Results for 'Keisuke Toyama'
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- Neuronal circuitry in the cat visual cortex studied by cross-correlation analysis.KeisukeToyama -1985 - In David Rose & Vernon G. Dobson,Models of the Visual Cortex. New York: Wiley.Export citation
Bookmark - Intuitive versus experimental approaches for modelling of visual cortical circuitry.KeisukeToyama -1985 - In David Rose & Vernon G. Dobson,Models of the Visual Cortex. New York: Wiley. pp. 366.Export citation Bookmark
- Solving simultaneous target assignment and path planning efficiently with time-independent execution.Keisuke Okumura &Xavier Défago -2023 -Artificial Intelligence 321 (C):103946.
- Classroom Interventions and Foreign Language Anxiety: A Systematic Review With Narrative Approach.MichikoToyama &Yoshitaka Yamazaki -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.Experimental studies have developed, conducted, and evaluated classroom interventions for foreign language anxiety reduction. However, various characteristics of those classroom interventions make it difficult to synthesize the findings and apply them to practice. We conducted what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first systematic review on educational interventions for FLA. Six criteria were established for inclusion of studies. Using English keywords, we identified 854 potentially eligible studies through ProQuest and Scopus, 40 of which were finally included. All included (...) studies were published from 2007 to 2020. The studies differed in type of intervention, duration of intervention, and scale to measure FLA. Our systematic review resulted in seven features of classroom interventions, categorized as student–student interactions, student-teacher interactions, self-management, and mood boosters; we also categorized interventions as either individual or interactional. (shrink)
- Priority inheritance with backtracking for iterative multi-agent path finding.Keisuke Okumura,Manao Machida,Xavier Défago &Yasumasa Tamura -2022 -Artificial Intelligence 310 (C):103752.
- Nōshi wa misshitsu satsujin de aru: zōki ni muragaru ishitachi no reiketsu.Keisuke Amagasa -1992 - Tōkyō: Hatsubaimoto Bungei Shunjū.No categories
- Japanese Political Studies and Japanese International Relations in China, Japan, and Korea.Keisuke Iida -2010 -Japanese Journal of Political Science 11 (3):275-289.This article summarizes the findings of this special issue focusing on five questions: (1) who studies Japanese politics and international relations in China, Japan and the Republic of Korea?; (2) what is being studied in each of these countries?; 3) how are Japanese politics studied in each of these countries?; (3) what determines the nature of the study of Japanese politics and international relations?; and 4) what is the impact of the study of Japanese politics in each of these three (...) countries? The findings on the first questions are that most scholars in each of these countries are concentrated in their forties and fifties, but their educational backgrounds are considerably varied. On the second question, the topics of study are becoming more wide-ranging in recent years, although in China, government policy still puts a constraint on the range of topics studied. Regarding the third question, the approaches that are used are becoming more varied, especially in Japan and South Korea. Concerning the fourth question, domestic politics in each of these countries matter, and financial constraints are a problem in China. Finally, it seems that Korean scholars in this area may have greater impact on the government than in the other two countries. (shrink)
- Examining the Effect of Adverbs and Onomatopoeia on Physical Movement.Keisuke Irie,Shuo Zhao,Kazuhiro Okamoto &Nan Liang -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.Introduction: The effect of promoting a physical reaction by the described action is called the action-sentence compatibility effect. It has been verified that physical motion changes depending on the time phase and grammatical expression. However, it is unclear how adverbs and onomatopoeia change motion simulations and subsequent movements.Methods: The subjects were 35 healthy adults. We prepared 20 sentences each, expressing actions related to hands and feet. These were converted into 80 sentences, with the words “Slow” or “Quick” added to the (...) words related to the speed of movement, and 80 sentences with the words “Fast” and onomatopoeia “Satto” added. Additionally, 20 unnatural sentences were prepared for each stimulus set as pseudo sentences. Choice reaction time was adopted; subjects pressed the button with their right hand only when the presented text was correctly understood. The reaction time and the number of errors were recorded and compared.Results: As a result of a two-way repeated ANOVA, an interaction effect was observed in RTs and NoE in set A. “Hand and Fast” had significantly faster RTs than “Hand and Slow” and “Foot and Fast.” Furthermore, “Hand and Fast” had a significantly higher NoE than others. In set B, the main effects were observed in both RTs and NoE. “Hand” and “Satto” had significantly faster RTs than “Foot” and “Quick,” respectively. Additionally, an interaction effect was observed in NoE, wherein “Foot and Satto” was significantly higher than “Hand and Satto” and “Foot and Quick.”Conclusion: In this study, the word “Fast” promoted hand response, reaffirming ACE. The onomatopoeia “Satto” was a word that conveys the speed of movement, but it was suggested that the degree of understanding may be influenced by the body part and the attributes of the subject. (shrink)
- Concreteness of thinking and self-focus.Keisuke Takano &Yoshihiko Tanno -2010 -Consciousness and Cognition 19 (1):419-425.The present study used the experience sampling method to detect fluctuations in thinking, such as self-focus or concreteness in daily life, and to examine their relationship with depressive symptoms and concurrent negative affect. Thirty-one undergraduates recorded their negative affect, ruminative self-focus, and concreteness of thinking eight times a day for 1 week. Multilevel modeling showed that individuals with increasing levels of depression showed lower levels of concreteness in their daily thinking. Further analysis revealed a significant positive association between momentary ruminative (...) self-focus and concurrent negative affect only with low concreteness of thinking. These results suggested that individuals with increasing levels of depression chronically process self-related information on an abstract level, which reflects a malfunction of their self-regulatory cycle and might serve to maintain or even exacerbate dysphoric moods. (shrink)
- O diskurzih o »neuspehu avantgarde«.KikukoToyama -1995 -Filozofski Vestnik 16 (1).V članku poskušam analizirati nekatere značilne diskurze posvečene »neuspehu avantgarde« ter tako osvetliti latentno strukturo zanikanja / potlačitve / izključitve, na kateri leži temelj zahodne moderne umetnosti, se pravi strukturo, ki je bila razvita kot druga plat samooblikovanja umetnosti v dobi, ko je nastal mit o njeni avtonomiji. Odkar so moderne »umetnosti« padle v rodovno kategorijo »Umetnost«, ta daje videz, da je postajala vedno bolj obrobna, da pa je hkrati pridobivala v zameno več privilegijev. Da bi se lahko vzpostavila v (...) sublimiranem območju visoke kulture, je bila umetnost morda prisiljena zavreči vse, česar ni bilo mogoče udobno uskladiti z njeno samodefinicijo. Medtem ko so dualizem med »visoko« in »nizko« kulturo prenehali utemeljevati v realnosti, so izumili nov pripomoček, da bi zavaroval navidezne meje, ter da bi pospešil proces avtonomizacije umetnosti. Modernizem v tem primeru služi kot bolj izpopolnjen ter okrepljeni vzvod potlačitve; vsebuje tudi uporniško avantgardo, ki služi za začasno sprostitev potlačenega. Medsebojna povezanost med modernizmom in avantgardo se bo tako pokazala kot spopad med estetiko nadzora in estetiko anarhije. (shrink)No categories
- Infinite games and transfinite recursion of multiple inductive definitions.Keisuke Yoshii &Kazuyuki Tanaka -2012 - In S. Barry Cooper,How the World Computes. pp. 374--383.
- Kierkegaard lesen, gegen und mit Adorno – Von der objektlosen Innerlichkeit zur Selbstbesinnung durch das Andere / From Objectless Inwardness to Self-reflection through the Other.Keisuke Yoshida -2020 -Danish Yearbook of Philosophy 56 (1):6-27.Søren Aabye Kierkegaard’s thought has often been regarded as a philosophy of inwardness, especially within the German-speaking world. Theodor W. Adorno takes an ambivalent attitude toward this view: He criticizes Kierkegaard’s conception of subjectivity as ‘objectless inwardness’, while pointing to its potential for self-reflection that enables the subject to recognize its relationship to the outside world. Beginning from this ambivalent interpretation, this study aims to read Kierkegaard against and with Adorno. First, it clarifies that Kierkegaard does not remain in a (...) closed ‘objectless’ conception of inwardness. Second, it explores how Kierkegaard conceives of inward self-reflection on remorse for sin, which is brought about through the ‘other’ and makes the subject confront its own reality. Thus, Kierkegaard’s concept of inwardness not only overcomes its objectlessness, but also implies a subjective self-reflection through the ‘other’, which can lead to social critique. (shrink)No categories
- Sensorimotor contingency modulates breakthrough of virtual 3D objects during a breaking continuous flash suppression paradigm.Keisuke Suzuki,David J. Schwartzman,Rafael Augusto &Anil K. Seth -2019 -Cognition 187 (C):95-107.No categories
- Who tailors the blanket?Keisuke Suzuki,Katsunori Miyahara &Kengo Miyazono -2022 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45:e213.The gap between the Markov blanket and ontological boundaries arises from the former's inability to capture the dynamic process through which biological and cognitive agents actively generate their own boundaries with the environment. Active inference in the free-energy principle (FEP) framework presupposes the existence of a Markov blanket, but it is not a process that actively generates the latter.
- What is the Point of the Ikenberry-Acharya Debate?Keisuke Iida -2015 -Japanese Journal of Political Science 16 (3):429-433.
- Yūsei sōsa no akumu: iryō ni yoru sei to shi no shihai.Keisuke Amagasa -1994 - Tōkyō: Shakai Hyōronsha.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Steven K. Vogel (ed.), US–Japan Relations in a Changing World, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2002.Keisuke Iida -2002 -Japanese Journal of Political Science 3 (2):289-302.
- Neural Basis and Motor Imagery Intervention Methodology Based on Neuroimaging Studies in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorders: A Review.Keisuke Irie,Amiri Matsumoto,Shuo Zhao,Toshihiro Kato &Nan Liang -2021 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15.Although the neural bases of the brain associated with movement disorders in children with developmental coordination disorder are becoming clearer, the information is not sufficient because of the lack of extensive brain function research. Therefore, it is controversial about effective intervention methods focusing on brain function. One of the rehabilitation techniques for movement disorders involves intervention using motor imagery. MI is often used for movement disorders, but most studies involve adults and healthy children, and the MI method for children with (...) DCD has not been studied in detail. Therefore, a review was conducted to clarify the neuroscientific basis of the methodology of intervention using MI for children with DCD. The neuroimaging review included 20 magnetic resonance imaging studies, and the neurorehabilitation review included four MI intervention studies. In addition to previously reported neural bases, our results indicate decreased activity of the bilateral thalamus, decreased connectivity of the sensory-motor cortex and the left posterior middle temporal gyrus, bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia, loss of connectivity superiority in the abovementioned areas. Furthermore, reduction of gray matter volume in the right superior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus, lower fractional anisotropy, and axial diffusivity in regions of white matter pathways were found in DCD. As a result of the review, children with DCD had less activation of the left brain, especially those with mirror neurons system and sensory integration functions. On the contrary, the area important for the visual space processing of the right brain was activated. Regarding of characteristic of the MI methods was that children observed a video related to motor skills before the intervention. Also, they performed visual-motor tasks before MI training sessions. Adding action observation during MI activates the MNS, and performing visual-motor tasks activates the basal ganglia. These methods may improve the deactivated brain regions of children with DCD and may be useful as conditioning before starting training. Furthermore, we propose a process for sharing the contents of MI with the therapist in language and determining exercise strategies. (shrink)
- Kōza shakai to rinri.Keisuke Sawada (ed.) -1965No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Whole-Body Roll Tilt Influences Goal-Directed Upper Limb Movements through the Perceptual Tilt of Egocentric Reference Frame.Keisuke Tani,Yoshihide Shiraki,Shinji Yamamoto,Yasushi Kodaka &Keisuke Kushiro -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9.
- Die immer neue Aktualität Schopenhauers. Das Mitleid als Ansatzpunkt zum Frieden.Y.Toyama -1988 -Schopenhauer Jahrbuch 69:273-280.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Fractal study of surface nanostructures of microcrystalline silicon films: From growth kinetics to electronic transport.T.Toyama,Y. Sobajima &H. Okamoto -2009 -Philosophical Magazine 89 (28-30):2491-2504.No categories
- Ningen no hakken.ShigehikoToyama (ed.) -1974No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Between Hearing and Touch: The Global Discovery of the Vibratory Sense through a “Deaf Ability”.Keisuke Yamada -2025 -Isis 116 (1):104-122.In 1932, Japanese psychologist Takano Kiyoshi conducted experimental research on vibratory sensations using hundreds of deaf schoolchildren as research subjects. This article examines the little-studied relationship between the global spread of oralism and the local formulation of knowledge about the vibratory sense—or senkaku 顫覚—in Japanese psychoacoustics. In the 1920s, American missionaries and educators helped spread oralism in Japan, and the Japanese state implemented the Blind and Deaf-Mute Schools Ordinance. There was also a notable development of experimental psychology in the country. (...) Influenced by German psychologist David Katz’s work, Takano viewed deafness as a physical “ability” or physiological “advantage” for his scientific project. A close reading of Japanese, German, and American psychologists’ works on the vibratory sense around the time reveals that it was considered not quite identical to hearing, nor to touch. The five senses framework—based on the ideas of touch, hearing, sight, smell, and taste—does not always function properly in sensory history; this prevalent framework can put aside the actual nuances and complexities of one’s varying understanding of the human sensorium across time and space. This study highlights the (anonymous) participation of deaf individuals as research subjects and draws attention to how people with impairments played diverse roles in the history of science. (shrink)
- A Survey of Determinacy of Infinite Games in Second Order Arithmetic.Keisuke Yoshii -2017 -Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 25:35-44.
- Association Between Food Patterns and Gray Matter Volume.Keisuke Kokubun &Yoshinori Yamakawa -2019 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13.
- Reinforcement Learning With Parsimonious Computation and a Forgetting Process.AsakoToyama,Kentaro Katahira &Hideki Ohira -2019 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13.
- Tactics of Perseus: tackling the invisible other.KikukoToyama -forthcoming -Filozofski Vestnik.Export citation Bookmark
- Der Schatten der Kierkegaard-Renaissance. Eine rezeptionsgeschichtliche Studie über die dezisionistisch-irrationalistischen Kierkegaard-Interpretationen zwischen den Weltkriegen in Deutschland.Keisuke Yoshida -2015 -Kierkegaard Studies Yearbook 20 (1).Name der Zeitschrift: Kierkegaard Studies Yearbook Jahrgang: 20 Heft: 1 Seiten: 279-300.No categories
- Is self-positive information more appealing than money? Individual differences in positivity bias according to depressive symptoms.Keisuke Takano,Yudai Iijima,Shinji Sakamoto,Filip Raes &Yoshihiko Tanno -2016 -Cognition and Emotion 30 (8).
- Discrepancy between explicit judgement of agency and implicit feeling of agency: Implications for sense of agency and its disorders.Naho Saito,Keisuke Takahata,Toshiya Murai &Hidehiko Takahashi -2015 -Consciousness and Cognition 37:1-7.
- Independent features form integrated objects: Using a novel shape-color “conjunction task” to reconstruct memory resolution for multiple object features simultaneously.Aedan Y. Li,Keisuke Fukuda &Morgan D. Barense -2022 -Cognition 223 (C):105024.
- Validation of the Japanese Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool.Keiko Sakakibara,Akihito Shimazu,HiroyukiToyama &Wilmar B. Schaufeli -2020 -Frontiers in Psychology 11.
- What can half a million change detection trials tell us about visual working memory?Halely Balaban,Keisuke Fukuda &Roy Luria -2019 -Cognition 191 (C):103984.
- Persistent negative self-referent thinking in the context of depression: examining the role of temperament and emotion regulation.Eline Belmans,Keisuke Takano,Patricia Bijttebier,Caroline Braet &Filip Raes -forthcoming -Cognition and Emotion.Cognitive models of depression posit that persistent negative self-referent thinking (PNSRT) is an important vulnerability factor for depressive symptoms. The mechanisms involved are still understudied, especially in adolescence. PNSRT has been assessed by a behavioural decision-making task, namely the emotional reversal learning task (ERLT). Within the ERLT, PNSRT is operationalised as the learning rate for negative self-reference. The first aim of the current study is to examine the association between PNSRT and depressive symptoms at baseline and follow-up. Second, the current (...) study investigated associations of PNSRT with temperamental and emotion regulation variables. We found no significant effect between PNSRT and baseline depressive symptoms, although the small effect size pointed in the expected direction. No significant prospective effect was found. Additionally, adolescents with greater capacity for response inhibition and better attentional control exhibited less PNSRT. No other significant associations were found with other temperamental dimensions or emotion regulation variables. In conclusion, while the small effect size of the cross-sectional association between PNSRT and depressive symptoms points in the expected direction, no significant evidence was found that PNSRT acts as either a concomitant or precursor to depressive symptomatology. However, the current study did find a relation between low effortful control and PNSRT. (shrink)
- Prediction-based false memory: Unconfirmed prediction can result in robust false memories.Olya Bulatova &Keisuke Fukuda -2025 -Cognition 255 (C):106013.
- Chügoku shisō ni tsuite.Mitsuji Fukunaga &Japan Kyoiku IinkaiToyama -1969 - Toyama-Ken Kyoiku Iinkai. Edited by Japan Toyama.Export citation Bookmark
- Bootstrapping-Based Extraction of Dictionary Terms from Unsegmented Legal Text.Masato Hagiwara,Yasuhiro Ogawa &KatsuhikoToyama -2009 - In Hiromitsu Hattori, Takahiro Kawamura, Tsuyoshi Ide, Makoto Yokoo & Yohei Murakami,New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence: JSAI 2008 Conference and Workshops, Asahikawa, Japan, June 11-13, 2008, Revised Selected Papers. Springer. pp. 213--227.No categories
- Visual working memory continues to develop through adolescence.Elif Isbell,Keisuke Fukuda,Helen J. Neville &Edward K. Vogel -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6:133416.The capacity of visual working memory (VWM) refers to the amount of visual information that can be maintained in mind at once, readily accessible for ongoing tasks. In healthy young adults, the capacity limit of VWM corresponds to about three simple objects. While some researchers argued that VWM capacity becomes adult-like in early years of life, others claimed that the capacity of VWM continues to develop beyond middle childhood. Here we assessed whether VWM capacity reaches adult levels in adolescence. Using (...) an adaptation of the visual change detection task, we measured visual working memory capacity estimates in 13 year-olds, 16-year-olds, and young adults. We tested whether the capacity estimates observed in early or later years of adolescence were comparable to the estimates obtained from adults. Our results demonstrated that the capacity of VWM continues to develop throughout adolescence, not reaching adult levels even in 16 year-olds. These findings suggest that VWM capacity displays a prolonged development, similar to the protracted trajectories observed in various other aspects of cognition. (shrink)
- Report on highly automated works in Japan—management of labour in line with technology development.Fusao Mori,Chikao Imanichi &MorikiToyama -1993 -AI and Society 7 (2):141-150.
- Automatic consolidation of Japanese statutes based on formalization of amendment sentences.Yasuhiro Ogawa,Shintaro Inagaki &KatsuhikoToyama -2008 - In Takashi Washio, Ken Satoh, Hideaki Takeda & Akihiro Inokuchi,New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence. Springer. pp. 363--376.
- A Theory of Global Law and its Fault Lines.Takao Suami,Keisuke Kondo,Ryuya Daidouji,Akiko Ejima,Yota Negishi,Yusuke Ohno,Hajime Yamamoto &Hans Lindahl -2022 -Netherlands Journal of Legal Philosophy 51 (2):144-164.A Theory of Global Law and its Fault Lines This contribution engages the perspectival character of globalization processes as these play out in law and politics. In an interview which brings together a group of Japanese scholars and Hans Lindahl, the participants identify and discuss how Lindahl’s phenomenologically inspired theory of (global) legal ordering might shed light on the similarities and differences which inform Japanese and Western perspectives when theorizing globalization processes.No categories
- Stuttering Thoughts: Negative Self-Referent Thinking Is Less Sensitive to Aversive Outcomes in People with Higher Levels of Depressive Symptoms.Yudai Iijima,Keisuke Takano,Yannick Boddez,Filip Raes &Yoshihiko Tanno -2017 -Frontiers in Psychology 8.
- Non-contact measurement of facial surface vibration patterns during singing by scanning laser Doppler vibrometer.Tatsuya Kitamura &Keisuke Ohtani -2015 -Frontiers in Psychology 6:156210.This paper presents a method of measuring the vibration patterns on facial surfaces by using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). The surfaces of the face, neck, and body vibrate during phonation and, according to Titze ( 2001 ), these vibrations occur when aerodynamic energy is efficiently converted into acoustic energy at the glottis. A vocalist's vibration velocity patterns may therefore indicate his or her phonatory status or singing skills. LDVs enable laser-based non-contact measurement of the vibration velocity and displacement (...) of a certain point on a vibrating object, and scanning LDVs permit multipoint measurements. The benefits of scanning LDVs originate from the facts that they do not affect the vibrations of measured objects and that they can rapidly measure the vibration patterns across planes. A case study is presented herein to demonstrate the method of measuring vibration velocity patterns with a scanning LDV. The objective of the experiment was to measure the vibration velocity differences between the modal and falsetto registers while three professional soprano singers sang sustained vowels at four pitch frequencies. The results suggest that there is a possibility that pitch frequency are correlated with vibration velocity. However, further investigations are necessary to clarify the relationships between vibration velocity patterns and phonation status and singing skills. (shrink)
- Tracing the emergence of the memorability benefit.Greer Gillies,Hyun Park,Jason Woo,Dirk B. Walther,Jonathan S. Cant &Keisuke Fukuda -2023 -Cognition 238 (C):105489.
- Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach.Miika Kujanpää,Christine Syrek,Louis Tay,Ulla Kinnunen,Anne Mäkikangas,Akihito Shimazu,Christopher W. Wiese,Rebecca Brauchli,Georg F. Bauer,Philipp Kerksieck,HiroyukiToyama &Jessica de Bloom -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.Shaping off-job life is becoming increasingly important for workers to increase and maintain their optimal functioning. Proactively shaping the job domain has been extensively studied, but crafting in the off-job domain has received markedly less research attention. Based on the Integrative Needs Model of Crafting, needs-based off-job crafting is defined as workers’ proactive and self-initiated changes in their off-job lives, which target psychological needs satisfaction. Off-job crafting is posited as a possible means for workers to fulfill their needs and enhance (...) well-being and performance over time. We developed a new scale to measure off-job crafting and examined its relationships to optimal functioning in different work contexts in different regions around the world. Furthermore, we examined the criterion, convergent, incremental, discriminant, and structural validity evidence of the Needs-based Off-job Crafting Scale using multiple methods. The results showed that off-job crafting was related to optimal functioning over time, especially in the off-job domain but also in the job domain. Moreover, the novel off-job crafting scale had good convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability. To conclude, our series of studies in various countries show that off-job crafting can enhance optimal functioning in different life domains and support people in performing their duties sustainably. Therefore, shaping off-job life may be beneficial in an intensified and continually changing and challenging working life. (shrink)
- More than meets the heart: systolic amplification of different emotional faces is task dependent.Mateo Leganes-Fonteneau,Jennifer F. Buckman,Keisuke Suzuki,Anthony Pawlak &Marsha E. Bates -2021 -Cognition and Emotion 35 (2):400-408.Interoceptive processes emanating from baroreceptor signals support emotional functioning. Previous research suggests a unique link to fear: fearful faces, presented in synchrony with systolic baro...
- Excitability of the Ipsilateral Primary Motor Cortex During Unilateral Goal-Directed Movement.Takuya Matsumoto,Tatsunori Watanabe,Takayuki Kuwabara,Keisuke Yunoki,Xiaoxiao Chen,Nami Kubo &Hikari Kirimoto -2021 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15.IntroductionPrevious transcranial magnetic stimulation studies have revealed that the activity of the primary motor cortex ipsilateral to an active hand plays an important role in motor control. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the ipsi-M1 excitability would be influenced by goal-directed movement and laterality during unilateral finger movements.MethodTen healthy right-handed subjects performed four finger tapping tasks with the index finger: simple tapping task, Real-word task, Pseudoword task, and Visually guided tapping task. In the Tap task, the subject (...) performed self-paced simple tapping on a touch screen. In the real-word task, the subject tapped letters displayed on the screen one by one to create a Real-word. Because the action had a specific purpose, this task was considered to be goal-directed as compared to the Tap task. In the Pseudoword task, the subject tapped the letters to create a pseudoword in the same manner as in the Real-word task; however, the word was less meaningful. In the VT task, the subject was required to touch a series of illuminated buttons. This task was considered to be less goal-directed than the Pseudoword task. The tasks were performed with the right and left hand, and a rest condition was added as control. Single- and paired-pulse TMS were applied to the ipsi-M1 to measure corticospinal excitability and short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition in the resting first dorsal interosseous muscle.ResultsWe found the smaller SICI in the ipsi-M1 during the VT task compared with the resting condition. Further, both SICI and LICI were smaller in the right than in the left M1, regardless of the task conditions.DiscussionWe found that SICI in the ipsi-M1 is smaller during visual illumination-guided finger movement than during the resting condition. Our finding provides basic data for designing a rehabilitation program that modulates the M1 ipsilateral to the moving limb, for example, for post-stroke patients with severe hemiparesis. (shrink)
- Hihyō to ideorogī.Yasumasa Okamoto,Kyōichi Kawaguchi &ShigehikoToyama (eds.) -1988 - Tōkyō: Kenkyūsha Shuppan.
- Simultaneous estimation procedure reveals the object-based, but not space-based, dependence of visual working memory representations.Hirotaka Sone,Min-Suk Kang,Aedan Y. Li,Hiroyuki Tsubomi &Keisuke Fukuda -2021 -Cognition 209 (C):104579.
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
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Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
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Esa Diaz-Leon
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Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
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Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
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