(The Image of) God in All of Us.Laura E. Alexander -2019 -Journal of Religious Ethics 47 (4):653-678.detailsThis essay compares Sikh and Christian thought about and practices of hospitality in light of the global refugee crisis. It aims to show how both practices of hospitality, and religious ethical thought about hospitality, can be enhanced by dialogue between traditions. The refugee crisis arises out of a global failure of hospitality, and the type of hospitality refugees most fundamentally need is that which confers membership in a political community. Comparing Christian and Sikh ethics of hospitality provides guidance toward building (...) rooted religious communities that welcome outsiders, including by incorporating them into political communities. In particular, Christians who hold social power and privilege can better fulfill ethical mandates of hospitality by looking to the example of Sikhs and other marginalized groups. Sikhs have often built communities through acts of hospitality and welcomed outsiders without fear, even in contexts where their own belonging is questioned and their own security is under threat. (shrink)
The Real‐World Ethics of Adaptive‐Design Clinical Trials.Laura E. Bothwell &Aaron S. Kesselheim -2017 -Hastings Center Report 47 (6):27-37.detailsFrom the earliest application of modern randomized controlled trials in medical research, scientists and observers have deliberated the ethics of randomly allocating study participants to trial control arms. Adaptive RCT designs have been promoted as ethically advantageous over conventional RCTs because they reduce the allocation of subjects to what appear to be inferior treatments. Critical assessment of this claim is important, as adaptive designs are changing medical research, with the potential to significantly shift how clinical trials are conducted. Policy-makers are (...) swiftly moving to encourage greater use of adaptive designs. In 2016, the newly enacted 21st Century Cures Act instructed the Food and Drug Administration to help product sponsors incorporate adaptive methods into proposed clinical trial protocols and applications for investigational drugs and also biological products. In this article, we review the ethical justifications commonly offered for adaptive designs, explore these arguments in the context of actual trials, and contend that clinical equipoise is a useful standard for adaptive-trial ethics. We distinguish between theoretical and clinical equipoise and explain why ethical arguments related to adaptive trials tend to focus on the former. Yet we contend that theoretical equipoise can be an unreliable standard for adaptive ethics. While we contend that clinical equipoise is the most critical principle for the primary ethical concerns posed by adaptive trials, we suggest ethical approaches to deal with some additional concerns unique to adaptive designs. (shrink)
The Structure of Thinking: A Process-Oriented Account of Mind.Laura E. Weed -2003 - Thorverton UK: Imprint Academic.detailsAgainst the tide of philosophers committed to this view this book presents a naturalistic view of human thinking, arguing that computers are merely...
Kant's noumenon and sunyata.Laura E. Weed -2002 -Asian Philosophy 12 (2):77 – 95.detailsThis paper compares Kant's positions on space, time, the relational character of noumena, and the relational character of the self, with the somewhat similar accounts of those things in two philosophers of the Kyoto school: Keiji Nishitani and Nishida Kitaro. I will argue that the philosophers of the Kyoto school had a more coherent and better integrated account of those ideas, that was open to Kant. I think that the comparison both clarifies Kant's position on these topics, and elucidates the (...) topics. (shrink)
Looking ahead: Attending to anticipatory locations increases perception of control.Laura E. Thomas &Adriane E. Seiffert -2013 -Consciousness and Cognition 22 (1):375-381.detailsWhen people manipulate a moving object, such as writing with a pen or driving a car, they experience their actions as intimately related to the object’s motion, that is they perceive control. Here, we tested the hypothesis that observers would feel more control over a moving object if an unrelated task drew attention to a location to which the object subsequently moved. Participants steered an object within a narrow path and discriminated the color of a flash that appeared briefly close (...) to the object. Across two experiments, participants provided higher ratings of perceived control when an object moved over a flash’s location than when an object moved away from a flash’s location. This result suggests that we use the location of spatial attention to determine the perception of control. If an object goes where we are attending, we feel like we made it go there. (shrink)
Humanizing online teaching and learning in higher education.Laura E. Gray &Shernette Dunn (eds.) -2024 - Hershey, PA: IGI Global.detailsThis book provides ready to use strategies to promote student engagement in online spaces using a variety of tools and strategies to promote student success and retention.
Native Women's Double Cross: Christology from the Contact Zone.Laura E. Donaldson -2002 -Feminist Theology 10 (29):96-117.detailsOne of the hallmarks of American Indian colonial experience was the arrival of Christian missionaries. The response of Native cultures to missionization has been complex, with some resisting the white man's religion and others embracing it. Throughout their contact with Christianity, however, many American Indians appropriated its stories on their own terms and for their own purposes. Stories about Jesus comprise one of the most important sites for this appropriation. This essay examines the ways in which the cultural production of (...) American Indian women makes a crucial intervention in the debates about Jesus' identity. It argues that the narrative negotiations of Native women in the contact zone of Euro-American encounters transform the theological category of christology. (shrink)
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Latinos and Structural Racism.Laura E. Gómez -2021 -American Journal of Bioethics 21 (3):83-85.detailsMaya Sabatello and coauthors, in “Structural Racism in the COVID-19 Pandemic,” have called our attention to how preexisting systemic racism in the United States has produced exactly the racial disp...
Authorship in Student-Faculty Collaborative Research: Perceptions of Current and Best Practices. [REVIEW]Laura E. Welfare &Corrine R. Sackett -2010 -Journal of Academic Ethics 8 (3):199-215.detailsDetermining appropriate authorship recognition in student-faculty collaborative research is a complex task. In this quantitative study, responses from 1346 students and faculty in education and some social science disciplines at 36 research-intensive institutions in the United States were analyzed to provide a description of current and recommended practices for authorship in student-faculty collaborative research. The responses revealed practices and perceptions that are not aligned with ethical guidelines and a lack of consensus among respondents about appropriate practice. Faculty and student respondents (...) agreed that students deserve more authorship recognition than they get in common practice but they did not agree on the appropriate authorship arrangement for several of the collaborative scenarios described in the study or on the relative value of various contributions to research projects. The misalignment with ethical codes and lack of consensus among the respondents is problematic because student-faculty collaborative research is common and authored publications are powerful indicators of research competency. With these detailed results, students and faculty can better anticipate areas where their perspectives are likely to differ and faculty can work to clarify ambiguous expectations. (shrink)
Clement and Sen.Laura E. Weed -2007 -The Proceedings of the Twenty-First World Congress of Philosophy 1:79-83.detailsIn this paper I will present the accounts of two influential contemporary moral philosophers, Grace Clement and Amartya Sen, to argue for the social context and inter-related nature of autonomy. In fact, there can be no autonomy for anyone without a loving and caring social environment that actively promotes independent thinking and capacity empowerment among people. This social dimension of autonomy has often been ignored by traditional theorists, who have considered autonomy to be an individual accomplishment that is a function (...) of an individual's will power, intellectual ability, or self-discipline and virtue. (shrink)
The Influence of Temporal Orientation and Affective Frame on Use of Ethical Decision-Making Strategies.Cheryl K. Stenmark,Laura E. Martin,Lynn D. Devenport,Alison L. Antes,Michael D. Mumford,Shane Connelly &Chase E. Thiel -2011 -Ethics and Behavior 21 (2):127-146.detailsThis study examined the role of temporal orientation and affective frame in the execution of ethical decision-making strategies. In reflecting on a past experience or imagining a future experience, participants thought about experiences that they considered either positive or negative. The participants recorded their thinking about that experience by responding to several questions, and their responses were content-analyzed for the use of ethical decision-making strategies. The findings indicated that a future temporal orientation was associated with greater strategy use. Likewise, a (...) positive affective frame was associated with greater strategy use. Future orientation may permit better strategy execution than a past orientation because it facilitates more objective, balanced contemplation of the reflected-upon situation and minimizes potential self-threat associated with past behavior. A positive affective frame likely improves strategy execution because it facilitates active analysis of the experience. Future directions and implications of these findings are discussed. (shrink)
Initiation of clathrin‐mediated endocytosis: All you need is two?Laura E. Swan -2013 -Bioessays 35 (5):425-429.detailsClathrin‐mediated endocytosis is a major route for the retrieval of plasma‐membrane cargoes, and defects of this process can cause catastrophic human dysfunctions. However, the processes governing how a clathrin‐coated profile (ccp) is initiated are still murky. Despite an ever‐growing cast of molecules proposed as triggers of ccp nucleation and increasingly sophisticated bioimaging techniques examining clathrin‐mediated endocytosis, it is yet unknown if ccp formation is governed by a universal mechanism. A recent paper by Cocucci et al. has tracked single‐molecule events to (...) identify that stable accumulation of ccps requires the near‐simultaneous arrival of two AP2 adaptors bridged by one clathrin triskelion. This commentary examines the role of AP2 in cargo‐mediated endocytosis in the light of recent advances in biophotonics, chemical inhibitors and genetics, examines the claims of other molecules to be the initiators of ccp formation and proposes future directions in research into this topic.Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssays: The evolution of dynamin to regulate clathrin‐mediated endocytosis AbstractClathrin‐mediated endocytosis: What works for small, also works for big Abstract. (shrink)
From Their Point of View: Identifying Socio-Behavioral Profiles of Primary School Pupils Based on Peer Group Perception.Laura E. Prino,Tiziana Pasta,Claudio Longobardi,Davide Marengo &Michele Settanni -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9:322051.detailsOur study adopted a person-based approach with the aim to identify socio-behavioral profiles of primary school students based on peer group perception. The study involved 109 classes and their teachers, from the first three grades of elementary school. The final student sample consisted of 424 children, aged 6–9 years ( M = 94.9 months; SD = 9.7), of whom 58.3% were male. We used peer-group nomination to investigate the aspects that are linked to peer group acceptance and perception of classroom (...) behaviors, with reference to academic and relational criteria. We identified and defined six clusters. We validated these clusters by taking into consideration the children’s academic performances and the teacher’s perceptions of their relationship with the single students. The identified clusters were related to both of these aspects, and they show predictive value when referring to children’s behaviors as evaluated by their teachers. Implications for theory and educational policies are discussed. (shrink)
Children’s awareness of the context-appropriate nature of emotion regulation strategies across emotions.Laura E. Quiñones-Camacho &Elizabeth L. Davis -2020 -Cognition and Emotion 34 (5):977-985.detailsABSTRACTEmotion regulation substantially develops during the childhood years. This growth includes an increasing awareness that certain ER strategies are more appropriate in some contexts than...
Proyecciones de la concepción ciceroniana de la naturaleza en la ética escolástica del siglo XIII.Laura E. Corso de Estrada -2001 -Anuario Filosófico 34 (70):323-347.detailsThis paper faces the projections of the moral philosophy of Cicero on medieval scholastic ethics; it examines the influence of Cicero's writings dealing with treatment of the justificating way of moral behavior starting from natural human inclinations. First, the article analyses the philosophical elaboration of the theme in the field of ciceronian thinking. Second, already inside the frame of medieval elaborations, the article deals with projections of ciceronian tradition around natural human inclinations in their relations with moral life, in the (...) philosophical developments of Thomas Aquinas about origins of virtue and natural law. (shrink)
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The sensorimotor contingency of multisensory localization correlates with the conscious percept of spatial unity.Gwendolyn E. Roberson,Mark T.Wallace &James A. Schirillo -2001 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24 (5):1001-1002.detailsTwo cross-modal experiments provide partial support for O'Regan & Noë's (O&N's) claim that sensorimotor contingencies mediate perception. Differences in locating a target sound accompanied by a spatially disparate neutral light correlate with whether the two stimuli were perceived as spatially unified. This correlation suggests that internal representations are necessary for conscious perception, which may also mediate sensorimotor contingencies.
Mountain Holiness: A Photographic Narrative.Deborah Vansau Mccauley,Laura E. Porter &Patricia Parker Brunner -2003 - Univ Tennessee Press.details"Deborah McCauley andLaura Porter's text combines descriptions of the pictures with the history of the churches and interviews with members. They create a representative window into the material and oral culture of central Appalachia's independent Holiness heritage. Mountain Holiness is a book that will fascinate anyone who cares about these traditions, as well as anyone concerned with the preservation of America's most vital folkways."--BOOK JACKET.
Safeguarding research staff “in the field”: a blind spot in ethics guidelines. [REVIEW]Catherine Fallon Grasham,Laura E. Picot,Jana Kuhnt &Lennart Kaplan -2023 -Research Ethics 19 (1):18-41.detailsAcross disciplines there is a large and increasing number of research projects that rely on data collection activities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, these are accompanied by an extensive range of ethical challenges. While the safeguarding of study participants is the primary aim of existing ethics guidelines, this paper argues that this “do no harm” principle should be extended to include research staff. This study is a comprehensive review of more than 80 existing ethics guidelines and protocols that (...) reveals a lack of safeguarding research staff regarding the ethical challenges faced during data collection activities in LMICs. This is particularly the case when it comes to issues such as power imbalances, political risk, staff’s emotional wellbeing or dealing with feelings of guilt. Lead organizations are called upon to develop guiding principles that encompass the safeguarding of research staff, which are then to be adapted and translated into specific protocols and tools by institutions. (shrink)
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