Meaningful Learning Experiences in Everyday Life During Pandemics. A Qualitative Study.Irene González-Ceballos,Montserrat Palma,Josep Maria Serra &MoisèsEsteban-Guitart -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12:670886.detailsThe COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the lives of people all over the world. In particular, an unprecedented educational crisis has occurred due to the circumstances of physical distancing and remote learning. This article focuses specifically on the meaningful learning experiences in the everyday lives of adolescents during the pandemic. 72 meaningful learning experiences were identified from 11 participants who recorded their specific learning experiences for a week by a means of a journal recorded by themselves. A content analysis was (...) undertaken in order to identify the ecology (what, how, where, and who with) of the different learning experiences. The results show a prevalence of personal and conceptual learning, a presence of both formal and specifically informal, everyday activities among the meaningful learning experiences detected, the importance of peers, teacher and “learning experiences while alone,” and the use of digital technologies as learning resources; they also reveal the assistance of others in the learning process. The main contribution of this study illustrates how students in everyday life during pandemics are involved in a whole range of different activities both at school and at home. (shrink)
Dancing With Health: Quality of Life and Physical Improvements From an EU Collaborative Dance Programme With Women Following Breast Cancer Treatment.Vicky Karkou,Irene Dudley-Swarbrick,Jennifer Starkey,Ailsa Parsons,Supritha Aithal,Joanna Omylinska-Thurston,Helena M. Verkooijen,Rosalie van den Boogaard,Yoanna Dochevska,Stefka Djobova,Ivaylo Zdravkov,Ivelina Dimitrova,Aldona Moceviciene,Adriana Bonifacino,Alexis Matua Asumi,Dolores Forgione,Andrea Ferrari,Elisa Grazioli,Claudia Cerulli,Eliana Tranchita,Massimo Sacchetti &Attilio Parisi -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.detailsBackground:Women's health has received renewed attention in the last few years including health rehabilitation options for women affected by breast cancer. Dancing has often been regarded as one attractive option for supporting women's well-being and health, but research with women recovering from breast cancer is still in its infancy. Dancing with Health is multi-site pilot study that aimed to evaluate a dance programme for women in recovery from breast cancer across five European countries.Methods:A standardized 32 h dance protocol introduced a (...) range of Latin American dances presented within a sports and exercise framework with influences from dance movement therapy. Fifty-four women (M age 53.51; SD 7.99) participated in the study who had a breast cancer diagnosis 6 weeks, no indication of metastasis, or scheduled surgery/chemotherapy/radiation treatment for the duration of the intervention. Primary outcome data was collected for anthropometric and fitness measures next to cancer-related quality of life.T-tests and Wilcoxon signed ranked tests were used to establish differences pre and post intervention. Cohen's d was also calculated to determine the effect size of the intervention.Results:Statistically significant changes were found for: (i) weight, right and left forearm circumference and hip; (ii) 6 min walking, right and left handgrip, sit-to-stand and sit-and-reach; (iii) the EORTC-QLQ C30 summary score as well as the subscales of emotional and social functioning and symptoms. In all cases the direction of change was positive, while Cohen's d calculated showed that the effect of the intervention for these parameters ranged from intermediate to large.Conclusion:Changes on the above anthropometric, fitness and quality of life measures suggest that the intervention was of value to the participating women recovering from breast cancer. Results also advocate collaborative efforts across countries to further research. (shrink)
On the semantics of artifactual kind terms.Irene Olivero &Massimiliano Carrara -2021 -Philosophy Compass 16 (11):e12778.detailsWhat kind of reference (if any) do terms such as “pencil,” “chair,” “television,” and so on have? On the matter, a de-bate between directly referential theorists and descriptiv-ist theorists is open. It is largely acknowledged that natural kind terms (such as “water,” “gold,” “tiger,” etc.) are directly referential expressions (cf. Putnam,1975). That is, they are expressions whose reference is determined by their refer-ents' nature, independent of whether we know or will ever know what this nature is. However, it does not (...) seem like-wise convincing that all artifactual kind terms (like “pen-cil,” “chair,” “television,” etc.) semantically behave the same. Terms for artifactual kinds seem more likely to be subjected to a descriptivist view, that is, definable not by links to their extensions' nature but in terms of conjunctions or clusters of properties. In his celebrated “The Meaning of ‘Meaning’” (1975), Hilary Putnam originated the mentioned debate by arguing that artifactual kind terms also refer directly. Thus, the discussion ultimately revolves around establishing whether artifactual and natural kind terms are both directly referential expressions. The authors engaged in this debate have tried to argue in favor of (or against) Putnam's proposal by highlighting the similarities (or differences) between nat-ural vis-à-vis artifactual kind words and their respective ref-erents. This paper aims to provide a thorough and reasoned overview of the debate at stake, pointing out trends and problems associated with each proposed account. (shrink)
Integrating AI ethics in wildlife conservation AI systems in South Africa: a review, challenges, and future research agenda.Irene Nandutu,Marcellin Atemkeng &Patrice Okouma -2023 -AI and Society 38 (1):245-257.detailsWith the increased use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in wildlife conservation, issues around whether AI-based monitoring tools in wildlife conservation comply with standards regarding AI Ethics are on the rise. This review aims to summarise current debates and identify gaps as well as suggest future research by investigating (1) current AI Ethics and AI Ethics issues in wildlife conservation, (2) Initiatives Stakeholders in AI for wildlife conservation should consider integrating AI Ethics in wildlife conservation. We find that the existing literature (...) weakly focuses on AI Ethics and AI Ethics in wildlife conservation while at the same time ignores AI Ethics integration in AI systems for wildlife conservation. This paper formulates an ethically aligned AI system framework and discusses pre-eminent on-demand AI systems in wildlife conservation. The proposed framework uses agile software life cycle methodology to implement guidelines towards the ethical upgrade of any existing AI system or the development of any new ethically aligned AI system. The guidelines enforce, among others, the minimisation of intentional harm and bias, diversity in data collection, design compliance, auditing of all activities in the framework and ease of code inspection. This framework will inform AI developers, users, conservationists, and policymakers on what to consider when integrating AI Ethics into AI-based systems for wildlife conservation. (shrink)
A comparative analysis of intelligent techniques to predict energy generated by a small wind turbine from atmospheric variables.Santiago Porras,Esteban Jove,Bruno Baruque &José Luis Calvo-Rolle -2023 -Logic Journal of the IGPL 31 (4):648-663.detailsThe harmful consequences of fossil fuels use has resulted in the promotion of clean and renewable energies. During the past decades, green technologies have experienced a strong development, paying especial attention to wind energy, that covers a significant share of the electric energy demand. In this context, the main efforts are focused on the optimization of wind generator facilities, not only in the mechanic design but also in the energy management. Then, the present work deals with the prediction of the (...) energy generated in a small wind turbine placed in a bioclimatic house located on the north west region of Spain. This includes an analysis of the characteristics of the atmospheric variables registered during the turbine operation for a period of one year and an exploratory examination of a range of regression techniques in order to assess the suitability of using the registered information to predict the installation’s power generation levels on the short term. The study detailed in this work proves that this objective is an attainable one with a good degree of accuracy. (shrink)
Trame di storia. Il mosaico di Otranto, le cronache universali e l’immagine della regalità.Ilaria Molteni &Irene Quadri -2020 -Convivium 7 (2):110-131.detailsThis paper considers the mosaic floor of the cathedral of Otranto from the viewpoint of the relationship between the decorative program and the tradition of medieval historiography. Analysis of the mosaic’s organization shows that it is modeled on the universal chronicles. From this perspective, the study of literary sources demonstrates how historiographical and biblical motifs serve to build a picture of cosmic history that accommodates Norman sovereigns. The mosaic’s decorative motifs also function in constructing an image of royalty based on (...) the concepts of legitimation and universal vocation of power themes that belong to a very widespread repertoire throughout the Mediterranean basin. Closely linked to the circulation of luxury objects, this visual lexis becomes the prerogative of the courtly cultures that dominated the area, where it is used to promote the ruling classes’ images. (shrink)
(1 other version)Facing Emergence.Irene Portis-Winner -2008 -Semiotics 37 (1-2):278-286.detailsThis article considers what happened to American anthropology, which was initiated by the scientist Franz Boas, who commanded all fields of anthropology,physical, biological, and cultural. Boas was a brave field worker who explored Eskimo land, and inspired two famous students, Ruth Benedict and Margaret Mead, to cross borders in new kinds of studies. After this florescence, there was a general return to linear descriptive positivism, superficial comparisons of quantitative cultural traits, and false evolutionary schemes, which did not introduce us to (...) the personalities and inner worlds of the tribal peoples studied. The 1953 study by the philosopher David Bidney was a revelation. Bidney enunciated and clarified all my doubts about the paths of anthropology and his work became to some extent a model for a narration of the story of American anthropology. In many ways he envisaged a semiotics of culture formulated by Lotman. I try to illustrate the fallacies listed by Bidney and how they have been partially overcome in some later anthropological studies which have focused on symbolism, artistry, and subjective qualities of the people studied. I then try to give an overview of the school started by Lotman that spans all human behavior, that demonstrates the complexity of meaning and communication, in vast areas of knowledge, from art, literature, science, and philosophy, that abjured strict relativism and closed systems and has become an inspiration for those who want anthropology to encompass the self and the other, and Bahtin’s double meaning. This paper was inspired by Bidney as a call to explore widely all possible worlds, not to abandon science and reality but to explore deeper inner interrelations and how the aesthetic may be indeed be paramount in the complexities of communication. (shrink)
Sobrendeudamiento, ejecuciones hipotecarias y cuestionamiento de la legitimidad de las deudas.Irene Sabaté Muriel -2019 -Arbor 195 (793):516.detailsComo consecuencia de la crisis económica, inmobiliaria y financiera experimentada en España en los últimos años, muchos deudores hipotecarios no pueden hacer frente a sus cuotas y corren el riesgo de perder sus viviendas, en ocasiones conservando una deuda imposible de afrontar. El sobrendeudamiento y la morosidad hipotecaria abocan así a ciertas economías domésticas a situaciones insostenibles que pueden llevar a una reordenación de los gastos y necesidades, entre los que las cuotas hipotecarias dejan de tener prioridad. La legitimación de (...) la condición de moroso que puede observarse en esos casos es un fenómeno con importantes implicaciones antropológicas, en la medida en que constituye un cuestionamiento de la obligación de devolver el préstamo. Desde el punto de vista de los deudores y de quienes les brindan apoyo, caer en el impago, lejos de constituir una transgresión moralmente reprobable, puede entenderse como un acto de responsabilidad que tiende al sostenimiento de la vida. (shrink)
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La necessità della natura e la necessità dei dialettici. Un’analisi della distinzione tra necessità assoluta e necessità condizionata tra XI e XII secolo.Irene Binini -2021 -Noctua 8 (1–2):263-302.detailsThis essay examines the way in which the modal concept of necessity was discussed and analyzed in some eleventh- and early twelfth-century sources, such as Peter Damian’s De divina omnipotentia, Anselm of Canterbury’s Cur deus homo and several anonymous commentaries on Aristotle’s De interpretatione that were presumably composed in the first two decades of the twelfth century by logicians connected to William of Champeaux’s and Peter Abelard’s milieu. My aim is to offer a comparison of these different sources with respect (...) to their use of the Boethian distinction between two types or kinds of necessity, namely, the “absolute” or “simple” necessity that is involved in statements like “God is necessarily immortal” or “it is necessary for humans to be animals”, and the “conditional” or “temporal” necessity that is at stake when we say, for instance, that someone necessarily walks when he is walking. (shrink)
Building Arguments Together or Alone? Using Learning Analytics to Study the Collaborative Construction of Argument Diagrams.Irene-Angelica Chounta,Bruce M. McClaren &Maralee Harrell -2017 - In Brian K. Smith, Marcela Borge, Emma Mercier & Kyu Yon Lim,Making a Difference: Prioritizing Equity and Access in CSCL, 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) 2017. pp. 589-592.detailsResearch has shown that the construction of visual representations may have a positive effect on cognitive skills, including argumentation. In this paper we present a study on learning argumentation through computer-supported argument diagramming. We specifically focus on whether students, when provided with an argument-diagramming tool, create better diagrams, are more motivated, and learn more when working with other students or on their own. We use learning analytics to evaluate a variety of student activities: pre and post questionnaires to explore motivational (...) changes; the argument diagrams created by students to evaluate richness, complexity and completion; and pre and post knowledge tests to evaluate learning gains. (shrink)
Droit et Théologie Dans la Pensée Scolastique.Alain Boureau &Irène Rosier-Catach -2008 -Revue de Synthèse 129 (4):509-528.detailsQuelle place est faite au droit des hommes dans une société chrétienne? On étudiera d'abord l'entrée du droit dans l'exégèse, avec Hugues de Saint-Cher, puis le cas, privilégié, du serment et du mensonge, ici analysé dans l'oeuvre de Pierre de Jean Olivi (ca 1280). On verra émerger les notions d'engagement et d'obligation - envers le prochain et envers Dieu. L'obligation est réalisée par la prononciation de paroles, qui prime sur tout autre circonstance de l'acte. Elle repose sur la reconnaissance d'une (...) norme qui renvoie non seulement à des propositions exprimées, mais aussi à des implicites tacitement admis dans une communauté. (shrink)
An Explanation for School Failure: Moving Beyond Black Inferiority and Alienation as a Policy-Making Agenda.Kimberly Lenease King,Irene S. Houston &Renée A. Middleton -2001 -British Journal of Educational Studies 49 (4):428-445.detailsNumerous authors identify a white supremacist ideology that shapes the educational opportunities for racially diverse students. We contend that this ideology informs educational policy and hampers the likelihood that racially diverse populations can achieve success at levels similar to students of European descent. In this paper we define the white supremacist ideology as it informs education policy and practices. Three examples from the United States are then used to illustrate the influence of such an ideology. These examples include the creation (...) and protection of racially segregated schooling; desegregation policies; and the current uses of school report cards. We conclude with the relevance of this discussion to educational debates in Great Britain and South Africa, and recommendations to minimise the influence of this ideology on education policy and school reform efforts. (shrink)
A Galileo Forgery: Unmasking the New York Sidereus Nuncius.Paul Needham,Irene Brückle &Horst Bredekamp (eds.) -2011 - De Gruyter.detailsV. 1 is a detailed analysis of a previously unknown proof copy of the first edition of Galileo's Sidereus nuncius, in which watercolor drawings appear in place of the etchings of the published edition, consigned in 2005 to the antiquarian bookselling firm of Martayan Lan. V. 2 is an account of the composition and production of the edition, based on analysis of extant copies as well as the New York proof copy. V. 3 was written in response to the discovery, (...) soon after the publication of v. 2, that the proof copy was in fact an elaborate forgery produced between 2003 and 2005 under the direction of Marino Massimo de Caro, as first reported in the article "A very rare book," by Nicholas Schmidle, in The New Yorker issue of 16 December 2013. V. 4, in German, is a heavily revised edition of Horst Bredekamp's Galilei der Künstler, which had included a chapter on the then unrecognized forgery. (shrink)
Virus entéricos humanos en alimentos: detección y métodos de inactivación.Walter Randazzo,Irene Falcó,Alba Pérez-Cataluña &Gloria Sánchez -2020 -Arbor 196 (795):539.detailsLos principales patógenos víricos que podemos adquirir ingiriendo alimentos contaminados son los norovirus, el virus de la hepatitis A y el virus de la hepatitis E que se propagan principalmente a través de la vía fecal oral. En los últimos años, la incidencia de brotes de transmisión alimentaria causados por estos patógenos ha experimentado un aumento considerable, en parte debido al comercio globalizado y a los cambios en los hábitos de consumo. Las matrices alimentarias que mayor riesgo representan para el (...) consumidor son los moluscos bivalvos, vegetales de IV gama, frutas tipo baya y platos listos para comer. Actualmente las técnicas moleculares son las más habituales para la detección de estos patógenos en alimentos, aunque todavía existen dudas acerca del significado de la presencia de estos genomas víricos en términos de seguridad alimentaria. La infectividad de estos patógenos en alimentos viene también determinada por su elevada persistencia ambiental y por su resistencia a los tratamientos aplicados para la conservación de los alimentos. (shrink)
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Beauty and society.TomásEsteban Salazar Steiger -2025 -Prometeica - Revista De Filosofía Y Ciencias 32.detailsEste artigo busca mostrar como a doutrina da beleza de Santo Alberto Magno e de São Tomás de Aquino carrega elementos valiosos para pensar a constituição de uma sociedade, que, como união de pessoas diversas, contém um problema antropológico, bem como um problema metafísico, sobre a relação entre unidade e multiplicidade. A referida doutrina da beleza aborda esta relação e também contém contribuições valiosas para uma melhor compreensão da própria natureza da sociedade.
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¿ Recepción o interceptación? Reflejos de la mirada heideggeriana hacia Kant.Irene Borges-Duarte -1995 -Anales Del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía 12:213.detailsEn la larga historia de la recepción de la filosofía crítica, Heidegger ocupa un lugar singular: más querecibir, intercepte la mirada y las problemáticas kantianas, que así ganan un contexto de sentido muy preciso pero distinto del suyo originario. Después de deshacer el principal equívoco ligado a la interpretación de este encuentro de miradas, se explicite la decisión hermenéutica heideggeriana y sus consecuencias tedricas más iniportantes.Dic ausgezeichnete Stelle Heideggers bei dei Gescluichte dei Rezeption dar kritischen Philosophie hat sein Cjrund darin, (...) dalA es sich dabei nicht um eme schlichte Rezeption handelt, sondern vid mehr mu das Abfangen cines Denkblicks durch cinen anderen, woznit der Erster in cm Kontext gelangt, das ibm von seiner Urrichtungablenkt. Von ciner “objektiveren” oder gar “subjektiveren” Kantauffassung Heideggers ist es aber nicht dic Rede, da dic hermeneutische Entscheidung Heideggers sich nur allmáhlich ini Gang seines Denkwegsvollzieht und dic eigentliche Auslegungsziele erreicht. (shrink)
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Sur la nature catégorielle de la vox au XII e siècle. Trois versions des Glosvlae in Priscianvm.Anne Grondeux &Irène Rosier-Catach -2012 -Archives d'Histoire Doctrinale et Littéraire du Moyen Âge 78 (1):259-333.detailsLa nature catégorielle de la « voix », substance, quantité ou qualité, fait débat chez les grammairiens et logiciens du début du xii e siècle. Les discussions grammaticales se lisent dans les commentaires sur Priscien, aux chapitres initiaux du De uoce et du De littera, dont on édite ici plusieurs témoins majeurs, trois versions des Glosulae super Priscianum et les Notae Dunelmenses qui en dérivent, témoins anonymes où se lit l’influence de Guillaume de Champeaux. Les arguments tirés de ces textes (...) sont repris dans les commentaires sur les Catégories, faisant apparaître les enjeux physique, logique, ontologique et sémantique des débats sur la voix. (shrink)
Cultura, poder y rol de los intelectuales: El dilema de la batalla en el campo.Claudio Esteban Merino Jara -2012 -Polis: Revista Latinoamericana 33.detailsEl siguiente trabajo se circunscribe en los dilemas que vivencia el profesional, el intelectual que se posiciona en una trinchera del conocimiento que tiene causa común con el enfrentamiento del modelo económico-social actual. Analiza la pugna que existe entre la satisfacción de necesidades de la institución donde trabaja y aquellas necesidades explicitas y latentes del grupo humano donde materializa el ejercicio disciplinario La finalidad, entonces, es sumarse al proyecto social que llama a la militancia en el campo, a la resignificación (...) del compromiso intelectual con la clase oprimida, a la lucha que deben dar en el campo los intelectuales, no solo contra el poder simbólico, sino en contra de la razón neoliberal. (shrink)
Financial Model for Universal Minimum Benefit for Spain.Noemi Pena Miguel,J. Inaki De la PeñaEsteban &Ana Fernandez-Sainz -2017 -Basic Income Studies 12 (1).detailsThe paper proposes a financial model suitable for ensuring the economic, financial and social sustainability of this basic protection. We have calculated the estimated cost for the Spanish population in 2010 and have estimated the cost for the following 12 years (three legislatures) under a range of demographic and economic assumptions. The results are then analysed to draw conclusions about the viability and sustainability of this basic social protection floor. A remarkable finding is that it is feasible to obtain greater (...) coverage, but by requiring contributions of the State or other financial resources. (shrink)