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  1.  74
    Real-time fMRI links subjective experience with brain activity during focused attention.KathleenGarrison,Scheinost A.,Worhunsky Dustin,D. Patrick,Hani Elwafi,Thornhill M.,A. Thomas,Evan Thompson,Clifford Saron,Gaëlle Desbordes,Hedy Kober,Michelle Hampson,Jeremy Gray,Constable R.,Papademetris R. Todd &Brewer Xenophon -2013 -NeuroImage 81:110--118.
  2.  187
    What about the “Self” is Processed in the Posterior Cingulate Cortex?Judson A. Brewer,Kathleen A.Garrison &Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli -2013 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
  3.  27
    1. Front Matter Front Matter.Jim Good,JimGarrison,Leemon McHenry,Corey McCall,Susan Dunston,Zach VanderVeen,Melvin L. Rogers,James A. Dunson Iii,Mary Magada-Ward &Michael Sullivan -2010 -Journal of Speculative Philosophy 24 (2):158-170.
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  4. The Philosophical Lectures [1818-1819] Hitherto Unpublished.Samuel Taylor Coleridge &Kathleen Coburn -1949 - Philosophical Library.
     
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  5. [no title].Kathleen Higgins (ed.) -1995 - Harcourt Brace.
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  6.  77
    Evaluating community engagement in global health research: the need for metrics.Kathleen M. MacQueen,Anant Bhan,Janet Frohlich,Jessica Holzer &Jeremy Sugarman -2015 -BMC Medical Ethics 16 (1):1-9.
    BackgroundCommunity engagement in research has gained momentum as an approach to improving research, to helping ensure that community concerns are taken into account, and to informing ethical decision-making when research is conducted in contexts of vulnerability. However, guidelines and scholarship regarding community engagement are arguably unsettled, making it difficult to implement and evaluate.DiscussionWe describe normative guidelines on community engagement that have been offered by national and international bodies in the context of HIV-related research, which set the stage for similar work (...) in other health related research. Next, we review the scholarly literature regarding community engagement, outlining the diverse ethical goals ascribed to it. We then discuss practical guidelines that have been issued regarding community engagement. There is a lack of consensus regarding the ethical goals and approaches for community engagement, and an associated lack of indicators and metrics for evaluating success in achieving stated goals. To address these gaps we outline a framework for developing indicators for evaluating the contribution of community engagement to ethical goals in health research.SummaryThere is a critical need to enhance efforts in evaluating community engagement to ensure that the work on the ground reflects the intentions expressed in the guidelines, and to investigate the contribution of specific community engagement practices for making research responsive to community needs and concerns. Evaluation mechanisms should be built into community engagement practices to guide best practices in community engagement and their replication across diverse health research settings. (shrink)
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  7.  295
    Content and cluster analysis: Assessing representational similarity in neural systems.Aarre Laakso &Garrison Cottrell -2000 -Philosophical Psychology 13 (1):47-76.
    If connectionism is to be an adequate theory of mind, we must have a theory of representation for neural networks that allows for individual differences in weighting and architecture while preserving sameness, or at least similarity, of content. In this paper we propose a procedure for measuring sameness of content of neural representations. We argue that the correct way to compare neural representations is through analysis of the distances between neural activations, and we present a method for doing so. We (...) then use the technique to demonstrate empirically that different artificial neural networks trained by backpropagation on the same categorization task, even with different representational encodings of the input patterns and different numbers of hidden units, reach states in which representations at the hidden units are similar. We discuss how this work provides a rebuttal to Fodor and Lepore's critique of Paul Churchland's state space semantics. (shrink)
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  8.  72
    Beauty and Its Kitsch Competitors.Kathleen M. Higgins -2000 - In Peg Zeglin Brand,Beauty Matters. Indiana University Press. pp. 87-111.
    One of the reasons for the disappearance of beauty in the artistic ideology of the late twentieth century has been the seeming similarity of beauty to certain kinds of kitsch. Beauty has also been associated with flawlessness and with glamour. I will content that the flawless and the glamorous are actually categories of kitsch, and that the dominance of these images in marketing has contributed to our societal tendency to confuse them with beauty. The quests for flawlessness and glamour are (...) both self-sabotaging, a premise on which the marketing of beauty depends. These false paradigms of beauty have ob cured the fact that human beauty manifests an ideal of balance and health that is neither self-conscious nor a consequence of deliberate effort. I will defend the relevance of this ideal to beauty to our personal and cultural well-being. (shrink)
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  9. The tower of goldbach and other impossible tales.Kathleen Stock -2003 - In Matthew Kieran & Dominic McIver Lopes,Imagination, Philosophy and the Arts. New York: Routledge. pp. 107-124.
     
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  10.  65
    Nietzsche's Zarathustra.Kathleen Marie Higgins -1987 - Philadelphia: Lexington Books.
    Nietzsche's Zarathustra is a guide through the convoluted territory of Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra. It shows the philosophical significance of the fictional format as a means to simultaneously propose alternatives to traditional dogmas within the Western tradition and reveal the danger of mistaking doctrinal formulations for living philosophical insight.
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  11. Philosophical Lectures.S. T. Coleridge &Kathleen Coburn -1950 -Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 12 (2):370-370.
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  12.  41
    Is Love An Art?Kathleen O’Dwyer -2011 -Philosophy Now 85:6-9.
  13.  45
    l4: Self-Determination, Coping, and Development.Ellen Skinner &Kathleen Edge -2002 - In Edward L. Deci & Richard M. Ryan,Handbook of Self-Determination Research. University of Rochester Press. pp. 297.
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  14.  10
    Postcolonialism and Islam: theory, literature, culture, society and film.Geoffrey Nash,Kathleen Kerr-Koch &Sarah E. Hackett (eds.) -2014 - New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
    With a focus on the areas of theory, literature, culture, society and film, this collection of essays examines, questions and broadens the applicability of Postcolonialism and Islam from a multifaceted and cross-disciplinary perspective.Topics covered include the relationship between Postcolonialism and Orientalism, theoretical perspectives on Postcolonialism and Islam, the position of Islam within postcolonial literature, Muslim identity in British and European contexts, and the role of Islam in colonial and postcolonial cinema in Egypt and India. At a time at which Islam (...) continues to be at the centre of increasingly heated and frenzied political and academic deliberations, Postcolonialism and Islam offers a framework around which the debate on Muslims in the modern world can be centred.Transgressing geographical, disciplinary and theoretical boundaries, this book is an invaluable resource for students of Islamic Studies, Cultural Studies, Sociolgy and Literature. (shrink)
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  15. Rabindranath Tagore: Envisioning Humanistic Education at Santiniketan (1902-1922).Kathleen O'Connell -2010 -International Journal on Humanistic Ideology 3 (2):15-42.
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  16. Introduction: Queer impact and practices.Kathleen O'Mara &Liz Morrish -2013 - In Kathleen O'Mara & Liz Morrish,Queering paradigms III: queer impact and practices. Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang.
  17.  183
    Whatever happened to beauty? A response to Danto.Kathleen Marie Higgins -1996 -Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 54 (3):281-284.
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  18.  24
    Rebaptizing our Evil: On the Revaluation of All Values.Kathleen Marie Higgins -2006-01-01 - In Keith Ansell Pearson,A Companion to Nietzsche. Blackwell. pp. 404–418.
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  19.  199
    Fantasy, imagination, and film.Kathleen Stock -2009 -British Journal of Aesthetics 49 (4):357-369.
    In his article ‘ Fantasy, Imagination and the Screen ’ , Roger Scruton offers an account of fantasy, arguing that it is directed away from reality in some important sense, and that cinema is its natural representational medium. I address certain problems with Scruton’s basic account, thereby producing a signifi cantly amended version, though one that owes a great debt to his. I explain why, as he says, much fantasy is signifi cantly directed away from reality; and conclude with some (...) brief remarks about.. (shrink)
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  20.  30
    Artistic Visions and the Promise of Beauty: Cross-Cultural Perspectives.Kathleen J. Higgins,Shakti Maira &Sonia Sikka (eds.) -2017 - Springer.
    This volume examines the motives behind rejections of beauty often found within contemporary art practice, where much critically acclaimed art is deliberately ugly and alienating. It reflects on the nature and value of beauty, asking whether beauty still has a future in art and what role it can play in our lives generally. The volume discusses the possible “end of art,” what art is, and the relation between art and beauty beyond their historically Western horizons to include perspectives from Asia. (...) The individual chapters address a number of interrelated issues, including: art, beauty and the sacred; beauty as a source of joy and consolation; beauty as a bridge between the natural and the human; beauty and the human form; the role of curatorial practice in defining art; order and creativity; and the distinction between art and craft. The volume offers a valuable addition to cross-cultural dialogue and, in particular, to the sparse literature on art and beauty in comparative context. It demonstrates the relevance of the rich tradition of Asian aesthetics and the vibrant practices of contemporary art in Asia to Western discussions about the future of art and the role of beauty. (shrink)
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  21.  112
    (1 other version)Reconceptualizing professional development for curriculum leadership: Inspired by John Dewey and informed by Alain Badiou.Kathleen R. Kesson &James G. Henderson -2010 -Educational Philosophy and Theory 42 (2):213-229.
    Almost a hundred years ago, John Dewey clarified the relationship between democracy and education. However, the enactment of a 'deeply democratic' educational practice has proven elusive throughout the ensuing century, overridden by managerial approaches to schooling young people and to the standardized, technical preparation and professional development of teachers and educational leaders. A powerful counter-narrative to this 'standardized management paradigm' exists in the field of curriculum studies, but is largely ignored by mainstream approaches to the professional development of educators. This (...) paper argues for a reconceptualized, differentiated, and 'disciplined' approach to the professional development of educators in democratic societies that builds capacity for curriculum leadership. In support of this proposal, we amplify the tenets of Dewey's pragmatic social and educational philosophy, which have long been at the heart of democratic educational thought, with Badiou's more contemporary thinking about the important relationships between truth as inspirational awakening, subjectification as existential commitment, and ethical fidelity as 'for all' action. (shrink)
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  22. Thoughts on the 'paradox' of fiction.Kathleen Stock -2006 -Postgraduate Journal of Aesthetics 3 (2):59-65.
    This paper concerns the familiar topic of whether we can have genuinely emotional responses such as pity and fear to characters and situations we believe to be fictional1. As is well known, Kendall Walton responds in the negative (Walton (1978); (1990): 195-204 and Chapter 7; (1997)). That is, he is an ‘irrealist’ about emotional responses to fiction (the term is Gaut’s (2003): 15), arguing that such responses should be construed as quasiemotions (Walton (1990): 245), of which their possessor imagines that (...) they are genuine emotions. This is not to deny that an experience in response to a fiction may have a phenomenology very like a given emotion, but to insist that, nonetheless, such responses are not real instances of the emotions which they resemble (Walton (1997)). So, in his most famous example, Charles, who experiences fear-like emotion in relation to a film which depicts the approach of evil slime, does not, despite appearances, experience genuine fear towards the slime, but only quasi-fear (Walton (1990): 195-204)2. Walton’s view presupposes the following view about the nature of emotion3. (shrink)
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  23.  33
    Performance in Confucian Role Ethics.Kathleen M. Higgins -2018 - In James Behuniak,Appreciating the Chinese Difference: Engaging Roger T. Ames on Methods, Issues, and Roles. Albany: SUNY Press. pp. 213-228.
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  24.  59
    Music's Role in Relation to Phenomenological Aspects of Grief.Kathleen Higgins -2022 -Journal of Consciousness Studies 29 (9-10):128-149.
    Music is often utilized in the context of bereavement, yet its role has been underemphasized in the literature on grief. I will suggest that the experience of grief disrupts the bereaved individual's functioning in bodily, orientational, emotional, and interpersonal terms. Music can help assuage the distress of grief in connection with each of these aspects. I will consider some aspects of grief that music is well-suited to address and indicate ways that musical experience can affect them.
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  25.  16
    Medicaid Family Planning Waivers in 3 States.E.Kathleen Adams,Katya Galactionova &Genevieve M. Kenney -2015 -Inquiry: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 52:004695801558891.
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  26.  30
    Business and Violent Conflict.Jennifer Oetzel,Kathleen A. Getz &Stephen Ladek -2007 -Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 18:394-399.
    The purpose of this paper is to examine how multinational enterprises and their subsidiaries (MNEs) can respond to violent conflict in the host countries where they operate, and how the characteristics of the conflict affect the types of intervention strategies that MNEs may adopt. Drawing on insights from the research on conflict resolution and the risk that violent conflict poses to the firm, we develop a framework and several propositions that provide guidance to MNEs confronting violent conflict with respect to (...) existing projects or facilities. (shrink)
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  27.  19
    Hegel and the Symbolic Mediation of Spirit.Kathleen Dow Magnus &Stephen Houlgate (eds.) -2001 - State University of New York Press.
    Employs Derrida's critique of Hegel as the impetus for a new understanding of Hegel's concept of "spirit.".
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  28.  15
    The Case for General Election Presidential Debates and Debate Reform.Kathleen Hall Jamieson -2024 -Journal of Media Ethics 39 (4):298-301.
    Volume 39, Issue 4, October-December 2024, Page 298-301.
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  29.  232
    Ex-posing identity: Derrida and Nancy on the (im)possibility.Kathleen Dow -1993 -Philosophy and Social Criticism 19 (3-4):261-271.
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  30.  70
    The Night Song’s Answer.Kathleen Higgins -1985 -International Studies in Philosophy 17 (2):33-50.
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  31.  86
    Introduction: Robert C. Solomon and the Spiritual Passions.Kathleen Marie Higgins -2011 -Sophia 50 (2):239-245.
    Robert C. Solomon saw spirituality and emotion as interpenetrating themes. I will summarize his views on spirituality and then introduce the articles in the special issue in his honor. Relating emotional integrity to spirituality, Bob argues that it is precisely through engagement - throwing ourselves into relationships and endeavors - that we come to recognize ourselves as part of something much larger than ourselves. Spirituality is an on-going adventure according to Bob, and it recommends itself in the way that all (...) adventures do. It is exciting and fun, a matter of an overflowing passionate life. (shrink)
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  32.  12
    9. Moral Equivalents.Kathleen M. Higgins -2015 - In Roger T. Ames Peter D. Hershock,Value and Values: Economics and Justice in an Age of Global Interdependence. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 185-197.
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  33. Putting the dead in their place.Kathleen Higgins -2019 - In Peter D. Hershock & Roger T. Ames,Philosophies of Place: An Intercultural Conversation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
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  34. The Philosophical Significance of Nietzsche's Use of Fiction in "Thus Spoke Zarathustra".Kathleen Marie Higgins -1982 - Dissertation, Yale University
    This thesis considers the philosophical rationale behind Nietzsche's use of a fictional mode of writing in Thus Spoke Zarathustra. I argue that the worldview involved in Nietzsche's "tragic philosophy," presented as an alternative to the Platonic-Christian worldview of Nietzsche's culture, is premised on the understanding of human individual existence that he associates with Greek tragedy. I argue that because Nietzsche attempts to transform the self-understanding of his readers, he rejects the univocal mode of philosophical discourse which is used to express (...) universally valid truths. Instead, Nietzsche models his presentation on the Greek tragedy, through which, he believes, the spectator achieves a transformed orientation toward earthly, individuated existence through identifying with the tragic hero. I conclude that a consequence of Nietzsche's attempt to make Zarathustra a similar tragic hero is that Nietzsche can communicate his tragic philosophy only to readers who are receptive; and that, as a result, the question of whether or not he is understood becomes a significant problem for Nietzsche in his later works. (shrink)
     
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  35.  28
    "Body-Thinking.Kathleen Hull -1993 -Semiotics:546-563.
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  36.  25
    A Rhetorical Judiciary, Too?Kathleen Hall Jamieson &Jeffrey Gottfried -2007 -Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 19 (2):345-357.
    Into Jeffrey Tulis’s argument that “the rhetorical presidency signals and constitutes a fundamental transformation of American politics” he inserts parenthetically the question, “Has the rhetorical presidency now given birth to the rhetorical judiciary?” Whether the rhetorical presidency birthed or simply predated the rhetorical judiciary is open to question. The existence of the rhetorical judiciary is not. Since the publication of The Rhetorical Presidency, judges and their interlocutors have ratified one of the insights that grounded Tulis’s question, while challenging another. They (...) have borne out his fear that judges would increasingly respond to attack; his worry about the vacuity of confirmation hearings for those nominated to the Supreme Court, however, has not been similarly confirmed. (shrink)
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  37.  53
    Forms of Life.Kathleen Emmett -1990 -Philosophical Investigations 13 (3):213-231.
  38.  52
    The Road That I See: Implications of New Reproductive Technologies.Kathleen O. Steel -1995 -Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4 (3):351.
    The prevention of disability has been the driving force behind much research. In epidemiology three levels of prevention are defined: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Primary prevention is the prevention of the initiation or occurrence of a disease; secondary prevention is the prevention or amelioration of the consequences of a disease, and tertiary prevention refers to rehabilitation or the limitation of disability associated with the disease. We have examples of all three levels of prevention in the area of childhood disability. (...) Primary prevention is the protection of infants against congenital rubella syndrome by ensuring that women of childbearing age have adequate immunity before they become pregnant. The prevention of choreoathetosis, mental retardation, and deafness, by treating hyperbilirubinemia and preventing kernicterus in newborns, is a great success story in prevention. Similarly, at the level of secondary prevention, is the reduction in mental retardation caused by phenylketonuria, or PKU, by eliminating phenylalanine in the diets of newborns who lack the enzyme to metabolize this amino acid. Tertiary prevention is the area of rehabilitation medicine, and is regarded as the least desirable level of prevention. Indeed, tertiary prevention can be seen as “doing the best we can” in terms of rehabilitation, often while seeking a means of really preventing the disease. (shrink)
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  39.  59
    Women in "Philosophy".Kathleen V. Wilkes -1979 -Philosophy 54 (208):236 - 238.
  40.  13
    The Little Company of Mary: Charism and the Ethic of Care.Kathleen Keane -2003 -Feminist Theology 12 (1):65-74.
    Religious congregations of women have been socialized in a tradition rich in gospel values, but one which was also hierarchical and patriarchal. My own congregation, the Little Company of Mary, is an international one, involved in health care since our foundation in Victorian England. Within both spheres, religious and medical, the patriarchal influence was strong and uncritically accepted until the second half of the twentieth cen tury. Here, I attempt to bring feminist and nursing philosophy to bear on the care (...) debate within nursing. An ethic of care demands that we go beyond competence, important as that is. This ethic, found to be at the heart of our LCM identity, suggests to us today, that our founder, Mary Potter was a feminist ahead of her time. (shrink)
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  41.  32
    Reintroducing the English Books of Hours, or “English Primers”.Kathleen E. Kennedy -2014 -Speculum 89 (3):693-723.
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  42.  20
    Pamela Mason and Tim Lang: Sustainable diets: how ecological nutrition can transform consumption and the food system: Routledge, Oxon, UK, 2017, 353 pp, ISBN 978-0-415-74472-0.Kathleen Kevany -2018 -Agriculture and Human Values 35 (3):743-744.
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  43. New Managerialism in Education : The Organisational Form of Neoliberalism.Kathleen Lynch -2017 - In Alejandro Abraham-Hamanoiel,Liberalism in neoliberal times: dimensions, contradictions, limits. London: Goldsmiths Press.
     
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  44.  25
    Back to the Rough Ground: Working in International HIV Prevention as Ethical Debates Continue.Kathleen M. MacQueen &Jeremy Sugarman -2003 -IRB: Ethics & Human Research 25 (2):11-13.
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  45.  182
    New waves in aesthetics.Kathleen Stock &Katherine Thomson-Jones (eds.) -2008 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    Leading young scholars present a collection of wide-ranging essays covering central problems in meta-aesthetics and aesthetic issues in the philosophy of mind, as well as offering analyses of key aesthetic concepts, new perspectives on the history of aesthetics, and specialized treatment of individual art forms.
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  46.  76
    On Davies' argument from relational properties.Kathleen Stock -2005 -Acta Analytica 20 (4):24-31.
    In Art as Performance , David Davies identifies certain properties relevant to artistic appreciation of artworks that, he suggests, are naturally construed as belonging to the artist’s creative performance rather than to any product of that performance (the “work-product”). He further argues, against an anticipated opponent, that such properties cannot be excluded as irrelevant to artistic appreciation in any principled way. I argue that the cited properties can be intelligibly construed as properties of the associated work-product, whether or not they (...) are relevant to artistic appreciation; but that some are not relevant to artistic appreciation. In doing so, I offer a principle determining when a property of an artwork is relevant to artistic appreciation. I conclude that, on its own, Davies’s argument offers no good grounds to abandon our practice of thinking of the artwork as the product of an artist’s activity, rather than the activity itself. (shrink)
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  47.  27
    Book Review on Mindfulness-based Emotion Focused Counselling (by Padmasiri de Silva). [REVIEW]Kathleen Higgins -2023 -Comparative Philosophy 14 (1).
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  48.  30
    M & M: Emblematic Activities. [REVIEW]Kathleen Marie Higgins -2008 -Metascience 17 (3):495-497.
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  49.  39
    Book Review: Life, Death and Love in the Hum of Medical Technology: The Resurrection Machine, by Steve Gehrke. Kansas City, MO: University of Missouri-Kansas City Bookmark Press, 2000. [REVIEW]Kathleen Welch -2002 -Journal of Medical Humanities 23 (3/4):272-274.
  50.  58
    Book review: The Mask of Enlightenment: Nietzsche's Zarathustra. [REVIEW]Kathleen Marie Higgins -1997 -Philosophy and Literature 21 (1):193-196.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:The Mask of Enlightenment: Nietzsche’s ZarathustraKathleen Marie HigginsThe Mask of Enlightenment: Nietzsche’s Zarathustra, by Stanley Rosen; 286 pp. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995, $18.95 paper.In Ecce Homo Nietzsche remarks that he wants to be read the way good old philologists read Horace. Stanley Rosen has fullled this Nietzschean wish. His Mask of the Enlightenment interprets Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra with astute attention, and it delivers on Rosen’s (...) stated aim of avoiding both the obscurantism of postmoderns and the selective attention of analytic philosophers. It is philological in the best sense, balancing its consideration of detail with a sense of the book’s larger context, as well as the context of textual predecessors to whom Nietzsche refers and responds.Rosen reads Nietzsche as a fundamentally political thinker, who seeks to transform humanity’s collective circumstances. The ultimate goal of this effort [End Page 193] is “to breed a new race of mankind” that would supersede the decadent existing race (p. 56). This positive aim, however, requires the destruction of the existing race to make room for the new one.Zarathustra, according to Rosen, is an artistic statement of these aspirations and a tactic for achieving them. From the beginning, Zarathustra calls for the appearance of the superman and the destruction of contemporary European culture. Aware of how far his contemporaries are from the superman, Zarathustra utilizes a double rhetoric, concealing his real intent from all but the select few.Zarathustra addresses noble lies to the crowd, which make his doctrines appear to be afrmative and salvational, but try to seduce the majority to their own self-destruction. Preaching the coming of the superman and the doctrine of eternal recurrence (the view that time recurs cyclically), Zarathustra’s real purpose is to accelerate nihilism and hasten the destruction of current European culture. This aim, however, is concealed by the seemingly afrmative character of these doctrines.Zarathustra’s esoteric message rests on Nietzsche’s materialistic reductionism, according to Rosen. Nietzsche understands reality, fundamentally, to be nothing but chaotic uctuations among accumulating points of force. Even the expression “will to power” suggests a more coherent ontological structure than reality exhibits. The doctrine of “will to power” is an exoteric idea that conceals Nietzsche’s belief that the world is a chaos of uctuating points of force. Will, subjectivity, and physics are all illusions that disguise a cruel and uncaring world.The doctrine of eternal recurrence, in its esoteric sense, reects this vision. Claiming that the sequence of temporal events recurs endlessly, the doctrine is an image for the universe’s spontaneous being, which has no inherent value. This vision is nihilistic, for it implies the illusory status of our subjective selves, any sense of progress, and even our scientic theories. If reality is ultimately chaos, our lives are meaningless.So understood, the doctrine of eternal recurrence is not obviously compatible with Zarathustra’s call for the superman. The superman project is doomed to fail, since eternal recurrence implies that the condition of decadence will recur, even if a superman is generated at some point. Eternal recurrence is also incompatible with amor fati, the love of fate that Zarathustra preaches. Eternal recurrence is an image of chance, of the random happening of force-points, while amor fati is a deterministic vision. Chance and necessity are the same in their human signicance. Both deny human freedom. Chance means that our behavior arises from the un-ordered movements of force points.One of the achievements of Rosen’s book is its mapping of such tensions within Zarathustra, tensions that motivate the drama of the book. These tensions are numerous. Zarathustra preaches the superman to those he seeks as followers, but followers are inherently incapable of the superman’s creative [End Page 194] spontaneity. Zarathustra’s bombast, used to attract attention, is in tension with the subtlety of his actual message. The activism implied by Zarathustra’s preaching is at odds with the fatalism of amor fati. The rank-ordering of human types, a feature of Zarathustra’s elitism, is incompatible with his inner doctrine that the world is chaos.Rosen concludes that some of these tensions... (shrink)
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