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Results for 'Kaori Ishii'

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  1.  108
    Comparative legal study on privacy and personal data protection for robots equipped with artificial intelligence: looking at functional and technological aspects.KaoriIshii -2019 -AI and Society 34 (3):509-533.
    This paper undertakes a comparative legal study to analyze the challenges of privacy and personal data protection posed by Artificial Intelligence embedded in Robots, and to offer policy suggestions. After identifying the benefits from various AI usages and the risks posed by AI-related technologies, I then analyze legal frameworks and relevant discussions in the EU, USA, Canada, and Japan, and further consider the efforts of Privacy by Design originating in Ontario, Canada. While various AI usages provide great convenience, many issues, (...) including profiling, discriminatory decisions, lack of transparency, and impeding consent, have emerged. The unpredictability arising from the AI machine learning function poses further difficulties, which have only been partially addressed by legal frameworks in the aforementioned jurisdictions. However, analyzing the relevant discussions yielded several suggestions. The first priority is adopting PbD as the most flexible, soft-legal, and preferable approach toward AI-oriented issues. Implementing PbD will protect individual privacy and personal data without specific efforts, and achieve both the development of AI and the advancement of privacy and personal data protection. Technical measures that can adapt to an individual’s dynamic choices according to the “context” should be further developed. Furthermore, alternative technical measures, including those to solve the “algorithmic black box” or achieve differential privacy, warrant thorough examination. If AI surpasses human intelligence, a terminating function, such as a “kill switch” will be the last resort to preserve individual choice. Despite numerous difficulties, we must prepare for the coming AI-prevalent society by taking a flexible approach. (shrink)
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  2. Genetics and “Breeding as a Science”: Kihara Hitoshi and the Development of Genetics in Japan in the First Half of the Twentieth Century.Kaori Iida -2015 - In Sharon Kingsland & Denise Phillips,New Perspectives on the History of Life Sciences and Agriculture. Springer Verlag.
     
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  3.  60
    Icon, index, symbol and denotation, connotation, metasign.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii &YuichiroIshii -2007 -Semiotica 2007 (166):393-407.
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  4.  7
    Mothers adjust their demonstrations based on children’s imitation task performance.Kaori Nagata &Kazuo Hiraki -2024 -Interaction Studies 25 (2):125-145.
    As children grow, they increasingly encounter situations requiring them to follow multiple steps to manipulate objects or perform actions. This study examines how caregivers adjust their instructional behavior when a child fails to correctly execute part of a multi-step procedure. Thirty-two mothers demonstrated to their 2–3-year-old children how to use a novel toy with three action sequences. A motion capture system measured the movements of each mother’s hand during demonstrations to assess whether mothers modulated their motions during each manipulation phase. (...) Analyses revealed that mothers changed their demonstrations depending on their children’s imitation task performance. Specifically, mothers shortened their demonstrations for the parts that the children could perform and emphasized their movements for the parts that the children could not perform. This study reveal that, unlike in previous studies, infant-directed actions may contain strategies that are more understandable to children depending on the purpose of the action. (shrink)
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  5.  5
    理理相即說の形成.KoseiIshii -1989 -Philosophia (Misc.) 76:85-99.
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  6.  11
    Electroweak Baryogenesis and Its Phenomenology.Kaori Fuyuto -2018 - Singapore: Imprint: Springer.
    This thesis focuses on one of the mechanisms for solving the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) which is a long-standing open question in both particle physics and cosmophysics. Electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG) is one attractive hypothetical scenario to solve this mystery because it can be verified by collider experiments. The author aims to clarify the possibility of EWBG, and to show its verifiability using the Higgs physics and electric dipole moments (EDMs) of an electron, neutron, and proton. The thesis begins (...) with a review of the BAU and EWBG. Subsequently, the possibility of EWBG in one effective model is discussed, which can be applied to some motivated physics beyond the Standard Model. Numerical analyses of electroweak phase transition and sphaleron solution are presented, and the closed time path formalism is also explained to estimate the BAU. After essential calculations for investigation of the possibility of EWBG, the relationship between the BAU and EDMs is described. Through the discussion of the result, it is concluded that both EDMs and the Higgs physics verify the scenario completely. The whole discussion in this thesis causes us to accept the current situation that is ripe for verification of EWBG. (shrink)
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  7.  9
    Tatakau koto ni imi wa aru no ka: heiwa no kachi o meguru tetsugakuteki kokoromi.Kaori Satō,Kenju Endō &Norihiro Yokochi (eds.) -2023 - Aomori-ken Hirosaki-shi: Hirosaki Daigaku Shuppankai.
    人間であること、これを問う政治哲学の徹底。その先に見えるのは、果たして平和的共存の根源性か、戦いのそのとき、自分以外ではありえない人間の生々しさか。.
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  8.  21
    Anthropology and Japanese Modernity.Kaori Sugishita -2006 -Theory, Culture and Society 23 (2-3):474-476.
  9.  55
    An instance vs. the instance.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii -2009 -Minds and Machines 19 (1):117-128.
    This article argues how one problem of computing lies in realizing a significant instance given a class or type. Analysis of a case study on digital narrative suggests two general processes for instantiating significant instances: interaction and optimization. The article then explains how the problem of universals needs to be deconstructed when trying to understand what type of entities significant instances are and what the process for obtaining them is.
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  10.  34
    Reflexivity and self-augmentation.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii -2010 -Semiotica 2010 (180):1-17.
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  11.  22
    Thirdness as self-reference in computing.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii &YuichiroIshii -2006 -Semiotica 2006 (160):327-343.
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  12.  33
    Dyadic versus triadic sign models in functional and object-oriented computer programming paradigms.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii -2006 -Semiotica 2006 (158):213-231.
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  13.  21
    Florence Nightingale and the Irish Uncanny.Kaori Nagai -2004 -Feminist Review 77 (1):26-45.
    This article characterizes Florence Nightingale's nursing reform as the cleaning of the Victorian home which she found unheimlich. She laid strong emphasis on an improvement in the hygiene of the house as a significant part of nursing, and, by establishing the nurse as a new occupation, gave the surplus of unmarried women a decent means of escape from the stifling domesticity in which they had been helplessly trapped. Her nursing at once reformed and reinforced the traditional role of woman as (...) a domestic figure, for she created the nurse as a mother figure in charge of the home space. In the Crimean War, Nightingale successfully nursed the idea of England as Home by attending to the dying soldiers at the front. Her crusade to nurse the unhomely space into a home, however, dismissed one uncanny place inside the imperial Home that needed urgent nursing, that is, Ireland, which had been suffering from the Great Famine and its aftermath. Nightingale confronted Irish Sisters of Mercy, who came to the Crimea to save the lives and souls of the Irish soldiers. These Irish nuns not only embodied the memories of the Famine which they had recently relieved, but also threatened Nightingale's single female authority by representing Ireland as a nation through their equally motherly presence. The service of the Irish nuns in the Crimean War was erased from the myth of the Lady with the Lamp. Nightingale could establish herself as an authoritative female subject and assumed the voice of England only by suppressing another female voice which challenged England's competence in Home management. (shrink)
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  14.  372
    Everything but the kitchen sink: how (not) to give a plenitudinarian solution to the paradox of flexible origin essentialism.Teresa RobertsonIshii -2021 -Philosophical Studies 179 (1):133-161.
    I explore options for a plenitudinarian solution to the Paradox of Flexible Origin Essentialism, taking as my unlikely starting point the views of Sarah-Jane Leslie, who holds that if plenitudinarianism is true, then there is in fact no paradox to be solved, only the illusion of one. The first three sections are expository: Sect. 1 on plenitudinarianism, Sect. 2 on the paradox, and Sect. 3 on Leslie’s views about how plenitudinarianism bears on the paradox. In Sect. 4, I reject the (...) contention that there is no paradox and critically explore three options for a plenitudinarian solution. In Sect. 5, I argue that the plenitudinarian ought to endorse a fourth option. In Sect. 6, I consider an objection. I endorse neither plenitudinarianism nor its denial; the main aim of the paper is to argue that for one who does endorse plenitudinarianism, the best solution to the Paradox of Flexible Origin Essentialism is clear. (shrink)
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  15.  31
    Void of sign.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii -2017 -Semiotica 2017 (218):119-135.
    This article examines the concept of void with the question of whether the concept forms a sign. A void in this article is defined as a spatio-temporal empty space existing in a representation. The aim of the analysis is to consider the hidden nature of signs, which cannot be highlighted only through an analysis of typical signs within social convention. As a semiotic tool to conduct the discussion, the notion of a zero sign of Lévi-Strauss is introduced. The article considers (...) all possible zeros that can exist within the Saussurian sign model and introduces three cases: an omitted sign, an ambiguous signified, and an ambiguous sign. After examining the features of each kind, the concept of void is considered in these terms, with the conclusion that it belongs to the ambiguous sign case. Analysis of void with respect to the zero sign highlights the nature of signs as being reflexive, holistic and speculative. Because the signifier is barely delimited, it influences the surrounding sign systems, including the one existing at the meta-level. An ambiguous sign is deemed to allow for concept sharing among people even when the signifier and the signified remain ambiguous. (shrink)
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  16.  22
    Narcissus in language: A semiotic contrast of natural and computer language through self-reference.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii -2008 -Semiotica 2008 (172):299-311.
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  17. Ai to kanʾyō ni tsuite.SakumiIshii -1972
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  18. Control of Eye Movements in Reading Comics.TakuIshii,Takeharu Igaki,Takahide Omori,Keiko Kurata &Naoe Masuda -2006 - In D. Andler, M. Okada & I. Watanabe,Reasoning and Cognition. pp. 281.
  19.  7
    Mikuro kosumosu e no chōsen.TakemochiIshii (ed.) -1984 - Tōkyō: Nakayama Shoten.
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  20.  7
    Marukusu ni okeru Hēgeru mondai.NobuoIshii -2002 - Tōkyō: Ochanomizu Shobō.
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  21.  25
    Long-Range Correlation Underlying Childhood Language and Generative Models.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9.
    Long-range correlation, a property of time series exhibiting long-term memory, is mainly studied in the statistical physics domain and has been reported to exist in natural language. Using a state-of-the-art method for such analysis, long-range correlation is first shown to occur in long CHILDES data sets. To understand why, Bayesian generative models of language, originally proposed in the cognitive scientific domain, are investigated. Among representative models, the Simon model was found to exhibit surprisingly good long-range correlation, but {\em not} the (...) Pitman-Yor model. Since the Simon model is known not to correctly reflect the vocabulary growth of natural language, a simple new model is devised as a conjunct of the Simon and Pitman-Yor models, such that long-range correlation holds with a correct vocabulary growth rate. The investigation overall suggests that uniform sampling is one cause of long-range correlation and could thus have a relation with actual linguistic processes. (shrink)
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  22.  24
    Sign and the lambda-term.Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii &YuichiroIshii -2008 -Semiotica 2008 (169):197-220.
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  23.  13
    Mind the gap: On negative and positive origin essentialism.Teresa RobertsonIshii -2025 -Asian Journal of Philosophy 4 (1):1-21.
    In “A New Problem for Kripkean Defenses of Origin Theses”, Sungil Han calls attention to a gap between the negative conclusions of arguments for origin essentialism (claims to the effect that a given thing could not originate in a certain way), and the positive conclusions one might hope for (claims to the effect that a given thing must originate in a certain way if it exists at all). Han proposes a way of bridging the gap. While I agree with Han (...) that there is indeed such a gap, there is an important difference in what Han and I take the negative claims of Kripke(ans) to be. As a result, I propose a bridge that is significantly different from his. I argue that my approach is superior to Han’s. (shrink)
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  24.  22
    ‘The Public’ in Japan.Kaori Hayashi -2006 -Theory, Culture and Society 23 (2-3):615-616.
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  25.  17
    (1 other version)Applying Gloria Anzaldúa’s Creative Works to Speculative Realism.SaraIshii -2021 -philoSOPHIA: A Journal of Continental Feminism 11 (1-2):1-25.
    In a 1983 interview with Christine Weiland, Gloria Anzaldúa posited that human and nonhuman connectivity exists outside hierarchical arrangements. Some twenty years after Anzaldúa’s interview, the “Speculative Turn” emerged in continental philosophy which critiques anthropocentrism in modern philosophy and reconceptualizes nonhuman subjectivity. While Anzaldúa’s scholarship addresses core issues that are highlighted by the speculative turn, little scholarship exists that places her into conversation with these new trajectories in continental philosophy. In this essay, I aim to contribute to this nascent scholarship (...) and explore the question, How can Anzaldúa’s creative work contribute to and expand scholarship of the speculative turn? I investigate how Anzaldúa’s work can help bridge connections between differing veins of speculative turn thought, specifically Graham Harman’s object-oriented philosophy and Jane Bennett’s vital materialism. Conversations between Harman and Bennett demonstrate a split in understanding nonhuman autonomy and relationality and represent incompatibilities between OOP and VM. Interested in these departures, I posit that Anzaldúa’s creative works, such as poetry and drawing, offer ways to challenge problematic human/nonhuman relations and bridge philosophical divides within the speculative turn. (shrink)
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  26.  8
    Nishi Amane to "tetsugaku" no tanjō =.MasamiIshii -2019 - Hachiōji-shi: Horinōchi Shuppan.
    徳川慶喜のブレーンにして明治政府の高級官僚。翻訳論、日本語論、軍事論。知の百面相・西周初の入門書。.
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  27. Tadashii sekaikan.TomoyukiIshii (ed.) -1949
     
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  28.  41
    Word and voice: Spontaneous attention to emotional utterances in two languages.Shinobu Kitayama &KeikoIshii -2002 -Cognition and Emotion 16 (1):29-59.
    Adopting a modified Stroop task, the authors tested the hypothesis that processing systems brought to bear on comprehension of emotional speech are attuned primarily to word evaluation in a low-context culture and language (i.e., in English), but they are attuned primarily to vocal emotion in a high-context culture and language (i.e., in Japanese). Native Japanese (Studies 1 and 2) and English speakers (Study 3) made a judgement of either vocal emotion or word evaluation of an emotionally spoken evaluative word. Word (...) evaluations and vocal emotions were comparable in extremity in the two languages. In support of the hypothesis, an interference effect by competing word evaluation in the vocal emotion judgement was significantly stronger in English than in Japanese. In contrast, an interference effect by competing vocal emotion in the word evaluation judgement was stronger in Japanese than in English. Implications for the cultural grounding of communication, emotion, and cognition are discussed. (shrink)
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  29.  198
    Modal Paradox.Teresa RobertsonIshii -2014 - In Jonathan Berg,Naming, Necessity and More: Explorations in the Philosophical Work of Saul Kripke. London and New York: Palgrave. pp. 54-80.
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  30.  167
    Reference.Teresa RobertsonIshii -2011 - In Gillian Russell & Delia Graff Fara,Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Language. New York, USA: Routledge. pp. 189-198. Translated by Delia Graff Fara.
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  31. Innenschau : eine aus dem Buddhismus erwachsene Meditationsmethode.AkiraIshii -2019 - In Armin Morich,Aussenseiter, Sinnsucher, Visionäre. Basel: Schwabe Verlag.
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  32. Kami to takamaru "mitama": Nihonjin no shiseikan.HisaoIshii -1983 - Hiroshima-shi: Ashikabisha.
     
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  33. Li Zehou's aesthetics and the Confucian "body" of Chinese cultural sedimentation : an inquiry into alternative interpretations of Confucianism.TsuyoshiIshii -2018 - In Roger T. Ames & Jinhua Jia,Li Zehou and Confucian philosophy. Honolulu: East-West Center.
     
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  34.  6
    Ningen no genzai: posutomodanisuto shiron.SeishiIshii -1990 - Ōsaka-shi: Tōhō Shuppan.
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  35.  8
    Tetsugakusha no tanjō: Dekaruto shoki shisō no kenkyō.TadaatsuIshii -1992 - Tōkyō: Tōkai Daigaku Shuppankai.
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  36.  196
    A Puzzle About Kinds.Teresa RobertsonIshii -2018 -Philosophical Perspectives 32 (1):352-364.
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  37.  33
    Peaceful atoms in Japan: Radioisotopes as shared technical and sociopolitical resources for the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission and the Japanese scientific community in the 1950s.Kaori Iida -2020 -Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 80:101240.
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  38.  97
    Individual Differences in Reproductive Strategy are Related to Views about Recreational Drug Use in Belgium, The Netherlands, and Japan.Katinka J. P. Quintelier,KeikoIshii,Jason Weeden,Robert Kurzban &Johan Braeckman -2013 -Human Nature 24 (2):196-217.
    Individual differences in moral views are often explained as the downstream effect of ideological commitments, such as political orientation and religiosity. Recent studies in the U.S. suggest that moral views about recreational drug use are also influenced by attitudes toward sex and that this relationship cannot be explained by ideological commitments. In this study, we investigate student samples from Belgium, The Netherlands, and Japan. We find that, in all samples, sexual attitudes are strongly related to views about recreational drug use, (...) even after controlling for various ideological variables. We discuss our results in light of reproductive strategies as determinants of moral views. (shrink)
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  39.  61
    When Is Perception Top-Down and When Is It Not? Culture, Narrative, and Attention.Sawa Senzaki,Takahiko Masuda &KeikoIshii -2014 -Cognitive Science 38 (7):1493-1506.
    Previous findings in cultural psychology indicated that East Asians are more likely than North Americans to be attentive to contextual information (e.g., Nisbett & Masuda, ). However, to what extent and in which conditions culture influences patterns of attention has not been fully examined. As a result, universal patterns of attention may be obscured, and culturally unique patterns may be wrongly assumed to be constant across situations. By carrying out two cross-cultural studies, we demonstrated that (a) both European Canadians and (...) Japanese attended to moving objects similarly when the task was to simply observe the visual information; however, (b) there were cultural variations in patterns of attention when participants actively engaged in the task by constructing narratives of their observation (narrative construction). These findings suggest that cultural effects are most pronounced in narrative construction conditions, where the need to act in accordance with a culturally shared meaning system is elicited. (shrink)
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  40.  477
    Some Highs and Lows of Hylomorphism: On a Paradox about Property Abstraction.Teresa RobertsonIshii &Nathan Salmón -2020 -Philosophical Studies 177 (6):1549-1563.
    We defend hylomorphism against Maegan Fairchild’s purported proof of its inconsistency. We provide a deduction of a contradiction from SH+, which is the combination of “simple hylomorphism” and an innocuous premise. We show that the deduction, reminiscent of Russell’s Paradox, is proof-theoretically valid in classical higher-order logic and invokes an impredicatively defined property. We provide a proof that SH+ is nevertheless consistent in a free higher-order logic. It is shown that the unrestricted comprehension principle of property abstraction on which the (...) purported proof of inconsistency relies is analogous to naïve unrestricted set-theoretic comprehension. We conclude that logic imposes a restriction on property comprehension, a restriction that is satisfied by the ramified theory of types. By extension, our observations constitute defenses of theories that are structurally similar to SH+, such as the theory of singular propositions, against similar purported disproofs. (shrink)
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  41. Review of Laurence BonJour'sIn Defense of Pure Reason (Cambridge UP 1998). [REVIEW]Teresa RobertsonIshii -2000 -European Journal of Philosophy 8 (1):130-133.
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  42.  28
    Interpersonal reactions toward depression and anger.Kaori Karasawa -2003 -Cognition and Emotion 17 (1):123-138.
  43.  27
    Two Senses of ‘Essence’ and a Straw Man.Teresa RobertsonIshii -2024 -Critica 56 (168):3-27.
    In this paper, I distinguish two senses of the word ‘essence’ both of which figure prominently in recent analytic metaphysics. To disambiguate, I adopt the terminology of ‘modal essence’ (for how a thing metaphysically must be) and ‘whatness essence’ (for what a thing is). With the help of this terminology, I address Kit Fine’s charge that modal metaphysics in the framework of Saul Kripke’s Naming and Necessity proffers an incorrect conceptual analysis of whatness essence. I show that the charge is (...) baseless, and thus that there is no justification for Fine’s verdict that the Kripkean conception of metaphysics should be given up. (shrink)
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  44.  37
    L’économie, d’une rive à l’autre.Yûichi Shionoya &Kaori Kasaï -2019 -Revue de Philosophie Économique 20 (1):197-210.
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  45.  34
    Les fondateurs de la philosophie économique au Japon : Kiichirô Sôda et Kôzô Sugimura.Yûichi Shionoya &Kaori Kasaï -2019 -Revue de Philosophie Économique 20 (1):211-246.
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  46.  49
    One Label or Two? Linguistic Influences on the Similarity Judgment of Objects between English and Japanese Speakers.Takahiko Masuda,KeikoIshii,Koji Miwa,Marghalara Rashid,Hajin Lee &Rania Mahdi -2017 -Frontiers in Psychology 8.
  47.  138
    Measures of Mentoring, Department Climate, and Graduate Student Preparedness in the Responsible Conduct of Psychological Research.Sabrina J. Goodman,Kaori Kubo Germano,Adam L. Fried &Celia B. Fisher -2009 -Ethics and Behavior 19 (3):227-252.
    Drawing upon two independent national samples of 201 and 241 psychology graduate students, this article describes the development and psychometric evaluation of 4 Web-based student self-report scales tapping student socialization in the responsible conduct of research (RCR) with human participants. The Mentoring the Responsible Conduct of Research Scale (MRCR) is composed of 2 subscales assessing RCR instruction and modeling by research mentors. The 2 subscales of the RCR Department Climate Scale (RCR-DC) assess RCR department policies and faculty and student RCR (...) practices. The RCR Preparedness scale (RCR-P) and the RCR Field Integrity scale (RCR-FI) measure respectively students' confidence in their ability to conduct research responsibly and their belief in the RCR integrity of psychology as a discipline. Factor analysis, coefficient alphas, correlations, and multiple regression analyses demonstrated each of the scales had good internal consistency and concurrent and construct validity. (shrink)
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  48. Wakaritai anata no tame no gendai shisō, nyūmon: Sarutoru kara Derida, Durūzu made, chi no saizensen no kanzen mitorizu!Shūhei Kosaka &ShinjiIshii (eds.) -1984 - Tōkyō: JICC Shuppankyoku.
     
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  49.  21
    Theoretical studies on clean and adsorbed surfaces of Ag-In-Yb.Kazuki Nozawa &YasushiIshii -2011 -Philosophical Magazine 91 (19-21):2913-2919.
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  50.  4
    (Not So) Lost in Translation: Considering the GA4GH Diversity in Datasets Policy in the Japanese Context.Momoko Sato,Kaori Muto,Yukihide Momozawa &Yann Joly -2025 -Asian Bioethics Review 17 (1):59-72.
    The genomics community has long acknowledged the lack of diversity in datasets used for research, prompting various stakeholders to confront this issue. In response, the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) formulated a policy framework that recognizes the multiplicity of perspectives on diversity and proposed a systemic approach for more optimal data diversity. Given the importance of the research context, assessing this policy’s applicability within countries where diversity is less discussed is important. This study investigated the feasibility of implementing (...) the GA4GH policy in Japan, a nation with a smaller genetic diversity than many Western countries. As the proportion of East Asian genomic research is limited internationally, focusing on the Japanese genome contributes to enhancing diversity. Meanwhile, labelling findings as “Japanese” can inadvertently reinforce perceptions of homogeneity and overlook ethnic minorities. Regions and socioeconomic status are also recognized as substantial factors of diversity within academia, yet concerns persist among the public regarding the heritability of stigmatized conditions. Social inclusion of sexual minorities has begun in Japan, but research surveys generally still use binary sex and gender categories, which underscores the need for additional variables. This study found that both academia and the public need to confront the overemphasis on homogeneity within Japanese society and hesitancy in addressing genetic factors. By doing so, more inclusive and diverse datasets can advance the field both ethically and scientifically. Perhaps the most important impact of the GA4GH policy will be to draw greater attention to the complex diversity challenges ahead in Japan. (shrink)
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