Works by Gerard Radnitzky
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| Gerard Radnitzky [86] | Gerard A. Radnitzky [1] |
- Evolutionary Epistemology, Rationality, and the Sociology of Knowledge.Gerard Radnitzky &Karl Raimund Popper -1987 - Open Court Publishing."Bartley and Radnitzky have done the philosophy of knowledge a tremendous service. Scholars now have a superb and up-to-date presentation of the fundamental ideas of evolutionary epistemology." --Philosophical Books.
- (1 other version)Progress and Rationality in Science.Susan Haack,Gerard Radnitzky &Gunnar Andersson -1980 -Philosophical Quarterly 30 (119):174.
- The 'economic' approach to the philosophy of science.Gerard Radnitzky -1987 -British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 38 (2):159-179.(1) What may be gained by applying concepts generalised from economics to methodological problems? The perspective of cost-benefit analysis ('CBA' for short) may help the researcher to see what sorts of questions he should take into account when dealing with particular methodological problems. This claim is supported by applying generalised CBA-thinking to two standard problems of methodology. (2) In the practice of research the handling of basic statements does not normally constitute any problem, and no conscious decision is involved. In (...) the methodological reconstruction the key questions are: 'How can a particular basic statement be criticised?' and 'What are the costs of defending a statement that is "problematic"?' The problem of the empirical 'base' is an investment problem: whether or not to invest time and effort into processing a particular basic statement into a falsifying hypothesis for the theory we wish to test. The valuation of the costs of rejecting or, as the case may be, of defending a basic statement, are objective. (3) With respect to theories, in basic science, the issue is not one of acceptance or rejection of a single theory, but rather of theory preference. Both the rational response to a falsification and rational theory preference are governed by CBA-considerations. The option for one of two competing theories is based upon a CBA where the valuation of benefits and costs is objective. Theory change is an objective process, at least in those fields, where theorising is closely controlled by empirical testing: the better theory drives out the less good theory. The costs of defending a theory that is less good than its competitor are mainly epistemic resources forgone. The use of CBA in methodology not only is compatible with Popper's position, but it may pay to view Popper's methodology as an application of CBA to epistemic situations. (shrink)
- (3 other versions)Contemporary Schools of Metascience.Gerard Radnitzky -1969 -Philosophy and Rhetoric 2 (2):108-111.No categories
- From justifying a theory to comparing theories and selecting questions.Gerard Radnitzky -1980 -Revue Internationale de Philosophie 34 (1):179-228.No categories
- Handlexikon zur Wissenschaftstheorie.Helmut Seiffert &Gerard Radnitzky -1989No categories
- Popperian philosophy of science as an antidote against relativism.Gerard Radnitzky -1976 - In R. S. Cohen, P. K. Feyerabend & M. Wartofsky,Essays in Memory of Imre Lakatos. Reidel. pp. 505--546.
- Knowing and guessing.Gerard Radnitzky -1982 -Zeitschrift Für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 13 (1):110-121.Popper's methodology does not entail any playing down of the various indispensible distinctions such as the distinction between knowing and guessing, the distinction between myth and science, the distinction between the observational and the theoretical, and between the vernacular and technical sublanguages or technical vocabulary. By avoiding both the totalization that led to the foundationalist position and the scepticist reactions to these frustrated foundationalist hopes, Popper's methodology makes it possible to combine fallibilism with a realist view of theories. It combines (...) the perennial willingness to re-examine positions, statements, etc. with the claim that a particular theory (as an item of knowledge in the objective sense) constitutes cognitive progress over its rivals. However, some of his formulations have been deliberately provocative and in this way have given rise to certain misgivings about possible paradoxical implications, even in philosophers congenial with Popper's approach. The concept of knowledge in the objective sense is, of course, an explicatum which Popper proposes primarily for use in methodology and epistemology. The concept is an expression of the acknowledgment of fallibility in principle. The phrasing that ‘knowledge is conjectural’ or ‘knowledge is fallible’, even when it refers to knowledge in the objective sense, is but an abbreviation for: since our methods for ascertaining the truth-value of a particular statement about empirical reality are fallible in principle, there cannot be any certain knowledge about reality. In everyday life and in politics tolerance will be possible to the extent to which the recognition of this fallibility is more than a declaration. (shrink)
- (1 other version)Die politische Herausforderung der Wissenschaft.Kurt Hübner,Nikolaus Lobkowicz,Hermann Lübbe,Gerard Radnitzky &Willy Hochkeppel -1977 -Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 8 (2):406-409.
- Centripetal forces in the sciences.Gerard Radnitzky (ed.) -1987 - New York: Paragon House Publishers.No categories
- (1 other version)Das problem der theorienbewertung.Gerard Radnitzky -1979 -Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 10 (1):67-97.O. The idea of scientific progress in contemporary philosophy of science. Explicating the concept of cognitive progress means at the same time articulating an ideal of science. A desirable ideal: explain a lot and offer certainty. 1. Working out the ideal with the "foundationalist-positivist" approach. If the question, "When is it rational to accept a theory?" is answered, "When it has sufficient inductive support," this leads to insoluble problems. Reactions to the collapse of this approach - especially relativism and theory (...) instrumentalism. 2. The Popperian alternative: rational theory preference despite fallibility of methods for determining truth or greater accuracy of representations. What good reasons can there be for the conjecture that one theory is superior to a competing theory in its achievement as a description? Achievements to date as fallible but objective indicators of strength in describing. The sorts of risks for a theory differ in explanation and in prediction. Corresponding to the risks are the chances for cognitive progress. Instead of a cumulative index, itemized indication of success and failure in explanation and prediction with regard for importance of the questions at issue. On the concept of the "scientific importance" of questions. Postscript: On the political consequences of the sceptical position in philosophy of science. (shrink)
- Evolutionary Epistemology. Rationality, and the Sociology of Knowledge. La Salle.Gerard Radnitzky &W. Bartley -1990 -Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 52 (1):169-169.No categories
- Hayek’s contribution to epistemology, ethics and politics.Gerard Radnitzky -1992 -Journal des Economistes Et des Etudes Humaines 3 (2-3):219-236.
- Philosophie de la recherche scientifique.Gérard Radnitzky -1974 -Archives de Philosophie 37 (1):5.
- (1 other version)Forschung AlS innovatives system: Entwurf einer integrativen sehweise, die modelle erstellt zur beschreibung und kritik Von forschungsprozessen.Håkan Törnebohm &Gerard Radnitzky -1971 -Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 2 (2):239-290.Summary Research is regarded as transformations of complexes composed of knowledge, problems and (hardware and software) instruments. Sequences of such transformations are embedded in human settings in which they are given directions. Problems and the work of solving them are divided into empirical and theoretical ones. In an advanced science like physics empirical and theoretical work are interrelated by means of flows of problem-generating information. Empirical and theoretical researchers work also on problems of their own making. Residuals of knowledge which (...) cannot be systematized at the same rate as it is produced as well as clashes between new and old knowledge are potential starting points of new lines of research. (shrink)
- Entre Wittgenstein et Popper.Gérard Radnitzky -1982 -Archives de Philosophie 45 (1):3.
- (1 other version)Prinzipielle problemstellungen der forschungspolitik.Gerard Radnitzky -1976 -Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 7 (2):367-403.Summary Research consists of choosing a problem, proposing and testing problem solutions, and presenting the results. In its central moment â conjectures and testing â science must be autonomous in order to be successful. Securing this autonomy by organizational means is one of the tasks of research policy. Research needs to justify itself only when the researcher makes a claim to the resources of others. To discuss problems of justification of governmental support, it is imperative to distinguish between basic and (...) applied research. In basic research the problem choice is guided only by considerations of scientific interest , while in applied research the problems emanate from extra-scientific concerns since applied research is by definition a means for tackling concrete practical problems. Deciding on external criteria (e.g. deciding whether to support more energy research or more cancer research) is a genuine political problem rather than a problem of research policy. Thus applied research can be justified by referring to the benefit the expected results will yield, but basic research requires a completely different justification. One such justification is the argument that applied research requires a certain overhead in basic research. Securing an adequate balance between funding basic and applied research within the problem area concerned is another task of research policy. (E.g. in the area of cancer whether to support more molecular biology research or more clinical research.) When the overhead argument is not applicable, there still remain several possible justifications for basic research. These are examined in the paper. When setting priorities for basic research within a certain discipline, one apparently must turn to the scientific community itself. It may well be that the researches, who constitute the only expertise available for this task, have to rely on tacit knowledge . If so, this remains afaute de mieux procedure since articulated criteria would be preferable to intuitive procedures. The purpose of methodological reflection on research policy making is to supply intellectual instruments for making the discussion about substantive problems more rational. The substantive problems can be tackled only through the close cooperation of research policy makers and researchers. Thus methodology should not limit the degrees of freedom of either but increase them. (shrink)
- Réflexions sur Popper.Gerard Radnitzky -1985 -Archives de Philosophie 48 (1):79.
- Signaturen der „analytischen philosophie” : Zwei retrospektive studien.Gerard Radnitzky -1977 -Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 39 (1):29 - 80.
- Science, technology, and political responsibility.Gerard Radnitzky -1983 -Minerva 21 (2-3):234-264.
- (1 other version)Wissenschaftstheorie AlS forschungswissenschaft.Gerard Radnitzky,Håkan Törnebohm &Göran Wallén -1971 -Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 2 (1):115-119.Summary The theory of research under development at this Institute aims at systematically describing and evaluating research and its products. It conceives research as an innovative sytem in which knowledge, problems and instruments are produced and processed. It proceeds by tacking between case studies of research enterprises (past or on-going) and constructing models over such features as data generation, hypothesis checking, systematization of pieces of knowledge, etc. Its auxiliaries are systems-theory, information theory, etc. It results should make possible a critical (...) examination of the factors that steer research processes â such as the perspective, criteria, ideals of science. A criticism informed by the results of this type of theory of research ought to be of value both for active researchers and for others concerned with research. (shrink)
- Das moralische Problem der Politik.Gerard Radnitzky -2002 -Ethik Und Sozialwissenschaften 13:345-358.No categoriesExport citation
Bookmark - The chronicle section.Gunnar Andersson,Jan Bärmark,Aant Elzinga,Johan Lindström,Gerard Radnitzky,Håkan Törnebohm,Göran Wallén,Theodore Kisiel &Gert König -1971 -Man and World 4 (2):230-240.
- Wissenschaftstheorie und Wissenschaften: Festschrift für Gerard Radnitzky aus Anlass seines 70. Geburtstages.Gerard Radnitzky &Gunnar Andersson -1991Die Autoren dieses Buches befassen sich mit dem Verhältnis der Wissenschaftstheorie zu den Wissenschaften. Vertreter verschiedener Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften kommen hier nach folgendem Anordnungsprinzip zu Worte: Von den »hard sciences« zu den »soft sciences«, von den empirisch leichter prüfbaren zu den empirisch schwerer prüfbaren Wissenschaften. Die klassischen Naturwissenschaften, Physik, Chemie und Biologie, machen den Anfang. Dann folgen Ökonomie, Soziologie und Geschichte.Fast alle Beiträge sind aus Vorträgen hervorgegangen, die im Juni 1989 während eines wissenschaftlichen Kolloquiums an der Universität Trier gehalten und (...) diskutiert wurden.Das Thema der Trierer Tagung lautete: »Der Kritische Rationalismus und die Wissenschaften«. Die jeweiligen Vertreter ihres Faches waren also eingeladen, insbesondere ihr Verhältnis zur Wissenschaftstheorie des Kritischen Rationalismus darzulegen. Das Tagungsthema war vor dem Hintergrund der in demselben Jahr erfolgenden Emeritierung von Gerard Radnitzky, einem der renommiertesten Vertreter des Kritischen Rationalismus, gewählt worden. (shrink)No categories
- INHALTSÜBERSICHT: CONCEPTUS 1969 ABHANDLUNGEN William Warten BARTLEY. Plttsburgh Sprach-und Wissenschaftstheorie als Werkzeuge einer Schulreform: WITTGENSTEIN wal POPPER als Österreichische Schullehrer 6.Karl Wilhelm Essler München,Rudolf Kaller Graz,Hans Georg Knapp Graz,Hegelsche Dialektik,Dialektischer Unsinn,Gerard Radnitzky,Alois Reutterer Bludenz,Bemerkungen zu Rudolf WOHLGENANNTs Beurig,Über den Begriff des Gewissens &Emerich Coreth -1977 -Conceptus: Zeitschrift Fur Philosophie 1:1.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- And 1988.Gerard Radnitzky -1987 - InCentripetal forces in the sciences. New York: Paragon House Publishers. pp. 2.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Against Relativism.Gerard Radnitzky -1989 -Conceptus: Zeitschrift Fur Philosophie 23 (60):99-110.Relativism in its various forms has become the mainstream tendency in philosophy, from epistemology to the philosophy of science, and its influence on ethics and political philosophy has been considerable. What are its main tenets? How can its popularity be explained, and, most importantly, how do the key contentions of relativism withstand a critical examination? (1) Criticism of the Criticism of Tradition often Leads to Relativism. (2) The Objectivist and the Relativist Approach Lead to Different Positions with Respect to Explanation, (...) Probability, the Role of Logic, and Rational Theory Preference. (3) The Relevance of the Objectivism-Relativism Debate for Political Philosophy and for Politics. (shrink)Export citation Bookmark
- Arthur seldon, capitalism. Blackwell, oxford, 1990. Pp. 419. £19.50, us$29.95 (cloth.Gerard Radnitzky -1993 -Philosophy of the Social Sciences 23 (3):372-375.
- Centripetal in the Sciences.Gerard Radnitzky &International Conference on the Unity of the Sciences -1987 - Paragon House Publishers.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Comptes rendus.Gérard Radnitzky -1979 -Archives de Philosophie:326.Export citation Bookmark
- (1 other version)Contemporary schools of metascience.Gerard Radnitzky -1970 - Göteborg,: Läromedelsförlaget, (Akademiförlaget) ....v. 1. Anglo-Saxon schools of metascience.--v. 2. Continental schools of metascience.No categories
- Economic Democracy Before Political Democracy.Gerard Radnitzky -1991 -Journal des Economistes Et des Etudes Humaines 2 (1):171-174.
- El papel de las teorías de la investigación en la fundamentación teorética para la planificación de la ciencia.Gerard Radnitzky -1975 -Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 5 (2):233-262.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- " Economic" thinking applied to the philosophy of science.Gerard Radnitzky -1986 -Epistemologia 9 (2):203-232.Export citation Bookmark
- Entre Wittgenstein et Popper: détours vers la découverte: le vrai, le faux, l'hypothèse.Gerard Radnitzky -1987 - Paris: Vrin.
- From logical positivism to critical rationalism by way of critical-theory.Gerard Radnitzky -1981 -Archives de Philosophie 44 (1):99-115.Export citation Bookmark
- Hayek’s political philosophy – a critical assessment.Gerard Radnitzky -1999 -Journal des Economistes Et des Etudes Humaines 9 (2-3):389-434.
- Hacia un teoría de la investigación que no es ni reconstrucción lógica ni psicología o sociología de la ciencia.Gerard Radnitzky -1973 -Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 3 (2):197-264.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Is Kuhn’s Revolution in the Philosophy of Science a Pseudo-Revolution?Gerard Radnitzky -1990 -International Studies in Philosophy 22 (1):77-78.In his latest book Kritik und Wissenschaftsgeschichte (Criticism and the History of Science, 1988), Gunnar Andersson clarifies the logical aspects of falsification and metalogical relationships between falsification, prediction and explanation. By analyzing the case studies on which Kuhn and Feyerabend have based their arguments for the incommensurability thesis, he shows that thesis to be untenable. A decisive criticism of the "new philosophy of science" is given. In the process Popper's methodology is developed further. It is shown that the "Kuhn Revolution" (...) is indeed a pseudo-revolution. (shrink)
- Is the revolution of Kuhn, ts a false one-a refined falsificationism facing the relativist philosophy of science.Gérard Radnitzky -1990 -Archives de Philosophie 53 (2):199-212.Export citation Bookmark
- (1 other version)K. Popper: A favor de la verdad y la razón.Gerard Radnitzky -1982 -Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 12 (3):343-373.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Karl R. Popper.Gerard Radnitzky -1995 - [Sankt Augustin]: COMDOK Verlagsabteilung.No categories
- La extensión de la idea de costes-beneficios a la metodología.Gerard Radnitzky -1984 -Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 14 (1-2):51-78.Export citation Bookmark
- La filosofia politica di F.A. von Hayek: una valutazione critica.Gerard Radnitzky -1998 -Nuova Civiltà Delle Macchine 16 (3/4):46-54.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Los limites de la ciencia y de la tecnologia.Gerard Radnitzky -1978 -Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 8 (3):229-262.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- La metodología falsacionista y su ecología.Gerard Radnitzky -1987 -Revista de Filosofía (Madrid) 1:27.No categories
- La perspective économique sur le progrès scientifique: Application, en philosophie de la science, de l'analyse coût-bénéfice.Gérard Radnitzky -1987 -Archives de Philosophie 50 (2):177-197.Export citation Bookmark
- Méthodologie poppérienne et recherche scientifique "".Gérard Radnitzky -1979 -Archives de Philosophie 42 (2):295.
- Méthodologie poppérienne et recherche scientifique.Gérard Radnitzky -1979 -Archives de Philosophie 42 (1):3.
- O estilo mental "ideal language" na filosofia.Gerard Radnitzky -1975 -Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 31 (3):284 - 300.No categories
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
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Thomas Senor
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