandidat Donald Trump nahm dies zum Anlass, im Wahlkampf wiederholt mit diffamierenden, oft sexistischen Kommentaren auf sich aufmerksam zu machen. Gender und konkret Hillary Clintons Feminität rückten damit in den Vordergrund des polarisierenden und feindseligen Wahlkampfes. Clinton stand in drei TV-Duellen ihrem Kontrahenten gegenüber und versuchte, die Bürger*innen von ihren Kompetenzen als Frau für das höchste politische Amt der USA zu überzeugen. Studien (...) zu Wahlverhalten zeigen, dass die Entscheidung der Wähler*innen am Tag der Wahl nicht bloß davon abhängt, welche Argumente und Positionen die Politiker*innen in den Debatten anführen und vertreten. TV-Duelle nehmen verstärkt eine zentrale Rolle für den Ausgang der Wahlen ein. Dieses Buch analysiert den Genderaspekt (konkret Clintons Feminität) in den drei TV-Debatten und untersucht, inwiefern Clintons Weiblichkeit von Trump als Nachteil dargestellt, von Clinton selbst jedoch als Vorteil genutzt wurde, um rhetorisch zu punkten. Hierzu werden die Debatten- und Kommunikationsstrategien der beiden Politiker*innen systematisch analysiert. Die AutorinLisa Marie Simmack absolvierte ihren Master of Arts in Politikwissenschaft an der Leibniz Universität Hannover. Sie arbeitet als Journalistin im Norddeutschen Rundfunk im Landesfunkhaus Niedersachsen. (shrink)No categories
- “I Know I Am, but What Are You?” Paul Thompson on the Ethical Irrelevance of Dietetics.Lisa Heldke -2023 - In Samantha Noll & Zachary Piso,Paul B. Thompson's Philosophy of Agriculture: Fields, Farmers, Forks, and Food. Springer Verlag. pp. 173-184.This essay addresses Paul Thompson’s claim (made in two pieces separated by 20 years) that “you are not what you eat”; that is, that dietetics is not an ethical matter. I issue a series of challenges to Thompson’s position, all of which have a common underpinning, namely that his critiques of dietetics sound more like the sort I’d expect from an analytic philosopher than from a pragmatist. They are rooted not only in a tightly drawn (if widely philosophically accepted) definition (...) of ethics, but also in a very tightly drawn definition of diet, a definition that doesn’t take much account of context. That the stream from producer to consumer is continuous argues for not forgetting that eating is one link in a chain of activities—a link that literally cannot exist without those that come before it. Resting on this common underpinning are three specific complaints. The first two address what I take to be his implicit definitions of eating and of personhood, challenging his claims that it is possible in principle to separate self-regarding from other-regarding claims, and that purely self-regarding claims are not ethically relevant. The third pushes back on the matter of whether ethics must concern itself all and only with actions that have an impact on others. (shrink)
- COLUMBARIA. D. Borbonus Columbarium Tombs and Collective Identity in Augustan Rome. Pp. xvi + 294, figs, ills, maps. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Cased, £65, US$99. ISBN: 978-1-107-03140-1. [REVIEW]Lisa A. Hughes -2016 -The Classical Review 66 (1):259-261.
- Book Reviews : Green, M, Celtic Goddesses Warriors, Virgins and Mothers (London: British Museum Press, 1995), pp 220 £20 00 ISBN 071412303. [REVIEW]Lisa Isherwood -1997 -Feminist Theology 6 (16):124-125.No categories
- Book Reviews : Schüssler Fiorenza, Elisabeth (ed.), Searching the Scriptures: A Feminist Introduction, I (London: SCM Press, 1994), £17.50, ISBN 0-334-02556-7, pp. 397. [REVIEW]Lisa Isherwood -1995 -Feminist Theology 3 (8):122-122.No categories
- Book Reviews : Isasi-Díaz, Ada Maria, and Yolanda Tarango, Hispanic Women: Prophetic Voice in the Church (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1992), ISBN 0-8006-2611-7. [REVIEW]Lisa Isherwood -1995 -Feminist Theology 3 (8):122-123.No categories
- Book Review: A Reader in Latina Feminist Theology: Religion and Justice. [REVIEW]Lisa Isherwood -2006 -Feminist Theology 15 (1):133-133.
- Book Review: Queering Christ: Beyond Jesus Acted Up. [REVIEW]Lisa Isherwood -2006 -Feminist Theology 15 (1):131-131.No categories
- Book Review: Reading the Magnificat in Australia: Unsettling Engagements. [REVIEW]Lisa Isherwood -2021 -Feminist Theology 30 (1):121-122.No categories
- (1 other version)Chapters on the Art of Thinking, and Other Essays, Ed. By C.H.Hinton.JamesHinton -1879No categoriesExport citation
Bookmark - Man and His Dwelling Place, an Essay [by J.Hinton].JamesHinton -1859Export citation Bookmark
- Philosophy and Religion Selections From the Manuscripts of the Late JamesHinton.JamesHinton &Caroline Haddon -1881 - K. Paul, Trench & Co.Export citation Bookmark
- Lisa’s Story.Lisa P. Patient) &Jeanne Kerwin -2024 -Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 14 (1):7-10.In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Lisa’s StoryLisa P. (wife of patient) and Jeanne KerwinMy husband suffered from sudden onset of heart failure with a very low ejection fraction and was on IV Milrinone at the age of 47. One of the most powerful things he told me was that he was not afraid to die and therefore did not want to move forward with Milrinone. He eventually “did it for the kids.” After (...) the Milrinone drip was no longer working, he was offered an LVAD (left ventricular assist device) to keep him alive. He refused, but the doctor again convinced him to “do it for your kids” and said, “we put these devices in 80-year-olds.” He did not have time to explore any other options and reluctantly accepted the LVAD. It was implanted in May of 2014 in a very long and complicated surgery with a long and difficult recovery. He was in the hospital for a long time, and then he refused to go to rehab upon discharge, making it difficult for our family to manage, as he was extremely weak and needed care of his wound dressing. He worried about the financial [End Page 7] impact of a heart transplant and the medications required, as we were already struggling with the medical bills. He refused to have more surgery with the potential complications and never agreed to get on the transplant waiting list.After the implanted LVAD, my husband was not able to do most of what he loved in life. He couldn’t work (he was a truck driver), he couldn’t go fishing or swimming in the ocean, he couldn’t go hunting and fishing, and his overall physical condition was so poor that he couldn’t cook, garden and, most aggravating to him, he could not take a regular hot shower. The LVAD had to be covered with plastic in order to avoid getting the drive-line area wet, so bathing was a complicated process. He had trouble with stairs, had neuropathic pain in his legs from diabetes, and because of the pain medications, he felt cloudy and dizzy and slept most of the day in his recliner. I took care of him, even after I had to go back to work, and at the same time, I managed our two children (ages 9 and 12 at the time of LVAD).After almost two years of living with the LVAD, multiple hospitalizations for GI bleeds then seizures, more medications, and weekly blood draws for INR1, my husband requested that the LVAD be de-activated and that he be allowed to die of his heart failure. He described his life as “miserable.” He watched as his misery impacted his children and me. He suffered daily and had none of the joys that made life worth living for him. When we approached the cardiac team that implanted and monitored his LVAD with his request, they said “no.” They would not de-activate the LVAD because it was working. It was keeping him alive and he had no other terminal illness. His palliative doctor, who was treating his pain, also heard his request and told us to call for an “ethics consult” to determine if he would be “allowed” to have the LVAD de-activated. We got the number and called on March 31, 2016.At the time of the call to Ethics, we had no idea what “Ethics” was, other than a general definition of the word ethics as in professional behaviors and such. We did not know what to expect but we called. We would never have known to call “Ethics” if the palliative doctor had not advised us to do so, and my husband might have suffered a longer, more painful life both mentally and physically prolonged by the LVAD.We explained the request to the ethics consultant. She listened to my husband describe his daily living and his dissatisfaction with the quality of his life, his physical and emotional suffering, and his wish to rid himself of the LVAD and allow nature to take its course. There was actually no decision to be made on his part. He had already made up... (shrink)No categories
- How persuasive is AI-generated argumentation? An analysis of the quality of an argumentative text produced by the GPT-3 AI text generator.MartinHinton &Jean H. M. Wagemans -2023 -Argument and Computation 14 (1):59-74.In this paper, we use a pseudo-algorithmic procedure for assessing an AI-generated text. We apply the Comprehensive Assessment Procedure for Natural Argumentation (CAPNA) in evaluating the arguments produced by an Artificial Intelligence text generator, GPT-3, in an opinion piece written for the Guardian newspaper. The CAPNA examines instances of argumentation in three aspects: their Process, Reasoning and Expression. Initial Analysis is conducted using the Argument Type Identification Procedure (ATIP) to establish, firstly, that an argument is present and, secondly, its specific (...) type in terms of the argument classification framework of the Periodic Table of Arguments (PTA). Procedural Questions are then used to test the acceptability of the argument in each of the three aspects. The analysis shows that while the arguments put forward by the AI text generator are varied in terms of their type and follow familiar patterns of human reasoning, they contain obvious weaknesses. From this we can conclude that the automated generation of persuasive, well-reasoned argumentation is a far more difficult task than the generation of meaningful language, and that if AI systems producing arguments are to be persuasive, they require a method of checking the plausibility of their own output. (shrink)
- Corpus Linguistics Methods in the Study of (Meta)Argumentation.MartinHinton -2020 -Argumentation 35 (3):435-455.As more and more sophisticated software is created to allow the mining of arguments from natural language texts, this paper sets out to examine the suitability of the well-established and readily available methods of corpus linguistics to the study of argumentation. After brief introductions to corpus linguistics and the concept of meta-argument, I describe three pilot-studies into the use of the terms Straw man, Ad hominem, and Slippery slope, made using the open access News on the Web corpus. The presence (...) of each of these phrases on internet news sites was investigated and assessed for correspondence to the norms of use by argumentation theorists. All three pilot-studies revealed interesting facts about the usage of the terms by non-specialists, and led to numerous examples of the types of arguments mentioned. This suggests such corpora may be of use in two different ways: firstly, the wider project of improving public debate and educating the populace in the skills of critical thinking can only be helped by a better understanding of the current state of knowledge of the technical terms and concepts of argumentation. Secondly, theorists could obtain a more accurate picture of how arguments are used, by whom, and to what reception, allowing claims on such matters to be evidence, rather than intuition, based. (shrink)
- Visual experiences.JohnHinton -1967 -Mind 76 (April):217-227.
- Experiences: An Inquiry Into Some Ambiguities.John MichaelHinton -1973 - Oxford, GB: Oxford: Clarendon Press.Someone who has more sympathy with traditional empiricism than with much of present-day philosophy may ask himself: 'How do my experiences give rise to my beliefs about an external world, and to what extent do they justify them?' He wants to refer, among other things, to unremarkable experiences, of a sort which he cannot help believing to be so extremely common that it would be ridiculous to call them common experiences. He mainly has in mind sense-experiences, and he thinks of (...) them in a particular way. His way of thinking of them, roughly speaking as something 'inner', is one on which recent logico-linguistic philosophy has thrown a good deal of light. The relevant special notion of an experience contrasts, among other things, with a certain more general biographical notion of an experience, which some dictionaries indicate by the definition, 'an event of which one is the subject'. This book explores the concept of experiences, focusing on the disjunctions between perception and illusion. (shrink)
- (1 other version)Experiences.J. M.Hinton -1967 -Philosophical Quarterly 17 (66):1-13.
- Connectionist learning procedures.Geoffrey E.Hinton -1989 -Artificial Intelligence 40 (1-3):185-234.
- Kuenzle, Dominique (2018). John Stuart Mill: "Pleasure" in the Laws of Psychology and the Principle of Morals. In: Shapiro,Lisa. Pleasure: a history. New York: Oxford University Press, 201-231.Lisa Shapiro (ed.) -2018 - Oxford University Press.Export citation Bookmark
- Lesioning an attractor network: Investigations of acquired dyslexia.Geoffrey E.Hinton &Tim Shallice -1991 -Psychological Review 98 (1):74-95.No categories
- Evaluating Reasoning in Natural Arguments: A Procedural Approach.MartinHinton &Jean H. M. Wagemans -2021 -Argumentation 36 (1):61-84.In this paper, we formulate a procedure for assessing reasoning as it is expressed in natural arguments. The procedure is a specification of one of the three aspects of argumentation assessment distinguished in the Comprehensive Assessment Procedure for Natural Argumentation that makes use of the argument categorisation framework of the Periodic Table of Arguments. The theoretical framework and practical application of both the CAPNA and the PTA are described, as well as the evaluation procedure that combines the two. The procedure (...) is illustrated through an evaluation of the reasoning of two example arguments from a recently published text. (shrink)No categories
- Must Egalitarians Choose Between Fairness and Respect?TimothyHinton -2001 -Philosophy and Public Affairs 30 (1):72-87.
- Some Demonstrations of the Effects of Structural Descriptions in Mental Imagery.GeoffreyHinton -1979 -Cognitive Science 3 (3):231-250.A visual imagery task is presented which is beyond the limits of normal human ability, and some of the factors contributing to its difficulty are isolated by comparing the difficulty of related tasks. It is argued that complex objects are assigned hierarchical structural descriptions by being parsed into parts, each of which has its own local system of significant directions. Two quite different schemas for a wire‐frame cube are used to illustrate this theory, and some striking perceptual differences to which (...) they give rise are described. The difficulty of certain mental imagery tasks is shown to depend on which of the alternative structural descriptions of an object is used, and this is interpreted as evidence that structural descriptions are an important component of mental images. Finally, it is argued that analog transformations like mental folding involve changing the values of continuous variables in a structural description. (shrink)
- Mizrahi and Seidel: Experts in Confusion.Martin DavidHinton -2015 -Informal Logic 35 (4):539-554.In this paper I describe the apparent differences between the views of Mizrahi and Seidel on the strength of arguments from expert opinion. I show that most of Seidel's objections rely on an understanding of the words 'expert' and 'opinion' different from those which Mizrahi employs. I also discuss certain inconsistencies found in both papers over the use of these key terms. The paper concludes by noting that Mizrahi is right to suggest that evidence shows expert predictions to be unreliable, (...) but Seidel is correct to observe that this finding should not be used to claim that expert opinion in general is not to be trusted. (shrink)
- Experiences: An Inquiry into Some Ambiguities.J. M.Hinton -1975 -Mind 84 (335):466-468.No categories
- Intentionality: A Study of Mental Acts.J. M.Hinton -1979 -Philosophical Quarterly 29 (114):88-89.No categories
- Legacy of the transputer.CherryHinton &Cambridge Ruth Ivimey -forthcoming -Emergence: Complexity and Organization:19.Export citation Bookmark
- Denise Riley andLisa Baraitser in conversation.Lisa Baraitser -2020 -Feminist Theory 21 (3):339-349.No categories
- Preface to the special issue on connectionist symbol processing.Geoffrey E.Hinton -1990 -Artificial Intelligence 46 (1-2):1-4.
- Scene-based and viewer-centered representations for comparing shapes.G.Hinton -1988 -Cognition 30 (1):1-35.
- Does ChatGPT have semantic understanding?Lisa Miracchi Titus -2024 -Cognitive Systems Research 83 (101174):1-13.Over the last decade, AI models of language and word meaning have been dominated by what we might call a statistics-of-occurrence, strategy: these models are deep neural net structures that have been trained on a large amount of unlabeled text with the aim of producing a model that exploits statistical information about word and phrase co-occurrence in order to generate behavior that is similar to what a human might produce, or representations that can be probed to exhibit behavior similar to (...) what a human might produce (meaningsemblant behavior). Examples of what we can call Statistics-of-Occurrence Models (SOMs) include: Word2Vec (CBOW and Skip-Gram), BERT, GPT-3, and, most recently, ChatGPT. Increasingly, there have been suggestions that such systems have semantic understanding, or at least a proto-version of it. This paper argues against such claims. I argue that a necessary condition for a system to possess semantic understanding is that it function in ways that are causally explainable by appeal to its semantic properties. I then argue that SOMs do not plausibly satisfy this Functioning Criterion. Rather, the best explanation of their meaning-semblant behavior is what I call the Statistical Hypothesis: SOMs do not themselves function to represent or produce meaningful text; they just reflect the semantic information that exists in the aggregate given strong correlations between word placement and meaningful use. I consider and rebut three main responses to the claim that SOMs fail to meet the Functioning Criterion. The result, I hope, is increased clarity about why and how one should make claims about AI systems having semantic understanding. (shrink)
- Where Do Features Come From?GeoffreyHinton -2014 -Cognitive Science 38 (6):1078-1101.It is possible to learn multiple layers of non-linear features by backpropagating error derivatives through a feedforward neural network. This is a very effective learning procedure when there is a huge amount of labeled training data, but for many learning tasks very few labeled examples are available. In an effort to overcome the need for labeled data, several different generative models were developed that learned interesting features by modeling the higher order statistical structure of a set of input vectors. One (...) of these generative models, the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), has no connections between its hidden units and this makes perceptual inference and learning much simpler. More significantly, after a layer of hidden features has been learned, the activities of these features can be used as training data for another RBM. By applying this idea recursively, it is possible to learn a deep hierarchy of progressively more complicated features without requiring any labeled data. This deep hierarchy can then be treated as a feedforward neural network which can be discriminatively fine-tuned using backpropagation. Using a stack of RBMs to initialize the weights of a feedforward neural network allows backpropagation to work effectively in much deeper networks and it leads to much better generalization. A stack of RBMs can also be used to initialize a deep Boltzmann machine that has many hidden layers. Combining this initialization method with a new method for fine-tuning the weights finally leads to the first efficient way of training Boltzmann machines with many hidden layers and millions of weights. (shrink)
- The Larger Life: Studies inHinton's Ethics.Caroline Haddon &JamesHinton -1886 -Mind 11 (42):257-262.Export citation Bookmark
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