Two Essays on Moral Freedom from the Early Works of TanabeHajime.TanabeHajime,Takeshi Morisato &Cody Staton -2016 -Comparative and Continental Philosophy 8 (2):144-159.detailsThis article introduces English translations of Tanabe’s two essays entitled “Moral Freedom” and “On Moral Freedom Revisited.” In these essays, Tanabe tries to understand the unity of the contradictory division between freedom and necessity, while remaining truthful to the moral experience. Freedom is ultimately characterized as ideality that we ought to realize in reality, while the stage of religion constitutes the ultimate end of such moral struggles. Tanabe does not clearly work out how the continuity of the freedom-necessity discontinuity is (...) possible in these essays. Nevertheless, we can gain insight into the early stages of Tanabe’s practical metaphysics that culminate in his mature works on the philosophy of religion. The translators’ introduction will highlight these points and also provide a brief description of the historical background in which the publication of these texts took place in 1917. (shrink)
An Essay on Kant’s Theory of Freedom from the Early Works of TanabeHajime.TanabeHajime &Cody Staton -2013 -Comparative and Continental Philosophy 5 (2):150-156.detailsThis paper presents the first English translation of one of Tanabe’s early essays on Kant. Tanabe marks the occasion of the first translation of the Critique of Practical Reason into Japanese by providing his reflections on Kant’s theory of freedom in this essay. This creative essay by Tanabe represents the hallmark Kyoto School interpretation of Kant. Tanabe weaves his account of Kant with elements from other philosophers in an attempt to think systematically about the nature of freedom. He agrees with (...) Kant that morality itself “rises and falls” with the idea of freedom; however, Tanabe also tries to rescue some of the pitfalls he sees in Kant’s theory by reconstructing Kant’s account. In this brief, but rich essay, Tanabe unfolds one of the more creative aspects of his philosophy through Kant. (shrink)
Philosophy as Metanoetics.Hajime Tanabe &TanabeHajime -1986 - Univ of California Press.details"Tanabe's agenda was not religious but philosophical in that he tried to integrate Eastern and Western insights in order to acquire a cross-cultural philosophical vision for the post-war world community.... This book shows his superior philosophical originality.... It is high time that Tanabe's thought should be introduced to the West."—Joseph Kitagawa, University of Chicago.
Rank-dominant strategy and sincere voting.YasunoriOkumura -2020 -Theory and Decision 90 (1):117-145.detailsThis study considers a voting rule wherein each player sincerely votes when he/she has no information about the preferences of the other players. We introduce the concept of rank-dominant strategies to discuss the situation where a player is completely ignorant in the preferences of the other players and decision theoretic justification of the concept. We show that under the plurality voting rule with the equal probability random tie-breaking, sincere voting is always the rank-dominant strategy of each voter. We also discuss (...) other scoring rules and show that sincere voting may not be a rank-dominant strategy of a voter even with the equal probability random tie-breaking. (shrink)
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A history of early Vedānta philosophy.Hajime Nakamura -1983 - Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. Edited by Trevor Leggett.detailsThe history of the Vedanta school is well known since the time of Sankaracarya on, and its prehistory before Sankara is quite obscure. However, from the time of compilation of major Upanisads to Sankara there is a period of thousand years, and the tradition of Upanisads was not lost; there appeared many philosophers and dogmaticians, although their thoughts are not clearly known. The author has made clear the details of the pre-Sankara Vedanta philosophy, utilizing not only Sanskrit materials, but also (...) Pali, Prakrit (Jain), as well as Tibetan and Chinese sources. In this respect this is quite a unique work. For this work the author was awarded the Imperial Prize by the Academy of Japan. Some sections of this work were already published in Indian as well as European and American journals in English. This work is a complete English translation of the entire book. The English translation was done with the financial aid by the Harvard-Yenching Institute, and the final touch was given by Mr. Trevor Leggett, the British writer, who is well-versed in Sanskrit as well as in Japanese. (shrink)
Continuity properties in constructive mathematics.Hajime Ishihara -1992 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 57 (2):557-565.detailsThe purpose of this paper is an axiomatic study of the interrelations between certain continuity properties. We deal with principles which are equivalent to the statements "every mapping is sequentially nondiscontinuous", "every sequentially nondiscontinuous mapping is sequentially continuous", and "every sequentially continuous mapping is continuous". As corollaries, we show that every mapping of a complete separable space is continuous in constructive recursive mathematics (the Kreisel-Lacombe-Schoenfield-Tsejtin theorem) and in intuitionism.
(1 other version)Can infants use robot gaze for object learning?YukoOkumura,Yasuhiro Kanakogi,Takayuki Kanda,Hiroshi Ishiguro &Shoji Itakura -2013 -Interaction Studies. Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies / Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies 14 (3):351-365.detailsPrevious research has shown that although infants follow the gaze direction of robots, robot gaze does not facilitate infants’ learning for objects. The present study examined whether robot gaze affects infants’ object learning when the gaze behavior was accompanied by verbalizations. Twelve-month-old infants were shown videos in which a robot with accompanying verbalizations gazed at an object. The results showed that infants not only followed the robot’s gaze direction but also preferentially attended to the cued object when the ostensive verbal (...) signal was present. Moreover, infants showed enhanced processing of the cued object when ostensive and referential verbal signals were increasingly present. These effects were not observed when mere nonverbal sound stimuli instead of verbalizations were added. Taken together, our findings indicate that robot gaze accompanying verbalizations facilitates infants’ object learning, suggesting that verbalizations are important in the design of robot agents from which infants can learn. Keywords: gaze following; humanoid robot; infant learning; verbalization; cognitive development. (shrink)
Continuity and nondiscontinuity in constructive mathematics.Hajime Ishihara -1991 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 56 (4):1349-1354.detailsThe purpose of this paper is an axiomatic study of the interrelations between certain continuity properties. We show that every mapping is sequentially continuous if and only if it is sequentially nondiscontinuous and strongly extensional, and that "every mapping is strongly extensional", "every sequentially nondiscontinuous mapping is sequentially continuous", and a weak version of Markov's principle are equivalent. Also, assuming a consequence of Church's thesis, we prove a version of the Kreisel-Lacombe-Shoenfield-Tsĕitin theorem.
Weak König's Lemma Implies Brouwer's Fan Theorem: A Direct Proof.Hajime Ishihara -2006 -Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 47 (2):249-252.detailsClassically, weak König's lemma and Brouwer's fan theorem for detachable bars are equivalent. We give a direct constructive proof that the former implies the latter.
Cognitively active externalization for situated reflection.Hajime Shirouzu,Naomi Miyake &Hiroyuki Masukawa -2002 -Cognitive Science 26 (4):469-501.detailsThis paper offers an explanation of how collaboration leads to abstract and flexible problem solving. We asked the individual and paired subjects to indicate 3/4 of 2/3 of the area of a square sheet of paper and found that (1) they primarily folded or partitioned the paper rather than algorithmically calculating the answer, (2) they strongly tendened to backtrack and confirm their proto‐plans on externalized traces such as creases on the paper, and (3) only the paired subjects shifted to the (...) mathematical strategy in their second trials. Based on these results, we propose that two factors, individuals' activeness in choosing and confirming the initial strategies and the frequent role exchange between task‐doing and monitoring in collaborative situations, interact in collaboration to generate various solutions differing in the degree of abstraction, which are then reflected upon by the participants to lead them to abstraction. (shrink)
A continuity principle, a version of Baire's theorem and a boundedness principle.Hajime Ishihara &Peter Schuster -2008 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 73 (4):1354-1360.detailsWe deal with a restricted form WC-N' of the weak continuity principle, a version BT' of Baire's theorem, and a boundedness principle BD-N. We show, in the spirit of constructive reverse mathematics, that WC-N'. BT' + ¬LPO and BD-N + ¬LPO are equivalent in a constructive system, where LPO is the limited principle of omniscience.
Relating Bishopʼs function spaces to neighbourhood spaces.Hajime Ishihara -2013 -Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 164 (4):482-490.detailsWe extend Bishopʼs concept of function spaces to the concept of pre-function spaces. We show that there is an adjunction between the category of neighbourhood spaces and the category of Φ-closed pre-function spaces. We also show that there is an adjunction between the category of uniform spaces and the category of Ψ-closed pre-function spaces.
On Thetic Judgment (1910).Hajime Tanabe 田辺元 -2023 -Les Cahiers Philosophiques de Strasbourg 53:216-229.detailsDans son premier article, Tanabe soutient que le jugement n’est pas seulement un acte secondaire de la pensée : il est aussi l’acte par lequel l’objet est posé et sur lequel la connaissance se fonde, lorsqu’un acte d’attention se tourne vers le contenu de l’expérience pure. Dans celle-ci, objet et sujet sont encore indistincts. Ce jugement thétique fondamental diffère des autres jugements en ceci qu’en lui, il n’y a pas de décalage entre exigence et reconnaissance. Il est donc toujours affirmatif (...) et ne devient pas clairement conscient. Tanabe entend éviter ainsi l’idéalisme subjectif. (shrink)
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A constructive look at the completeness of the space $\mathcal{d} (\mathbb{r})$.Hajime Ishihara &Satoru Yoshida -2002 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 67 (4):1511-1519.detailsWe show, within the framework of Bishop's constructive mathematics, that (sequential) completeness of the locally convex space $\mathcal{D} (\mathbb{R})$ of test functions is equivalent to the principle BD-N which holds in classical mathemtatics, Brouwer's intuitionism and Markov's constructive recursive mathematics, but does not hold in Bishop's constructivism.
Reverse Mathematics in Bishop’s Constructive Mathematics.Hajime Ishihara -2006 -Philosophia Scientiae:43-59.detailsWe will overview the results in an informal approach to constructive reverse mathematics, that is reverse mathematics in Bishop’s constructive mathematics, especially focusing on compactness properties and continuous properties.
Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Deductive Reasoning: The Relation of the Universal and the Particular in Early Works of TanabeHajime.Timothy Burns &TanabeHajime -2013 -Comparative and Continental Philosophy 5 (2):124-149.detailsThis article introduces the first English translation of one of Tanabe’s early essays on metaphysics. It questions the relation of the universal to the particular in context of logic, phenomenology, Neo-Kantian epistemology, and classical metaphysics. Tanabe provides his reflections on the nature of the concept of universality and its constitutive relation to phenomenal particulars through critical analyses of the issue as it is discussed across various schools of philosophy including: British Empiricism, the Marburg School, the Austrian School, the Kyoto School, (...) and Platonism. In this essay, Tanabe reveals his ability to think metaphysically the ground for the possibility of reasoning and dares to voice his own thought beyond references to the most prominent thinkers of his time from distinct intellectual traditions in both the east and the west. This essay, therefore, demonstrates that his strong tendency to move beyond the received epistemology and phenomenology of the European intellectual tradition to metaphysics was already present in the early days of his academic life and thereby marks a more general contribution of the Kyoto School of Philosophy to distinct European schools of thought in the early twentieth century. (shrink)
On the independence of premiss axiom and rule.Hajime Ishihara &Takako Nemoto -2020 -Archive for Mathematical Logic 59 (7-8):793-815.detailsIn this paper, we deal with a relationship among the law of excluded middle, the double negation elimination and the independence of premiss rule ) for intuitionistic predicate logic. After giving a general machinery, we give, as corollaries, several examples of extensions of \ and \ which are closed under \ but do not derive the independence of premiss axiom.
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Truth and objectivity in law and morals: proceedings of the special workshop held at the 26th World Congress of the International Association for Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy in Belo Horizonte, 2013.Hajime Yoshino,Andrés Santacoloma Santacoloma &Gonzalo Villa Rosas (eds.) -2016 - [Baden-Baden]: Nomos.detailsThis volume contains a selection of papers presented at the special workshop "Truth and Objectivity in Law and Morals," held at the 26th World Congress of the IVR. The papers deal with diverse but correlated issues such as the search for truth in and through legal argumentation; the intelligible character of rules inside theories of interpretation which guarantee the coherence and the integrity of law; the role of hermeneutic analysis in the construction of the objectivity of law; the procedural and (...) contextual aspects of objectivity in legal reasoning; the role of objectivity in the distinction between the context of justification and the context of discovery; the problem about truth of normative propositions and legal statements; the incompatibility of non factualism with the traditional account of validity and legality; as well as the possibility of objectivity in morals. (shrink)